| 释义 |
▪ I. farther, adv. and a.|ˈfɑːðə(r)|
Forms: 3–6 ferder, ferdre, 4 ferþer(e, 4–6 ferthere, 4–8 farder, 5– farther.
[ME. ferþer (whence by normal phonetic development farther) is in origin a mere variant of further, due prob. to the analogy of the vb. ferþren:—OE. fyrðrian to further. The primary sense of further, farther is ‘more forward, more onward’; but this sense is practically coincident with that of the comparative degree of far, where the latter word refers to real or attributed motion in some particular direction. Hence further, farther came to be used as the comparative of far; first in the special application just mentioned, and ultimately in all senses, displacing the regular comparative farrer. In standard Eng. the form farther is usually preferred where the word is intended to be the comparative of far, while further is used where the notion of far is altogether absent; there is a large intermediate class of instances in which the choice between the two forms is arbitrary.]
A. adv.
1. More forward; to or at a more advanced point.
a. in space, or in a course of procedure or development.
a1300Cursor M. 6831 (Gött.) Help him or þu ferþer wend. c1320Sir Tristr. 1491 He no may ferþer far. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. iv. iii. (1495) 81 The kynde dryenesse of the erthe suffryth not the fletynge reeses of the see passe ferder. c1400Destr. Troy 11748 Thou art no farder..thy fame for to lose, Þan I my lyffe were leuer leue in þe plase. c1460Towneley Myst. 276 We may no farther walk. 1508Fisher Wks. (1876) 281 Or we procede ony ferder. 1548Hall Chron. 161 b, The capitaines folowed no farther the chace. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle ii. 845 The foole Was never farther than the grammer schoole. 1695Woodward Nat. Hist. Earth i. (1723) 5 Having little Prospect of..carrying on these observations any farther. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 130, I shall run no farther into this Argument. 1883H. Martineau Charmed Sea i 5 If you can bear your load no farther, say so. 1876Gladstone Homeric Synchr. 12, I wish..to carry the affirmative portion of my propositions greatly farther.
b. in time: Longer.
1548Forrest Pleas. Poesye 26 As Ferdre in reigne grue their contynuance. 1640–1Kirkcudbr. War-Comm. Min. Bk. (1855) 42 Until the next Committie day, and farder during thair plessor. 1711Addison Spect. No. 120 ⁋5 Some Creatures cast their Eggs as Chance directs them, and think of them no farther. 1802M. Edgeworth Moral T. (1816) I. vii. 45 Then we need argue no farther.
c. farther gone: at a more advanced stage.
1708Swift Sacramental Test Wks. 1824 VIII. 355 The Observator is..farther gone of late in lyes than his Presbyterian brother.
2. To a greater extent, more completely.
1513More in Grafton Chron. II. 774 Yet feare I no farther then the law feareth. 1585James I Ess. Poesie (Arb.) 21 Not doubting..but you will accept my..trauellis in good parte, (sen I requyre no farder). 1610Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 33 Sit downe For thou must now know farther. 1789Bentham Princ. Legisl. xvii. §7 Punishment cannot act any farther than in as far as the idea of it..is present in the mind.
3. In addition, also, besides, moreover.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 345 Se we ferþer hou þis stiward may erre in ordenaunce of the Chirche. 1413Lydg. Pilgr. Sowle iv. xxviii. (1483) 75 He knoweth al thynge, therfore there is nought ferther to seken by discours. 1486Certificate in Surtees Misc. (1890) 46 And ferder entenditte to examyne in that behalve. 1562Winzet Cert. Tractates i. Wks. 1888 I. 13 Farder, sen all man hes this word reformatioun in mothe..we [etc.]. 1652Milton in Four C. Eng. Lett. 99 And have this farder, which I thought my parte to let you know of, that [etc.]. 1719De Foe Crusoe II. i. 2 Nay farther, the common Motive of foreign Adventures was taken away. 1794Fletcher's Wks. VII. Pref. 6 The Reader is farther requested, to remember that [etc.].
4. To or at a greater distance; by a greater interval. to wish (any one) farther.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. II. 107 Ech man shulde sue him or ferþere or nerþere. 1489Caxton Fayttes of A. iv. xvii. 280 It is ferder from the lyght more than eny of the other colours be. 1578Lyte Dodoens i. lii. 76 The leaves be..standing farder asunder one from another. 1586Cogan Haven Health (1636) 135 Flesh of a drie complexion is better neere calving time than farder from it. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xiv. (1806) 71 He could hop on one leg farther than I. 1782F. Burney Diary 12 Aug., Miss Plauta..only wished the maid farther for never finding us out till we began to be comfortable without her. 1821Keats Isabel iii, He would catch Her beauty farther than the falcon spies. 1847Halliwell s.v., I'll be farther if I do it, i.e. I won't do it. 1876J. Parker Paracl. i. vii. 106 Can anything be farther from theology..than stone-cutting?
5. Comb., as farther-spreading adj.
1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. IV. liii. 90 The expression of something..with..farther-spreading roots.
B. adj.
†1. Prior, anterior; front; = further a. 1. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. ii. (1495) 104 Kynde settith in the eyen in the ferder and the ouer partie of the beest. 1534Whitinton Tullyes Offices i. (1540) 16 Where as there be two maners of contencions..the ferther is appropried unto man, the seconde unto wylde beestes. Ibid. iii. 117 Of the two farther maners Panecius did declare in thre bookes. Of the thyrde maner he wrote [etc.].
2. More extended, going beyond what already exists or has been dealt with, additional, more.
c1520Sir W. Godolphin in Ellis Orig. Lett. iii. II. 218, I coud not macke no fferder serche. 1548Hall Chron. 117 b, Avoydyng farther effusion of christen bloud. 1641Hinde J. Bruen xlvi. 146 For the clearing of this point, and the farther satisfaction of such as delight therein. 1704Swift T. Tub Apol., There is one farther objection made by those who have answered this book. 1768Goldsm. Good-n. Man iv. i, For fear he should ask farther questions. 1802M. Edgeworth Moral T. (1816) I. 209 The king took no farther notice of what had happened. 1837Dickens Pickw. xii, Down he sat without farther bidding.
3. a. More distant, remoter.
1568Grafton Chron. II. 332 The farther syde of London. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus' Ann. 83 The Hierocæsarienses fetchte their matter from a farther beginning. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xxxiv. 207 To hinder them from a farther prospect. 1675Ashmole Diary (1774) 348 Great pain in my farther tooth, on the left side of my upper jaw. 1743Pope Thebais 420 Whose ghost..Expects its passage to the farther strand. 1754Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. xiv. 367 These Gifts were subservient to a farther end.
b. Farther East = Far East.
1876Fraser's Mag. Jan. 1/2 There came another thunderclap tending once more to direct men's eyes from the near to the farther East. 1902A. T. Mahan Retrospect & Prospect 160 It is..the principal sea route between Europe and the Farther East.
▪ II. farther, v. Now rare.|ˈfɑːðə(r)|
Also 7 farder.
[The regular phonetic descendant in standard Eng. of ME. ferþre-n: see further v.]
trans. To help forward, promote, favour, assist (an action, movement, etc., rarely, † a person); = further v.
a1000–1390 [For examples of the forms with fer- (OE. fyr-) see further v.]. 1570North Doni's Mor. Philos. (1888) III. 197 That I might..farther and aduance my poore familie. 1605Carew in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 100, I praie that yow wilbe pleased to farder the motion. 1651Hobbes Govt. & Soc. i. §2. 6 Though the benefits of this life may be much farthered by mutuall help. 1703S. Centlivre Bean's Duel i. ii, I love mischief so well, I can refuse nothing that farthers that. 1846Ruskin Mod. Paint. II iii. i. xv. §9 It has been said..that the sense of beauty never farthered the performance of a single duty.
absol.1579Digges Stratiot. v. 10 This..is sufficient for Division, more woulde rather discourage than farther. 1669A. Browne Ars Pict. (1675) 9 The more the capacity is wanting, the more my Labour will farther, when need requireth. |