| 释义 |
‖ Tipula Entom.|ˈtɪpjʊlə|
Pl. tipulæ |-liː|.
[L. tippula (incorrectly tipula) a water-spider or water-bug; so used also by mediæval and early modern writers. The current use is due to Linnæus.]
A genus of dipterous insects, typical of the family Tipulidæ or crane-flies, the common British species of which are familiarly known as daddy-long-legs.[1658Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 1023 We shall take Gaza's Tipulæ into our consideration among the Water-worms. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Tipula (Lat.), a Water-spider with six Feet, that runs on the top of the Water without sinking. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxiii. (1818) II. 371 Linné, in his Lapland tour, noticed a black Tipula which ran over the water, and turned round like a Gyrinus.] 1752J. Hill Hist. Anim. 36 The great Tipula. This is the largest and the most beautiful of the Tipula kind. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VIII. 152 The tipula is a harmless peaceful insect, that offers injury to nothing; the gnat is sanguinary and predaceous. 1831Brit. Farmer's Mag. VI. 321 The grub of this tipula commits its ravages chiefly in the first crop.
Hence tipularian |-ˈɛərɪən| a., belonging or allied to the genus Tipula or family Tibulidæ; also as n. (sc. insect); tipulary |ˈtɪpjʊlərɪ| a. = prec. adj.; ˈtipulid, tiˈpulidan, a. belonging to the family Tipulidæ; n. an insect of this family, a crane-fly; tipuˈlideous a. = prec. adj.
1828*Tipularian [see tipulidan].
1832Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. xviii. (1836) 248 On the streams..the *tipulary flies do not make their appearance. 1852Th. Ross Humboldt's Trav. II. xxiv. 438 Perhaps, also, the destruction of forests..will somewhat tend to diminish the torment of the tipulary insects.
1893Athenæum 20 May 641/2 Dicranota, a Carnivorous *Tipulid Larva. 1951C. N. Colyer Flies Brit. Isles xxv. 317 It will seem a far cry from the large, long-winged, long-legged Tipulids. 1976Nature 22 Jan. 251/2 There is no evidence that hen grouse do eat tipulids during incubation.
1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxii. (1818) II. 277 The grub of a kind of gnat.., and also another, probably of the *Tipulidan [ed. 1828 Tipularian] tribe.., have each a fleshy leg on the underside of the first segment. 1826Ibid. III. xxix. 79 The eggs of..gnats and other Tipulidans [are] set afloat upon, or submerged in, the water.
1840Westwood Classif. Insects II. 170 Checking the over-production of some of the minute *Tipulideous insects. |