| 释义 |
federales, n.
Brit. |fɛd(ə)ˈrɑːleɪz|, |fɛd(ə)ˈrɑːliz|, U.S. |ˌfɛd(ə)ˈrɑliz|
Forms: also with capital initial.
[‹ American Spanish federales, plural of federal (although only attested later than in English: c 1840 in sense 1; 1902 in sense 2a), spec. uses as noun of federal federal adj.
The singular form federale (see sense 2b) has been inferred from the plural form in English.]
1. In Argentina in the early and mid 19th cent.: (collectively) the advocates or supporters of a devolved or federal (rather than centralized) system of government. Cf. unitario n. Now hist.
1829Trumpet & Universalist Mag. 4 July 3/2 The accounts vary as to the dispositions of the majority of the people: some..stating them to be..Unitarians, while others think they incline to the Federales. 1891Harper's Mag. May 867/2 The Unitarios, who favored a centralized government and progress, and the Federales, who favored the perpetuation of provincial power and the old order. 1950Hispanic Amer. Hist. Rev. 30 176 During the Rosas dictatorship, Sarmiento was a leader of the exiled unitarios while Urquiza was a leader of the provincial federales. 2000D. López-Alves State Formation & Democracy in Lat. Amer., 1810–1900 iii. 122 In Argentina, Unitarios and Federales wanted different things, with liberals supporting stronger state integration and federalists opposing it.
2.
a. In Mexico: (originally) the national army; (now usually) a federal law enforcement agency; the members of such an agency collectively. Also in extended use, often in Spanish-speaking contexts: (the members of) an American federal agency, esp. the FBI.
1899Los Angeles Times 24 Sept. v. 2/1 The ‘Federales’ sent from the City of Mexico may not be the pick and flower of the army. 1939Chillicothe (Missouri) Constit.-Tribune 24 May 2/3 The gringo federales have bluffed and been very lucky. 1971R. Moisés et al. Yaqui Life (1977) iii. 49 His two brothers..went on to Naco on the train and were killed by booby traps left by the Federales. 1977Washington Post (Nexis) 28 July d9 Holstead visited the island time after time.., never once making any of the tiny slips that would have given him away to the islanders, who for generations have handed down the fine art of sniffing out federales. 1989T. Clancy Clear & Present Danger vii. 129 The FBI, that is your federales. 1991S. Cisneros Woman Hollering Creek 102 We hide ourselves as best as we can when the federales arrive.
b. colloq. In sing. form federale. A Mexican federal law enforcement agent. Also in extended use: an American federal agent.
1973Van Nuys (Calif.) News (Central Valley ed.) 23 Nov. 37 a/4 Both helping and hindering Kilpatrick in his pursuit of Brand is a Mexican Federale played by Al Lettieri. 1989Washington Post 11 June f8/3 Michael and Laura turned Leo over to the Mexican authorities where he was wanted for killing a Federale. 1995TriQuarterly (Nexis) 22 Mar. That nasty crud [sc. cigarettes] is what killed me. That and a bullet from a federale's.357 magnum. 2006T. Hayden River's Edge 135 Must have been a federale, huh? Did the man you killed work for the government? |