| 释义 |
▪ I. fighting, vbl. n.|ˈfaɪtɪŋ|
[f. fight v. + -ing1.]
1. The action of the vb. fight in various senses; an instance of the same.
a1225Ancr. R. 228 Þe ueorðe uroure is, sikernesse of Godes helpe iðe vihtunge aȝein. 1340Ayenb. 239 He hedde arered and ymad manye werren and manye viȝtinges. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop, etc. (1889) II. 310 The fyghtynge of the wymmen. 1535Coverdale 1 Esdras iv. 6 The other yt medle not with warres and fightinge. 1724De Foe Mem. Cavalier (1840) 58, I have had fighting enough..upon these points of honour. 1828–40Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) I. 172 It was impossible to come to close fighting. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. xviii. 231 While they were..receiving the rewards of their fightings.
†2. An alleged designation for a company of beggars. Obs.
1486Bk. St. Albans F vj b, A Fightyng of beggers.
3. attrib. and Comb.
a. simple attrib., as fighting-day, fighting-face, fighting-gear, fighting-ground, fighting-line, fighting-order, fighting-ship, fighting-song, fighting-strength, fighting-trim, fighting weight.
1778Biog. Brit. (ed. 2) I. 240 note, He was a coward who had his *fighting days.
1879Browning Halbert & Hob 58 With an outburst blackening still the old bad *fighting-face.
1816Scott Pibroch of Donuil Dhu, Come with your *fighting gear, Broadswords and targes.
1845James A. Neil vii, We might contrive to get into better *fighting ground.
1883Daily News 21 Sept. 5/4 Detachments..all in full *fighting order.
1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 185 No *fighting ship is worth anything now-a-days without coal and speed.
1872Black Adv. Phaeton xxviii. 379 Now this is a *fighting song.
1580Sidney Ps. xviii. 11 My *fighting strength, by thy strength, strengthned was.
1886J. K. Laughton in Dict. Nat. Biog. VI. 387/1 The urgent necessity of keeping the ship at all times in perfect *fighting trim.
1884Boy's Own Paper 2 Feb. 275/1 Twelve stone two was his *fighting weight. 1938L. A. G. Strong Shake Hands iv. 43 Willard's height was six feet five, and his fighting weight in the neighbourhood of seventeen stone.
b. Special comb.: fighting chair U.S., a fixed chair on a launch, for use when catching large fish; fighting chance, an opportunity of succeeding by great effort; fighting-cock, see cock n.1 2 b.; fighting drunk, -tight adjs., colloq., drunk to a state of quarrelsomeness; fighting-field = battle-field; fighting-fit a., fit to fight; fit enough to take part in a fight; hence fighting-fitness; fighting fund, a sum of money raised to finance a cause or campaign; fighting-lanterns, lanterns used during night actions; fighting mad a. colloq. (orig. U.S.), furiously angry (cf. mad a. 5); fighting-sails (see quot. 1867); † fighting-school, a gymnasium; † fighting-stead Sc., battle-field; fighting-stopper Naut. (see quot.); fighting-top Naut., a circular platform placed at an elevation on the mast of a warship, on which guns and armed men can be stationed; † fighting-wise, battle array.
1950Gabrielson & La Monte Fisherman's Encycl., Note the fishing chair—or ‘*fighting chair’ as they are sometimes called. 1967L. James Chameleon File (1968) ix. 110 He walked over to a revolving chair bolted to the deck... ‘This is the throne from which we catch the marlin... It is called a ‘fighting chair’.’
1889Kansas Times & Star 20 Feb., With a somewhat divided party, but having a *fighting chance of success. 1894Outing (U.S.) XXIV. 295/1 The captain decided to..land the sailor so as to give him a fighting chance for his life in the hospital. 1894Congress. Rec. 1 Feb. 1786/1 He can not be beaten out of hand. He will have a fighting chance. 1971‘H. Calvin’ Poison Chasers xiii. 170 To concoct some fiendish scheme that might like give youse a fightin' chance.
1908Daily Chron. 17 Nov. 4/7 Those who are acting like hooligans or who are ‘*fighting’ drunk. 1909Westm. Gaz. 1 Oct. 3/3 Jim's Sarah she come 'ome fighting drunk the other night.
1676Dryden Aurengz. ii. i. 935 In *Fighting Fields, where our Acquaintance grew.
1891Kipling Life's Handicap 313 He did not feel *fighting-fit that morning. 1963Lancet 19 Jan. 174/1 Weatherbeaten ‘fighting fit’ soldiers.
1894H. Drummond Ascent of Man 267 Fitness in the stormy days of the world's animal youth was necessarily *fighting-fitness.
1940Economist 9 Mar. 411/2 The additional proposal that each industry should raise a ‘*fighting fund’ to assist its exporters. 1940N. Marsh Death at Bar ii. 31 Another ten bob for the fighting fund.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Fighting-lanterns.
1896W. James Let. 5 Feb. (1920) II. 32 If any other country's ruler had expressed himself with equal moral ponderosity would n't the population have gone twice as *fighting-mad as ours? 1952A. Grimble Pattern of Islands 86 Otherwise..the spell..could not succeed in sending Biribe fighting-mad.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. xii. 58 If you see your chase strip himselfe into *fighting sailes. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Fighting-sails, those to which a ship is reduced when going into action; formerly implying the courses and topsails only.
1535Coverdale 2 Macc. iv. 12 He durst make a *fightinge scole vnder y⊇ castell.
1375Barbour Bruce xv. 378 [He] wes ded richt in that ilk *fechting-sted.
1881Hamersly's Naval Encycl., *Fighting-stopper, an arrangement of two dead-eyes, connected by rope laniards, and furnished each with a tail of rope. When a shroud is parted in action, the tails embrace the severed parts, and then they are hauled together by the laniard.
a1889Chicago Tribune (Barrère & Leland), A quarter of a dollar would buy enough sour mash to make an ordinary man *fighting tight.
1896Naval Annual i. 32 The foremast has two *fighting-tops... The mainmast has only one fighting-top. 1915Nature XCVI. 182/1 On board our battleships a range-finder of this kind is placed in one of the fighting-tops on the masts. 1958O. Warner Portrait Ld. Nelson xii. 352 Fired from above, from a fighting top in the Redoutable, it [sc. a cannon-ball] had penetrated deep into Nelson's chest.
c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 267 Had I founded in fere, in *feȝtyng wyse, I haue a hauberghe at home and a helme boþe.
▪ II. fighting, ppl. a.|ˈfaɪtɪŋ|
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
1. That fights, able and ready to fight, bearing arms, militant, warlike.
a. of persons, their attributes, etc.
a1340Hampole Psalter xiv. 1 Tabernakill propirly is þe mansyon of feghtand men. c1400Apol. Loll. 3 Þis fiȝting kirke. a1400Arthur 318 Þowsandez ten Of hardy & welle fyghtyng Men. c1500Melusine 128, xxti thousand fyghtyng men. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. iv. 113 O step betweene her, and her fighting Soule. 1663Gerbier Counsel 59 No more..then Souldiers fight without a fighting Captain. 1855Macaualy Hist. Eng. III. 233 The fighting men of the garrison.
fig.1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 345 To note the fighting conflict of her hew, How white and red, ech other did destroy.
b. of natural or mechanical agents.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 404 On folde no flesch styryed þat þe flod nade al freten with feȝtande waȝez. 1641Wilkins Math. Magick ii. iv. (1648) 173 These fighting images. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 1015 The shock Of fighting Elements.
c. Of words or speeches. Also transf. colloq. (orig. U.S.).
1876‘Mark Twain’ Tom Sawyer i. 9 You're a fighting liar, and darn't take it up. 1917R. W. Lardner Gullible's Travels 209 You know they's lots o' words that's called fightin' words. Some o' them starts a brawl, no matter who they're spoke to. 1930Economist 23 Aug. 374/2 The trade..has a direct interest in the possible findings of the Royal Commission on Licensing, and ‘fighting’ speeches..should possibly be interpreted with due reference to this fact. 1959Listener 12 Feb. 302/3 Tom Fallon..came out with fighting if rather catchpenny words.
d. Fighting French, a name given to the Free French armed forces during the German occupation of France in the 1939–45 war.
1943New Statesman 20 Nov. 327/1 Between them, the people of the Lebanon and the Fighting French have made an ugly problem for each other and for us. 1957Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 791O/1 Outside France, Gen. Charles de Gaulle had started his ‘Free French’ (later ‘Fighting French’) movement as early as June 18, 1940.
2. Comb.: fighting crab (see quot. 1868); fighting fish, a Siamese fish (Betta pugnax); fighting sandpiper, the ruff (Machetes pugnax).
1868Wood Homes without H. iv. 90 The Fighting Crab (Gelasimus bellator).
Hence ˈfightingly adv., pugnaciously.
1632Brome Northern Lasse i. iii, She frown'd..and look'd fightingly. 1841J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 60 Why should they be so fightingly inclined? |