| 释义 |
▪ I. tout, n.1|taʊt|
Also 8 toute.
[f. tout v.1]
1. A thieves' scout or watchman. slang.
1718C. Higden True Disc. 13 (Farmer) He is a pushing toute, alias thieves' watchman, that lies scouting in and about the City to get and bring intelligence to the thieves.
2. One who solicits custom; = touter 1.
1853Househ. Words VII. 26/1 Touts and spungers to foreign hotels and on foreign visitors. 1879Sala Paris herself again (1880) II. xi. 163 A regular house to house visitation was made..by touts or agents of the insurers. 1881Besant & Rice Chapl. of Fleet i. vi, Ludgate Hill, where the touts of the Fleet parsons ran up and down. 1881Hughes Rugby, Tennessee 34 The hotel touts rush on you.
3. (More fully racing tout.) One who surreptitiously watches the trials of race-horses, so as to gain information for betting purposes: = touter 2.
1865Slang Dict., Tout, in sporting phraseology..signifies an agent in the training districts, on the look-out for information as to the condition and capabilities of those horses entering for a coming race. 1887Black Sabina Zembra I. vi. 80, I..don't object to seeing the touts coming about; it shows they think we have some horses worth watching.
4. The action of tout v.1; in phrase to keep (the) tout, to watch. slang.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict. s.v., To keep tout, is to look out or watch, while your pall is effecting any private purpose. A strong tout, is strict observation, or eye, upon any proceedings, or persons. 1834H. Ainsworth Rookwood iv. ii, [They] on each other kept the tout.
5. A spy; an informer. Cf. tout v.1 2. N. Ireland and Sc.
1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. x. 189 The tell tale is..a tout, traitor, quisling, or widemouth. 1973Times 6 June 1/5 The body of a young man..was found..shot through the head 800 yards from the southern Irish border... A label with the word ‘Tout’ written on it was attached to his neck. 1977W. McIlvanney Laidlaw xl. 186 ‘What's his business?’ ‘Same as any tout's. Other people's.’
Add:[2.] b. = ticket tout s.v. ticket n.1 11.
1959Times 30 June 5/7 (heading) Touts fined [at Wimbledon]. 1977Washington Post 29 June d5/1 ‘I've been here for 30 years and have regular customers,’ said Spence, who is what the British call a ‘tout’. 1988New Statesman & Society 1 July 10 He will wait in a long queue at the entrance to Wimbledon, and suffer a..serious onslaught from the touts.
▪ II. tout, n.2 Sc.|taʊt|
Also towt.
[Origin obscure: cf. tout v.2]
1. A fit of ill humour; a transient displeasure; a pet.
1787Shirrefs Jamie & Bess i. ii, Were he ay sae, he then wad ay be kind, But then, anither tout may change his mind. 1818Scott Br. Lamm. xi[i], He taks the tout at every bit lippening word. 1835Carrick Laird of Logan (1841) 76 Leezie was..discontented, and subject to bits o' touts now and then.
2. A fit or slight bout of illness.
1808–18Jamieson, Tout, towt, an ailment of a transient kind. 1823Galt Entail II. ii. 12 It's neither the t'ane nor the t'ither, but just..a bit towt that's no worth the talking o'. 1831S. E. Ferrier Destiny lxxvi, The baby had a sad towt with its teeth. 1855Mucklebackit Rhymes 219 (E.D.D.) She teuk the tout, near Galashiels,..She dee'd that vera nicht.
▪ III. tout, n.3
[? Fr. tout all.]
A term for a specially successful result in certain games: see quots. and cf. Littré s.v. Tout 47.
1678Dryden Limberham iv. ii, Well, I have won the Party and Revenge however: A Minute longer, and I had won the Tout. 1687Sedley Bellamira iv. i, I lost three sets at back-gammon, and a tout at trick-track, all ready money. 1891Cent. Dict., Tout1 3. In the game of solo, a play when one person takes or proposes to take all the tricks.
▪ IV. ‖ tout, adv., n.4, and a.|tu|
[Fr.]
A. adv. Quite, entirely: tout au contraire |tut o kɔ̃trɛr|, quite the contrary; tout court |tu kur|, in short, in little, simply, without qualification or addition; tout de suite |tu də sɥit| [de suite in sequence], at once, immediately; cf. toot sweet; tout seul |tu sœl|, quite alone, on its (or his, etc.) own; tout simple, tout simplement |tu sɛ̃pl, sɛ̃pləmɑ̃| quite simply, just that.
1841M. Edgeworth Let. 23 Mar. (1971) 590 Scandal but not by any means ill natured tout au contraire. 1982E. Dewhurst Whoever I Am i. 18 ‘You find it obvious that I've been on the amateur stage?’ ‘Tout au contraire... But I know.’
1747H. Walpole Let. 26 June (1955) XIX. 420 My eagle is arrived—my eagle tout court, for I hear nothing of the pedestal. 1888Kipling Wee Willie Winkie 38 Judy was officially ‘Miss Judy’; but Black Sheep was never anything but Black Sheep tout court. 1928C. Dawson Age of Gods xii. 262 There are grave objections to the identification tout court of the Nordic race with the Indo-European stock. 1958Oxf. Mag. 15 May 435/1 Hove, instead of asking for Psychology tout court, has a course by a Harley Street psychiatrist. 1981J. Sutherland Bestsellers xxiv. 240 Len Deighton's..history tout court of the Second World War (Bomber and Fighter).
1895E. Dowson Let. c 13 Nov. (1967) 319 If you see Moore tell him that I am writing tout de suite. 1971Ink 12 June 14/3 Some of the underwriters quietly told their clients to resell their shares tout-de-suite.
1926H. Crane Let. 19 Aug. (1965) 273, I have encountered him in the road, talking again tout seul and examining pebbles. 1954Essays in Criticism IV. 272 The danger in self-exploration tout seul is that it can lead to loss of urgency.
1930Harvard Law Rev. XLIII. 881 Strict or liberal construction or interpretation is therefore the ordinary process of interpretation, tout simple. 1977Times 14 Apr. 14/6 The event was listed as a variety show, tout simple.
1939Burlington Mag. Mar. 142/2 The most probable explanation..is, tout simplement, faulty recollection. 1973E. Berckman Victorian Album 114 There it was. There, tout simplement, as they say, was my murder.
B. n.4 and a. All: tout compris |tu kɔ̃pri|, all included, inclusive; tout ensemble: see ensemble n. 1; tout le monde |tu lə mɔ̃d|, all the world, everyone; (le) tout Paris |lə tu pari|, all Paris, i.e. Parisian society; also transf., of other cities, social circles, etc.
1901Ld. Milner Let. in J. A. Smith John Buchan (1979) 34/2 You will have to pay your own way out—about {pstlg}60 tout compris. 1960Harper's Bazaar Aug. 63/1 A day in one of these hotels..can cost under 15 shillings, tout compris.
1825H. Wilson Memoirs III. 110 Tout le monde seemed so very much to admire my person. 1944Auden Sea & Mirror in For Time Being iii. 29 She invites..just tout le monde to drop in at any time.
1894G. du Maurier Trilby III. vii. 15 ‘Tout Paris’ passed them; but they were none the wiser, and agreed that the show was not a patch on that in Hyde Park during the London season. 1921G. Bell Let. 5 May (1927) xx. 480 ‘Le tout’ Bagdad was there—the Arab world. 1965N. Freeling Criminal Conversation ii. xix. 183, I married her..for the introduction she could give me into what I thought of as ‘the club’. Le tout-Paris. 1975P. Moyes Black Widower ii. 21 Tout Washington tends to arrive late at diplomatic cocktail parties. 1980T. Morgan Somerset Maugham iii. 221 He wanted a hostess, who knew the tout-Londres. 1982Times 14 Jan. 15/3 It is the talk of le tout Paris in the French business world. Who will be getting the plum jobs?
▪ V. tout, v.1|taʊt|
Forms: 4–5 tute(n, 7– tout.
[ME. tūte-n, pointing to an OE. *tútian, synonymous with OE. tótian, toot v.1, and OE. týtan:—*tûtjan. (For etymological relations, and cognate words in the other Germanic langs., see under toot v.1) As used in ME., tūte-n was identical in sense with tōten, toot v.1, sense 2; the two forms occur even as textual variants: see the first quotation in sense 1. The mod.Eng. form tout was in use before 1700 as a cant or slang word, whence the later sense-development, which has differentiated the word from toot.]
†1. intr. To peep, peer, look out; to gaze; = toot v.1 2. Obs.
a1400–50Alexander 694 (Ashmole) Anec[tanabus]..treyned doune fra þe toure to tute in þe sternes [Dubl. MS., to tote on þe sternes]. Ibid. 4776 (Ashm.) Þe kyng in his caban with his kniȝtis he ligis, Tutand out of his tents. a1603T. Cartwright Confut. Rhem. N.T. (1618) 192 Dare you also affirme, that the soules in hell haue the same knowledge, by touting into the diuell? 1676Coles Dict., Tout, to look out or upon.
b. To keep a sharp look-out or watch; to take heed; to be on the look-out. Thieves' cant.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Tout, to look out Sharp, to be upon one's Guard. 1728[De Foe] Street Robberies Consider'd, Tout, take heed.
2. trans. To watch, spy on. slang.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Tout the Culls, Eye those folks which way they take. 1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Tout, to tout a person, is to watch his motions. 1832Examiner 67/1 Two of them were sent forward..in disguise, to tout (watch) the door of the house. 1870Sat. Rev. 2 Apr. 445 But..the Prince of Wales is touted, Mr. Gladstone is touted, their minutest actions are eagerly watched and regularly reported; why should not we be allowed to procure similar information about race-horses?
b. To watch furtively or spy upon (a race-horse or his trainer) with a view to using or disposing of the information for betting purposes.
1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 283 He made it his business to be at the Wheat Sheaf public-house..to tout Mr. Prince, who had the mare under his training. 1870Sat. Rev. 2 Apr. 445 The touting of race-horses is practised, not to gratify curiosity, but as an aid to gambling. 1894M. H. Hayes Men & Horses vi. (ed. 2) 94 With the fear of being touted ever on them, the Newmarket trainers are..shy of strangers. 1895Westm. Gaz. 2 Oct. 7/3 One of the most assiduously ‘touted’ animals at Newmarket during the last fortnight has been M. Aumont's Dormeuse.
3. a. intr. To look out busily for customers; to solicit custom, employment, etc. importunately; also, U.S., Austral., etc., to canvass for votes.
1731–54[see touting, touter 1]. 1837Dickens Pickw. x, Doctors' Commons... Two porters..as touts for licences... Two coves in vhite aprons—touches their hats ven you walk in—‘Licence, sir, licence?’ 1847Alb. Smith Chr. Tadpole xix, He used to go backwards and forwards..to tout for customers. 1857Kingsley Two Y. Ago x, I am to tout for introductions for you? 1869Rogers Hist. Gleanings (1870) II. 200 Before Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act, a particular class of clergymen, not..in very good repute, touted for marriage-fees. 1881Nation (N.Y.) XXXII. 397 It has never occurred to him that people would be shocked by seeing him ‘tout’ at Albany. 1891Melbourne Argus 28 Sept., He should have gone round cap in hand and touted for votes. 1898J. Hollingshead Gaiety Chron. ii. 119 The same way as postmen tout for Christmas boxes.
b. trans. (a) To importune (a person) in a touting manner; (b) to solicit custom for (a thing), to try to sell; also (U.S.) in extended sense, to recommend.
1920S. Lewis Main Street xvi. 199 Why, you're always touting these Greek dancers. 1928Daily Tel. 5 May 9/6 It strikes one as..unfair for bankers to tout their clients for..investment business. 1930R. H. Mottram Europa's Beast vii. 164 He was involved in the ghastly job of touting motor cars. 1948M. Laski Tory Heaven i. 14 Touting vacuum-cleaners at back doors. 1974Nature 11 Jan. 81/1 Such deposits of geothermal energy have long been touted as potential sources of power. 1978Detroit Free Press 2 Apr. 6e/1 Any team that touts Jerry Augustine as the ace of its staff is in serious trouble.
Hence ˈtouted ppl. a. (U.S.), (usu. with qualifying advb.) vaunted, extolled; ˈtouting ppl. a.
1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 283 An object worthy the consideration of the touting firm. 1895[see 2 b]. 1953Manch. Guardian Weekly 5 Feb. 3 The much touted Nationalist ‘offensive’ on the Chinese mainland. 1978Sci. Amer. Aug. 32/2 The highly touted system of separating isotopes by laser excitation.
▪ VI. tout, v.2 Sc.|taʊt, tut|
Also towt.
[Origin of sense 1 obscure. Sense 2 evidently goes with tout n.2, and may be a different word from 1.]
1. trans. To toss or throw about in disorder. Also fig. to canvass, discuss.
a1568Bannatyne Poems (Hunter, Cl.) 408/18 To spill the bed it war a pane, Quoth he, the laird will nocht be fane, To fynd it towtit and ourtred. 1596–7J. Melvil Diary (Wodrow Soc.) 410 We perceave the purpose is bot to canves and towt our maters heir a whyll, that thairefter men of lytle skill and les conscience may decern in to tham as they pleis. 1812P. Forbes Poems 38 (E.D.D.) [He] lang an' sair the claise did tout, Dreaming o' an invasion An' fights yon night. 1899J. Lumsden Edin. Poems & Songs 250 Their waters mountain high Uprear in never-ending wars And tout the ships an' flout the sky As if they'd quench the eternal stars.
2. To irritate, vex, tease. Cf. tout n.2
1725Ramsay's Gentle Sheph. 718 (E.D.D.) Losh preserve us, Bess! At thys tym; and swa towtit! 1832Carrick in Whistle-Binkie Ser. ii. (1853) 124 Weel, weel, Janet, dinna be sae toutit about it—I was awa' at a burial. 1887P. M'Neill Blawearie 61 If Bob toutit you, very likely ye hae been toutin' him too.
b. intr. (See quot.)
1825Jamieson, Tout, to be seized with a sudden fit of sickness [or] ill humour.
▪ VII. tout
obs. f. taut, taught; var. toot. |