| 释义 |
▪ I. rebuke, n.|rɪˈbjuːk|
Also 5 rebeuc, 6 rebuk, Sc. rebuik.
[f. the vb.]
†1. A shameful or disgraceful check; a shame or disgrace. Obs. (Common in 15th c., esp. in phr. to put to a rebuke.)
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 258 Behold the rebukys that do me so menace. c1470Gregory Chron. (Camden) 197 That yere the Pope put that hethyn hounde..to a grete rebuke. 1470–85Malory Arthur ix. iv, The rebukes that sir Launcelot dyd vnto many knyghtes causeth them that be men of prowesse to beware.
†b. Without a or pl.: Shame, disgrace, reproach. Obs. (Common in 16th c.)
1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 19 To the grete rebuke and disclaunder of the seid Crafte. a1533Ld. Berners Huon xlvii. 160 We shall do hym all the shame and rebuke that we can. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 174 He dyd not stayne ne putte to lacke or rebuke hys royall autoritie. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. i. 55 For great rebuke it is love to despise.
2. Reproof, reprimand.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 127 Scorne and rebuke cast in his visage, He..sayde nothyng therto. c1515Cocke Lorell's B. 8 On your owne sleue to wype your nose Without rebuke takynge. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, v. i. 111 If he will not yeeld, Rebuke and dread correction waite on vs. 1611Bible Prov. xiii. 1 A wise sonne heareth his fathers instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke. 1671Milton P.R. i. 468 Sharply thou hast insisted on rebuke. 1781Cowper Expost. 397 Hast thou..Despising all rebuke, still persevered. 1844Mrs. Browning Drama of Exile Poems 1850 I. 48 God hath rebuked us, who is over us, To give rebuke or death.
b. With a and pl. (the commonest use): A reproof, a reprimand.
1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (Percy Soc.) 47 Thou shalt at the least way rebukes soure abide. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 424 b, It is incredible, with what rebukes and railinges y⊇ people received hym. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. v. 48 Shee's a Lady So tender of rebukes, that words are stroke[s]. 1667Milton P.L. iv. 844 So spake the Cherube, and his grave rebuke..added grace Invincible. 1784Cowper Task ii. 720 His gentle eye Grew stern, and darted a severe rebuke. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville III. 66 The only punishment this desperado met with, was a rebuke from the leader of the party. 1877Sparrow Serm. xx. 272 The very existence of these forms in our Prayer Book is a standing rebuke of the selfish ingratitude of those who [etc.].
†3.
a. A check, stop.
b. A severe blow.
c. Reproof or correction by a blow. Obs. rare.
1615W. Lawson Country Housew. Gard. (1626) 27 The sap in graffing receiues a rebuke, and cannot worke so strongly. 1692R. L'Estrange Fables i. xxxvii. 36 [The horse] gave him so Terrible a Rebuke upon the Forehead with his Heel, that he laid him at his Length. 1712Steele Spect. No. 436 ⁋9 Miller's Heat laid him open to the Rebuke of the calm Buck, by a large Cut in the Forehead.
▪ II. rebuke, v.|rɪˈbjuːk|
Also 4 rebuk(k, -bouk, -buyk, -bukie, 5 rebuck.
[a. AF. (Langtoft) and ONF. rebuker = OF. rebuch(i)er (Godef.), f. re- re- + bucher to beat, strike. (Connexion with ONF. rebouquer, F. reboucher, to blunt, is doubtful.)]
†1. trans. To beat down or force back; to repress or check (a person); to repulse. Obs.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 180, I am now comen here, Þise Sarazins to rebuke [F. destrure], & slo at my powere. Ibid. 194 Rebuke [F. rebuke(z] him for þat ilk of þat auauntrie. 1380Sir Ferumb. 4692 Þ⊇ frensche to þam shute & caste, & rebuked hem foule with-ynne. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 204 Anoone..he rebukid the forsayden breenys and bourkeyns..and ham to Pees reformed. c1500Melusine 252 Two of his knightes..proudly rebuckyd Claudes men with theire speres. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. vi. 128 Wee could haue rebuk'd him at Harflewe. 1605― Macb. iii. i. 56 Vnder him My Genius is rebuk'd, as it is said Mark Anthonies was by Cæsar.
†b. To check, repress (a quality, action, etc.).
1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 28 The holynes of the chyrche & deuoute prayers made therin..rebuketh the boldnes of the fende. 1584Cogan Haven Health ccxv. (1636) 232 The drinke being cold, it rebuketh naturall heat that is working. 1595Shakes. John ii. i. 9 Hether is he come..to rebuke the vsurpation Of thy vnnatural Vncle, English John.
†c. To beat, buffet. Obs. rare.
1611Beaum. & Fl. King & No King iv. iii, A head rebuked With pots of all size, daggers, stools, and bed-staves.
2. To reprove, reprimand, chide severely. Sometimes const. for, † of (a fault).
c1325Lai le Freine 75 The knight..was sore agramed, And rebouked his leuedy. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 371 Repentance riȝte so rebuked hym þat tyme. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton) ii. lviii. (1859) 56 Why shold the ashes be blamed, or rebuked for theyr vnthryftynesse? 1486Bk. St. Albans B iij b, Iff ye haue a chastised hounde that will be rebuket. c1500H. Medwall Nature (Brandl) 517 These .ii. folk..euer enbesyeth theym to rebuke you of syn. 1574tr. Marlorat's Apocalips 13 To rebuke al such as are vngodly for al the works which they haue done wickedly. 1608Shakes. Per. iii. i. 1 Thou god of this great vast, rebuke these surges. 1611Bible Luke iv. 39 He stood ouer her, and rebuked the feuer, & it left her. 1676Hobbes Iliad i. 510 And angry him rebuk't with Language keen. 1738Wesley Ps. lxxxviii. ii, Rebuke these Storms, and set me safe on Land. 1791Cowper Iliad v. 514 Him thus the Archer of the skies rebuked. 1834Lytton Pompeii i. ii, ‘Thy heart rebukes thee while thou speakest’, said the Egyptian. 1883Froude Short Stud. IV. i. vi. 70 He rebuked them for their cowardice and want of faith.
absol.1535Coverdale Ps. lxxiii[i]. 18 Remembre this..how the enemie rebuketh. 1611Bible Amos v. 10 They hate him that rebuketh in the gate.
b. To express blame or reprehension of (a quality, action, etc.) by reproof or reprimand addressed to persons.
1529More Supplic. Soulys Wks. 335/2 Albeit we cannot well..rebuke or blame this negligence and forgeatfulnes in you. 1550Crowley Langland's P. Pl. To Reader, There is no maner of vice..whiche this wryter hath not godly, learnedlye, and wittilye rebuked. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. xii. 69 The Palmer..much rebukt those wandring eyes of his. 1632Quarles Div. Fancies ii. vi. 49 His indulgent tongue Compounded rather than rebuk'd the wrong. 1784Cowper Task vi. 655 The Muse perhaps..rebukes a deed Less impious than absurd. 1821Shelley Hellas 928, I must rebuke This drunkenness of triumph ere it die. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 131 Parmenides rebukes this want of consistency in Socrates.
c. transf. or fig. of things.
1611Shakes. Wint. T. v. iii. 37 Do's not the Stone rebuke me, For being more Stone then it? 1728Young Love Fame iii. 76 Impatient art rebukes the sun's delay. 1859Whittier My Psalm iv, The manna dropping from God's hand Rebukes my painful care. 1876J. Parker Paracl. i. viii. 134 Holy and unblamable lives, whereby ungodly men are silently rebuked and instructed.
†3. To treat lightly, despise. Obs. rare.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 246 Þis Reseamiraduk, als fole & onwise, His letter gan rebuk, sette it at light prise. 1485Caxton Paris & V. (1868) 14, I wyl be lothe to see the beaulte of my lady vyenne to be rebuked.
†4. To put to shame, bring into contempt. Obs.—1
1529More Dyaloge iii. Wks. 228/1 The order is rebuked by the priestes begging and lewde liuing.
†5. Falconry. To check (a hawk). Obs.
1575Turberv. Faulconrie 121 Take heede that you caste not your lewre into the water, least she shoulde thereby be rebuked. Ibid. 134, 141, etc.
▪ III. rebuke
obs. Sc. form of roebuck. |