| 释义 |
ˈfire-stone
[OE. fýrstán (= Ger. feuerstein), f. fýr, fire + stán, stone.]
†1. A stone capable of being used in striking fire:
a. A popular name for iron pyrites.
b. A flint, esp. the flint of a fire-lock. Obs.
c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 148 Pirites, uel focaris lapis, fyrstan. c1440Promp. Parv. 161/2 Fyyr⁓stone, for to smyte wythe fyre, focaris. 1579Lily Euphues (Arb.) 121 Y⊇ fire-stone in Liguria, though it be quenched with milke, yet againe it is kindled with water. 1671J. Webster Metallogr. 114 Marchasites or Fire Stones. 1728J. Woodward Catal. Fossils (1729) I. 176 In Yorkshire, where these [Pyritæ] are called Fire-Stones. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. ix. 246 Iron pyrites..shared with flint, the name of Fire-stone.
b.1530Palsgr. 220/2 Fyre stone, pierre a fev. 1586Withals Dict. H vij/2 A fire-stone to strike fire with, silex. 1700J. A. Astry tr. Saavedra-Faxardo I. 283 The Prince's Heart should resemble the Fire-stone or Flint. 1833J. Holland Manuf. Metal II. v. 87 Afterwards a firestone was screwed into the cock..This ‘firestone’ was not at first of a vitreous nature..but a compact pyrites or marcasite.
2. a. A stone that resists the action of fire; one used for lining furnaces, ovens, etc. b. A local name for certain calcareous sandstones found in the carboniferous and cretaceous strata. c. A local name for granite, tufa, etc.
a.c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 805 Hic abbestus a fyirstone. 1651R. Child in Hartlib's Legacy (1655) 75 Sandy stones commonly called fire-stones, because they will endure strong fires. 1674I. Sturdie in Phil. Trans. XVII. 696 A Wall of the best Fire-stone to keep off the force of the Fire from the Walls of the Furnace. 1702Savery Miner's Friend 26 The Furnace being made of..Fire-stone. 1862G. P. Scrope Volcanos 384 Employed, under the name of Bakofenstein, as a fire-stone for the lining of ovens.
b.1707Mortimer Husb. vi. 95 Any soft Stone as Fire-stone, Limestone, etc., if broke small, and laid on cold Lands, must be of advantage. 1833Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 286 An inferior deposit called, provincially, ‘Firestone,’ and by English geologists the ‘Upper green-sand.’ 1839Murchison Silur. Syst. i. xxxiv. 452 A subordinate band of reddish sandstone, the firestone of the country people. 1892Simmonds Dict. Trade Suppl., Firestone, a local name in Surrey for the soft calcareous sandstone..sold..under the name of hearthstone.
c.1776G. Semple Building in Water 56 The Carriage⁓way..was to be paved with Fire-stone. 1860Ecclesiologist XXI. 143 The walling generally is built of a volcanic stone called [in the West Indies] firestone.
3. A hearth-stone.
1613Rovenzon Treat. Metal. D iij, The furnace may bee pulled downe, & a new fire-stone or hearth put in. 1842S. C. Hall Ireland II. 6 The stones..have been removed by the peasantry to make ‘Fire-stones.’ |