| 释义 |
‖ exuviæ|ɛgˈzjuːvɪiː|
[a. L. exuviæ garments stripped off, skins of animals, the spoils of an enemy, f. exuĕre to divest oneself of.]
Cast skins, shells, or coverings of animals; any parts of animals which are shed or cast off, whether recent or fossil.
1670Boyle Contn. New Exp. iv. Wks. 1772 III. 378 They [insects] divested the habit they had..and appeared with their exuviæ or cast coats under their feet. a1728Woodward Catal. For. Fossils ii. (1729) 21 in Nat. Hist. Fossils, They appear to be only the Skins or Exuviæ [printed Exuvia], rather than entire Bodies of Fishes. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 184 Fossils and other marine exuviæ which are found imbedded on the tops of mountains. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1828) III. xxxii. 290 The insect has quitted the exuviæ of the pupa. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 23 Living animals..had formerly lived..where their exuviæ are now found. 1851Richardson Geol. (1855) 393 Sea-weeds, sponges, corals, shells, and the other marine exuviæ found in the chalk.
b. transf. and fig.
1653H. More Antid. Ath. iii. xvi. (1712) 138 The Exuviæ of Fiddles, it seems, fly up into the air. 1811Lamb Burial Societies Wks. (1876) 629 The departed Spirit is gone. His care is only about the exuviæ. 1821Knox Spir. Despot. xxix. 66 Lest the despotism of influence should destroy the vitals of a free constitution, and leave nothing behind but the form, the exuviæ, the name. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. ii. vi. 439 Curious exuviæ of early art.
Add:c. Also in sing. in the form exuvium (the reconstructed L. fem. sing. exuvia being reinterpreted as neut. pl.), and in pl. as exuvia.
1678Sir T. Browne Let. 6 July (1946) 97 You may observe how the exuvium of the little snake showes in a microscrope. 1893Funk's Stand. Dict., Exuvium, n. [-vi-a, pl.]. 1965B. E. Freeman tr. Vandel's Biospeleol. xix. 326 These animals eat the mucous layer impregnated with bacteria, diatoms and algae, which covers their bodies and detaches itself at intervals, rather like an exuvium. 1978Environmental Sci. Res. XII. 207 Generally, exuvia from second ecdysis were lighter in dry weight and had less calcium than exuvia from the first ecdysis. 1987Jrnl. Animal Morphol. & Physiol. XXXIV. 46 Head perpendicular to the body, legs out of the exuvium. |