| 释义 |
affectation|æfɛkˈteɪʃən|
[ad. (directly or through Fr. affectation, 16th c. in Litt.) L. affectātiōn-em a pursuit after, an aspiring to, f. affectā-re: see affect v.1 Sense 6 is a direct adoption of one sense of Fr. affectation. See affect v.2 5.]
†1. A striving after, aiming at; a desire to obtain, earnest pursuit. Const. of. Obs.
1549Sir W. Paget in Strype Eccl. Mem. (1816) II. 295 His opinion to be good to the poor, and affectation of the good word of the commons. 1608–11Bp. Hall Medit. (1627) iii. 95 To be caried away with an affectation of fame is so vaine and absurd. 1617J. Rider, Affectation, a curious desire of a thing which nature has not given, Affectatio. 1659Pearson Creed (1839) 293 Pretended sedition and affectation of the crown. 1711Steele Spect. No. 6 ⁋4 The Affectation of being Gay and in Fashion, has very nearly eaten up our Good Sense and our Religion.
†2. Inclination towards, affection, liking, fondness (of). Obs.
1607Topsell Four-footed Beasts (1673) 390 No conscience of religion can avert the monstrous love of delights from the affectation of men. 1641F. Greville Disc. Nat. Episc. i. ii. 4 If a Minister once come to lose the heart and affectations of his people. 1795Gibbon Autobiogr. in Misc. Wks. (1814) I. 115 Nor was I displeased at her preference and affectation of the manners, the language, and the literature of France.
3. A displayed or ostentatious fondness for; studied display of.
1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Paraphr. 371 Affectation of eloquence. 1600B. Jonson Cynthia Rev. v. i. 6 The affectation Of an enforc'd, and form'd austeritie. 1686Dryden Hind & P. i. 395 Affectation of an ancient line. 1716–8Lady M. W. Montague Lett. I. xxv. 80 It was not an affectation of showing my reading. 1855Prescott Philip II, i. ii. (Routl.) 29 His dress..was rich and elegant, but without any affectation of ornament. 1861T. Wright Ess. Archæol. II. xiv. 60 This affectation of Latin reached its greatest height in..the reign of James I.
4. Artificial or non-natural assumption of behaviour; artificiality (of manner); putting on of airs.
1593Nashe Christ's Teares 2 a, The superfluous affectation of my prophane puft vp phrase. 1598Shakes. Merry W. i. i. 152 What phrase is this, He heares with eare? Why, it is affectations. 1642Howell For. Trav. (1869) 63 Hee must abhorre all affectations, all forced postures and complements. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. I. xxii. 616 His simplicity was not exempt from affectation. 1827Carlyle Misc. I. 10 The essence of affectation is that it be assumed. 1872Black Adv. of Phaeton iii. 29 Her pretty affectations of petulance.
5. As that which is artificial is often unreal, this passes imperceptibly into, Unreal assumption; hollow or false display; simulation, pretence.
1581Sidney Def. Poesie (1622) 527 That hony-flowing matron Eloquence, apparelled, or rather disguised in a curtisan-like painted affectation. 1625Bacon Ess. xxxviii. (1862) 160 A Mans Nature is best perceived in Privatenesse, for there is no Affectation. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 20 ⁋1 Affectation, or a perpetual disguise of the real character by fictitious appearances. 1866J. Martineau Ess. I. 191 Their profession..becomes an empty affectation. 1873Buckle Civilis. III. v. 321 Some people affect to carry on trade for the good of others; but this is mere affectation.
†6. Special application, destination, or attribution. Obs. rare.
1611Cotgr., Nantissement..a publicke, or legall affectation, fastening, appointing, or pointing out of one thing for the securitie or indemnitie of another. |