| 释义 |
▪ I. facing, vbl. n.|ˈfeɪsɪŋ|
[f. face v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb face.
†1.
a. The action of boasting, swaggering, or browbeating; an instance of this, a defiance. Obs.
1523St. Papers Hen. VIII, VI. 190 Protestations and exclamacions, with facyng crakyng and mynatorie wordes agaynst the Cardynalles. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xii. 5 Their importunate facing and bracing in woordes. a1625Fletcher Lover's Progress iii. vi, Leave facing, 'twill not serve you. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lxvi. (1739) 140 This wrought..complainings in England, and facings between the Emperor and the Pope.
†b. attrib. in facing-card (see face v. and card n.2 2 a): fig. an imposing allegation or argument. Obs.
a1624Bp. M. Smith Serm. (1632) 33 If yee [goe away,] for these facing-cardes of multitudes or chaire, vnhappy are ye.
2. a. Mil. The action of facing or turning in another direction. facing-about: the action of turning in the opposite direction, an instance of this. Hence to put (one) through (his) facings, to go through (one's) facings: lit. and fig. Also transf.
1635W. Barriffe Mil. Discip. ix. (1643) 32 Facing is a particular turning of the Aspect from one part to another. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacr. iii. ii. §11 After many encounters and facings about, they fell into their severall troops. 1724De Foe Mem. Cavalier (1840) 232 Their facing about..put them into a great disorder. 1833Regul. Instr. Cavalry i. 13 In going through the facings, the left heel never quits the ground. 1867Trollope Chron. Barset I. xli. 356 Grace, not at all unwillingly, was put through her facings. 1888C. Blatherwick Uncle Pierce i, Look in as you pass..and I'll put you through your facings.
b. Lacrosse. (See face v. 4 c.)
1910Westm. Gaz. 22 Apr. 14/3 Facing is no longer to be regarded as a penalty.
3. The action of turning (a card) face upwards.
1674Cotton Complete Gamester in Singer Hist. Cards 344 Lest there should be a discovery made of the facing, he palms them as much as he can.
4. a. concr. (chiefly in pl.): Something with which a garment is faced (cf. face v. 12); esp. the cuffs and collar of a military jacket, when of a different colour from the rest of the coat.
1566in Peacock Eng. Ch. Furniture 89 Two Copes the ffacyng taken of. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1673) 87 Their skins are of great use through the world..for garments, facings, and linings. 1612Barry Merry Tricks iii. i, Tawny coats, with greasy facings. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2368/4 The stuff having yellow Spots..with a little Silver Edging across the Facing. 1741Richardson Pamela I. xx. 49, I made robings and facings of a pretty bit of printed calico. 1816‘Quiz’ Grand Master iii. 56 His facings bore The designation of his corps. 1853Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. s.v., The facings of the artillery are scarlet. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xxii. 580 The silk lining or facing is used for the summer robe only.
b. transf. and fig.
1642Wotton Life Dk. Buckingham 5 These Offices and Dignities..were but the facings and fringes of his greatnesse. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. v. viii. 388 Well may the Hypocrite afford gaudy facing. 1808Syd. Smith Plymley's Lett. x, Dulness turned up with temerity, is a livery all the worse for the facings. 1862Burton Bk. Hunter (1863) 46 Each shelf uniform, with its facings or rather backings, like well-dressed lines at a review.
5. The action of putting a new face on (anything); of overlaying (a building, etc.) with other material; of colouring (tea); the action of covering or protecting the face of. Cf. face v. 13–15.
1549Churchw. Acc. St. Dunstan's, Canterbury, For fasynge of the Images in the Churche ix d. Item fasynge of the tabyll that stoode at the Awlter iiij d. 1703T. N. City & C. Purchaser 52 Of Facing Timber-buildings with Bricks. 1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 1480 They [houses] are undergoing reparation by new facing. 1874Knight Dict. Mech., Facing 4 the covering of brick or rough stone⁓work with fine masonry, such as sawed freestone or marble. 1875Sat. Rev. XL. 552/2 We are told that the ‘facing’ of tea..does not affect its quality.
6. concr.
a. A superficial coating or layer; also the material of which this is made.
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 110 The inner facing of his chimney Casket. 1783T. Warton Hist. Kiddington (ed. 2) 67 If we suppose some assistance from an artificial facing, they must have been visible at a vast distance. 1832W. Stephenson Gateshead Local Poems 32 I'll get My anvil a new facing. 1856J. H. Walsh Dom. Econ. (1857) 285 Exhausted tea leaves made up with..facing. 1875Sat. Rev. XL. 553/1 Green teas with a slight facing of colour. 1882Worc. Exhib. Catal. iii. 52 Nickel, brass, and steel facing for printing from.
b. esp. The external layer of stone or other material which forms the face of a wall, bank, etc. Also the corners, door-jambs, etc. of stone employed to set off a brick building.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 585 Facings, in joinery, those fixed parts of wood-work which cover the rough work of the interior sides of walls &c. 1841W. Spalding Italy & It. Isl. I. 303 Rubble work..the facing of which with stone has chiefly disappeared. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xx. 485 The older portions of..Merton College, many of which have perhaps been disfigured by modern facings. 1874Knight Dict. Mech., Facing (Hydraulic Engineering). a. Protection for the exposed faces of sea-walls and embankments..b. A layer of soil over the puddle, upon the sloping sides of a canal. 1876Gwilt Archit. 562 Walls are most commonly built with an ashlar facing. 1884J. T. Bent in Macm. Mag. Oct. 432/1 The facings and window cases of all the houses are of marble.
c. An external cover or protection.
1849Grote Greece ii. lxix. (1862) VI. 220 The horses also were defended by facings both over the breast and head. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xviii. 185 A small pane of glass, formerly the facing of a daguerreotype.
d. Founding. (See quot.)
1874Knight Dict. Mech., Facing (Founding), powder applied to the face of a mold which receives the metal. The object is to give a fine smooth surface to the casting. 1883T. D. West Amer. Foundry Practice 364 Sea-coal or bituminous facing is mixed in with sands for heavy casting..There is a limit to the percentage of facings to be mixed with the sand, which, if exceeded on the heavy castings, causes the iron to eat into the facing sand.
7. Mining. = cleat n. 5.
1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms Northumb. & Durh., Facing, a cleat. 1883in Gresley Coal-mining Gloss.
8. Brick-making. (See quot.)
1884C. T. Davis Bricks, Tiles, etc. (1889) 137 The opening through which the bricks are wheeled into the kiln, and hauled out after burning..is a ‘facing’..or ‘abutment’.
†9. The action of defacing or disfiguring; also the result of this; defacement, disfigurement. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 9215 Refresshing his face for facyng of teres.
10. attrib. and Comb., as facing-bar, facing-block, facing-board, facing-brick, facing-implement, facing-machine, facing-pavior, facing-tool; facing-loam, -sand (see quot.).
1904Goodchild & Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 214/1 *Facing bar or work bar, a smooth iron plate about 4 in. wide and the full width of the lace machine, over which the web of lace travels on its way to the roller.
1876Gwilt Archit. 555 An exterior *facing block of a better manufactured brick.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 843 In friable and shivery rocks there is put behind these beams..*facing boards, which are planks placed horizontally.., set so close together as to leave no interval.
1850Dobson Bricks & Tiles i. ii. 83 For *facing-bricks additional processes are employed. 1874Knight Dict. Mech., Facing-brick (Building), front or pressed brick.
1876Voyle Mil. Dict. (ed. 3), *Facing Implements, used for facing or renewing the vent and breech pieces of an Armstrong gun.
1881Wylie Iron Founding 13 Fine or *facing loam, used to form the face of the mould.
1884Knight Dict. Mech. IV. 324 *Facing Machine..a machine for dressing the faces..of mill-stones.
1904Goodchild & Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 214/1 *Facing paviors, hard burnt malms of good colour and shape.
1881Wylie Iron Founding 73 This coal-dust sand is termed ‘*facing sand’ as it..forms the face of the mould.
1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 204 *Facing tool.
▪ II. facing, ppl. a.|ˈfeɪsɪŋ|
That faces.
†1. Bold, audacious. Obs.
1566T. Stapleton Ret. Untr. Jewel i. 33 So outragious Untruthes, so facing falshoods. 1592Babington Comfort. Notes Genesis iii. §2 Thirdly, by a bold lye of a facing Diuell shee is pulled on to her destruction. 1624Bp. R. Montagu Gagg Pref. 9 Who opineth..that hee may..build his salvation upon the facing impudency of every light-skirt mountebanck.
2. That is opposite to. facing points (Railway): a pair of points which open towards the approaching train. Also attrib. (see quot. 1889).
1849Builder 3 Feb. 56/3 For the protection of the boxes for facing points from dust, rain, snow, &c. 1886Encycl. Brit. (ed. 9) XX. 238 Many accidents have been caused to trains by facing-points..turning the train unexpectedly into a siding. 1889G. Findlay Eng. Railway 75 The ‘Facing-Point-Lock’, which is a bar of iron working in connexion with facing points. |