| 释义 |
‖ torula Biol.|ˈtɔːjuːlə, ˈtɒruː-|
Pl. -æ |-iː|.
[mod.L. dim. (with change of gender) of torus (sense 3): cf. F. torule masc.]
lit. A small rounded swelling or bulge. a. Each of the minute rounded cells of various fungi or microbes, as the yeast-plant and certain endoparasitic organisms; also, a chain of such cells. b. (With capital initial.) A genus of fungi, chiefly fermentative. (Introd. by Persoon, 1796.)
1833Hooker Brit. Flora II. ii. 359 (Genus) Tórula. Pers. Sporidia chained together into moniliform erect flocci. 1860Berkeley Brit. Fungology 326 Torula, P. Spores tomiparous, simple. 1861H. Macmillan Footn. Page of Nat. 243 In all saccharine fluids undergoing the alcoholic and even the acetous fermentation these minute torulæ or yeast-cells make their appearance. 1875Huxley & Martin Elem. Biol. i. 2 Each granule [of yeast] (which is termed a Torula) is..a round, or oval, transparent body... The Torulæ are either single, or associated in heaps or strings. Ibid. iv. 26 Bacteria, like Torulæ and Protococci, are not killed by drying up, and from their excessive minuteness they must be carried about still more easily than Torulæ are.
Hence torulaceous |-ˈleɪʃəs| a., consisting of torulæ; belonging to the order Torulacei of fungi; ˈtoruliˌform a. (erron. torulaform: see -form), having the form of a torula or chain of rounded cells, moniliform; ˈtoruloid a., resembling a torula; belonging or allied to the genus Torula; hence toruˈlosis Path. [-osis] = cryptococcosis.
1876tr. Schützenberger's Ferment. 205 The *torulaceous growth is developed with difficulty, and the transformation is very slow.
1876tr. Wagner's Gen. Pathol. (ed. 6) 92 The filaments are not constricted at the joints, like the moniliform chains (*torulaform) of the globular bacteria.
1874Cooke Fungi 120 Formation of networks of mycelium, or masses of *toruloid cells.
1929Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 9 Feb. 438/1 Acute miliary *torulosis of the lungs follows a blood stream dissemination of the torula organisms from some chronic lesion. 1974S. L. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Dis. xxxii. 1494/1 European blastomycosis is known more commonly as cryptococcosis or torulosis... It is caused by a blastomyces known as Cryptococcus hominis or Torula histolytica. |