| 释义 |
exposition|ɛkspəʊˈzɪʃən|
Forms: 4–5 exposicioun, 4–6 exposicion, -yon, (4 exposission), 5 expositioun, -ycion, -yon, (6 exposytion), 6– exposition.
[a. F. exposition, ad. L. expositiōn-em, n. of action f. expōnĕre (pa. pple. exposit-us): see expone.]
†1.
a. The action of putting, or the condition of being put, out of a place; expulsion. Cf. expose v. 1. Obs. rare.
1530Palsgr. 218/1 Exposytion, exposition. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 819/2 No time of taryenge betwene their [angels'] synne and their exposicion.
b. esp. The action of putting (a child) out in the open; abandonment to chance; = exposure 1 b.
1581Mulcaster Positions xxxvi. (1887) 136 To disburden a common weale of vnnecessary number..by exposition..of enfantes. 1654R. Codrington tr. Justin's Hist. 8 Hearing of the exposition of this royall Infant. 1747Orig. Hum. Appetites i. ⁋5 in Parr Metaph. Tracts 18th C. (1837), The exposition of children without distinction..either of family or sex. 1869Lecky Europ. Mor. I. i. 47 The murder or exposition of the children of poor parents. 1875Poste Gaius i. Comm. (ed. 2) 65.
†2. Situation with respect to the quarter of the heavens; ‘aspect’. Obs. = exposure 3.
1688Lett. Pres. State Italy 145 The water within them is in a full exposition to the Sun. 1693Evelyn De la Quint. Compl. Gard. I. 128 An Easterly Exposition. 1710London & Wise Compl. Gard. (1719) 268 Those sorts which blow only in good Expositions. 1758Jortin Erasm. I. 76 Erasmus..ascribes the plague..partly to the..bad exposition of the houses. 1775Johnson Journ. W. Isl. Wks. X. 413 By choosing an advantageous exposition, they can raise all the more hardy esculent plants. 1834Beckford Italy II. 107 The exposition..is singularly happy; skreened by sloping hills.
3. a. The action of putting out to public view; an instance of this; a display, show, exposure. † Also (rarely) = exposure 1 c, d.
1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. xvi. §2 The Synagogue had been thrown out to an inglorious Exposition and Contempt. 1788Trifler xviii. 245 The country 'squires dreaded the exposition of their rustic conversation to the ordeal of her criticism. Ibid. xxiv. 318 The exposition of these absurdities..should be forwarded by every man of sense. 1834Beckford Italy I. 4 There happened to be an exposition of the holy wafer. 1835Browning Paracelsus 128 Grown Grey in the exposition of such antics. 1836New Monthly Mag. XLVI. 3 The practice of exposition on the pillory. 1844Pugin Gloss. 182 The Exposition of any Relic without an authentication has been strictly prohibited. 1884Catholic Dict. 331 The Host after High Mass (the Mass of Exposition) is placed on a throne above the altar..Relics and images must be removed from the Altar of Exposition.
b. After mod.French use; = exhibition 6.
1851Illustr. London News 29 Mar. 259/1 This Exposition usually takes place annually in the Louvre. 1851Geo. Eliot Let. 5 Aug. (1954) I. 358 She seems to prefer London... A glance or two at the Exposition she thinks would do her no harm. 1868Sala Notes & Sk. Paris Exhibition ii. 15 The Universal Exposition of 1867; that, you know..is the official designation. 1873Browning Red Cott. Nt.-cap 270 Paint! The last Exposition warrants me Plenty of people must ply brush with toes. 1879Howells L. Aroostook (1883) II. 126 Typical villages of the different civilisations at the international expositions. 1891Soc. of Arts, Title of Paper 11 Dec. 9 The World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893.
4. a. The action or process of setting forth, declaring, or describing, either in speech or writing.
1460Earl of Marche in Ellis Orig. Lett. i. 5 I. 10 We have charged your servant..for to declare..certayne things..Wherefore we beseche your graciouse lordeschip..to here him in exposicion of the same, and to his relacion to yeve ful feith and credence. 1783H. Blair Lect. Rhet. II. 78 In the conduct and exposition of his arguments, he [Cicero] may and ought to be imitated. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 66 Clear exposition was the only thing needed to convert him to the new theory.
b. A statement in which any matter is set forth in detail.
1388Wyclif 2 Macc. ii. 13 These same thingis weren put in discripciouns and exposiciouns [Vulg. commentariis] of Neemye. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxx. 241 For the which dede, after the exposycion of some auctours the sayd erle was punysshed. 1552Huloet, Exposition, commentarium. 1842A. Combe Physiol. Digestion (ed. 4) 189 If we look to the exposition of the objects of eating already given. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. xvi. 311 The author of the theory has at various times published expositions of his views. 1875Stubbs Const. Hist. I. i. 10 Of the great expositions of feudal custom, most are from Northern France. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. & Ferns 504 A question..that does not belong to the present anatomical exposition.
c. Music. (See quots.)
1869Ouseley Counterp. xxiii. 178 Every fugue must commence with what is called ‘the exposition’ of the subject and answer. By this is simply meant the first entry of the subject, answer, and countersubject. 1880― in Grove Dict. Mus. I. 568/2 After the exposition is completed by the successive and regular entry of every part. 1889Grove Dict. Mus. IV. 630/2 In forms of the harmonic order the term Exposition is commonly used of the first half of a movement in Binary form, because that part contains the statement of the two principal subjects. 1947A. Einstein Mus. in Romantic Era vii. 67 The exposition of the first is a perfect example of demoniac explosion, while, in the first movement of the C-major Symphony the exposition is a piece of inexorable consummation. 1959Westrup & Harrison Collins Mus. Encycl. 230/1 Exposition, the statement of the musical material on which a movement is based... In a movement in sonata form it..consists in the presentation of the principal thematic material partly in the tonic key and partly in a subsidiary key or keys.
5. a. The action of expounding or explaining; interpretation, explanation. Also an instance or mode of this; an explanation, interpretation.
a1340Hampole Psalter Comm. 19 Hit nedeth exposicyon. 1340― Pr. Consc. 3856 An exposicion Of þe haly godspelle in a lesson. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋969 The exposicioun of this holy praier..I bitake to these maystres of theology. c1440Gesta Rom. lxiii. 271 (Harl. MS.) The exposicion of theise vers is this. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iv. i. 237 You know the Law, your exposition Hath beene most sound. 1672Sir T. Browne Lett. Friend xix. (1881) 140 Some dreams I confess may admit of easie and feminine exposition. 1699Bentley Phal. 302 The other Exposition, that makes Μοσχος the name of an Harper. 1729Franklin Ess. Wks. 1840 II. 39 The unaccountable expositions that are put upon some of my works. 1741–3Wesley Jrnl. (1749) 69 Attending the expositions of the persons commonly called Methodists. 1795Wythe Decis. Virginia 8 This exposition of the testament fulfilleth the intention of him who made it. 1868E. Edwards Raleigh I. xxvii. 690 It was..suggested..that Bacon's exposition of the law was unsound. 1877Sparrow Serm. ix. 122 The exposition of the Bible.
Comb.1826Bentham in Westm. Rev. VI. 500 Exposition-requiring terms.
b. An expository article or treatise; a commentary.
1460J. Capgrave Chron. Ded. 1 Specialy to gader eld exposiciones upon Scripture into o colleccion. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 553/1 In his exposicion vpon the first pistle of saint John. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 107 The reading of such expositions of Scriptures as are writ by..sincere followers of Christ. 1685A. Lovell tr. Simon's Relig. & Cust. East. Nations 149 They have..Expositions on those Books. 1773Mrs. Chapone Improv. Mind (1774) I. 66 The Prophecies..you had better..read..with a good exposition.
c. Logic. (In various senses: see quots.)
1588Fraunce Lawiers Log. i. ii. 4 b, There be two parts of Logike, Exposition of the nature of argumentes, and Disposition of the same. Ibid. i. ii. 6 Exposition, the first part of Logike, declareth the particular affection and nature of every severall argument. 1656tr. Hobbes' Elem. Philos. (1839) 139 Quantity is determined two ways; one by the sense, when some sensible object is set before it..which way of determining is called exposition. 1837–8Sir W. Hamilton Logic xxiv. (1866) II. 12 It [a declaration] is called an Exposition, when the evolution of a notion is continued through several explications. 1860Veitch & Mansel Hamilton's Logic I. 263 note, The term Exposition (ἔκθεσις) is employed by Aristotle and most subsequent logicians to denote the selection of an individual instance whose qualities may be perceived by sense, in order to prove a general relation apprehended by the intellect.
Hence expoˈsitional a., of the nature of an exposition; explanatory. expoˈsitionary a., inclined to exposition or setting forth in detail.
1845Mozley Blanco White, Ess. 1884 II. 138 All those creeds..the simply expositional and interpretative form of the original revealed truth..—all this is thrown aside. 1867J. Garfield in Century Mag. Jan. 1884, 413/2 Spurgeon..accompanied his reading with sensible..expositional comments. 1882J. Hawthorne Fort. Fool i. xviii, He was of an argumentative and expositionary turn of mind. |