| 释义 |
externalize, v.|ɛkˈstɜːnəlaɪz|
Also 9 externalise.
[f. external + -ize.]
trans. To make external; to embody in outward form; to give or attribute external existence to; to treat as consisting in externals.
1852Morell tr. Tennemann's Hist. Philos. 29 His fancy externalizing the divinations of his reason. 1875Symonds Renaiss. Italy I. i. 30 This high political abstraction, latent in Christianity..was externalised in the French Revolution. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant ii. x. 427 The universe is the process whereby spirit externalises itself. 1884Chicago Advance 14 Feb., The more ancient mistake has been to externalize religion too much.
Hence exˈternalized ppl. a. exˈternalizing vbl. n., the action of the vb. externalize.
1865Masson Rec. Brit. Philos. 98 The externalizing of one's own thoughts. 1876Fairbairn in Contemp. Rev. June 135 Creation is the evolution of deity, man externalized God. 1886Gurney Phantasms of Living I. 186 Divides the cases [of telepathy] into two great families—those (A) where the impression is sensory or externalised, and those (B) where it is not sensory or externalised.
▸ trans. Econ. To exclude (costs) from a pricing structure; spec. to fail to take into account (social or environmental costs resulting from a product's manufacture or use) when formulating an economic strategy, either deliberately or as an oversight. Cf. internalize v. c.
1966Econ. Devel. & Cultural Change 14 389 A widely effective coercive apparatus, whose costs the 'Big Push' strategist externalizes. 1992Earth Matters (Friends of the Earth) Summer 1/1 This means continuing to allow short-term competitive advantage to dictate national economic strategies which ‘externalise’ environmental and social costs. 2003New Internationalist Jan.–Feb. 11/2 How ‘efficient’ is a system of agriculture that ignores (‘externalizes’) the huge costs of removing chemical contamination from water or losing genetic diversity? |