| 释义 |
factitious, a.|fækˈtɪʃəs|
[f. L. factīci-us made by art (f. facĕre to make) + -ous.]
†1. Made by or resulting from art; artificial.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. i. 51 It becomes the chiefest ground for artificiall and factitious gemmes. 1685Boyle Salubr. Air 39 Beer, Ale, or other factitious drinks. 1769De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. I. 293 The Stones of which it [Stone-henge] was composed, are not factitious. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. I. 236 The one was a natural eminence..The other was a factitious mound. 1801J. Jones tr. Bygge's Trav. Fr. Rep. xv. 382 His factitious black lead pencils..are not prepared from the native ore, but a composition..of iron and sulphur.
†2. Of soil, etc.: Produced by special causes, not forming part of the original crust of the earth. Obs.
1684T. Burnet Th. Earth i. 137 Those [islands] I call factitious, that are not of the same date and antiquity with the sea, but have been made..by accidental causes. 1739C. Labelye Short Acc. Piers Westm. Bridge 7 This Bed of Sand, Mud and Dirt, is a factitious Bed. 1794S. Williams Vermont 80 Factitious soil, formed of decayed or rotten leaves. 1808Wilford Sacr. Isles in Asiat. Res. VIII. 298 The factitious soil of the Gangetic provinces..has been brought down by the alluvions of rivers.
3. Got up, made up for a particular occasion or purpose; arising from custom, habit, or design; not natural or spontaneous; artificial, conventional.
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. Pref., The Atheists Artificiall and Factitious Justice, is Nothing but Will and Words. 1748Hartley Observ. Man i. iv. 420 The factitious..Nature of these Pleasures. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. I. ix. 174 The use of gold and silver is in a great measure factitious. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 51 Factitious wants created by luxury. 1810Bentham Packing (1821) 67 The mass of factitious expence and delay ..with which the approaches to justice are clogged. 1848Mill Pol. Econ. i. xi. §4 Its acquisition was invested with a factitious value. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. ii. 23 Factitious grammatical signs. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. xviii. 106 The momentary and factitious joy which had greeted the day of William's crowning died utterly away.
Hence facˈtitiously adv., in a factitious manner. facˈtitiousness, the quality of being factitious.
1795Encycl. Brit. XIV. 478 There is no such Fear, as is factitiously pretended, of Popery and arbitrary Power. 1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. xxxiv. (1859) II. 279 Our factitiously complex..notions, are all merely so many products of Comparison. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. II. 59 Festivity, kept alive factitiously. 1668Wilkins Real Char. ii. i. §3. 28 Factitiousness, artificial, technical, made. 1883T. Hardy in Longm. Mag. July 257 As the day passes on..and he is still unhired, there does appear a factitiousness in the smile.
▸ Med. Of a disorder, symptom, or sign: feigned or self-induced by a patient. Later (Psychiatry): (designating any of a group of disorders) feigned or self-induced solely in order to obtain medical attention.
1882Nature 21 Dec. 192/1 Factitious purulent ophthalmia produced by the liquorice liana, or jequirity. 1886C. H. Fagge Princ. & Pract. Med. II. 758 We must never forget the possibility of the affection before us being factitious. 1968Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 18 569/1 Factitious illness is the appropriate diagnosis in patients who consciously distort their medical history and produce misleading physical findings and laboratory results through self-inflicted lesions. 1977New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 6 Jan. 23 (title) Urinary temperature: a clue to early diagnosis of factitious fever. 1980Diagnostic & Statist. Man. Mental Disorders (ed. 3) 285 In contrast [to malingering], in a Factitious Disorder there is no apparent goal other than to assume the patient role. 1994Jrnl. Internal Med. 236685 A literature survey suggests that factitious cardiovascular symptoms have become more frequent during recent decades. 2000Times 3 Feb. 15/2 There is, however, another group of psychiatric troubles with symptoms that can be confused with those of factitious disorders. |