| 释义 |
▪ I. foal, n.|fəʊl|
Forms: 1–2 fola, 3–7 fole, (4 fol, fowle), 4–6 foil(e, foole, (5 fool, folle, foyl(l)e, 6 foule,) 5–7 foale, (7 phoale,) 6– foal.
[Com. Teut., OE. fola wk. masc. = OFris. folla (for *fola) (MDu. volen, veulen, Du. veulen), OHG. folo (MHG. vol, vole, Ger. fohlen neut.), ON. fole (Da. fole, Sw. fåle), Goth. fula:—OTeut. *folon-, cognate with Gr. πῶλος, L. pullus.]
1. The young of the equine genus of quadrupeds; properly, one of the male sex, a colt; but also used where the sex is not specified, a colt or filly.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark xi. 4 And foerdon onfundon fola ᵹebunden. 971Blickl. Hom. 69 Þonne ᵹemete ᵹyt þær eoselan ᵹesælede & hire folan. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 89 Hie funden an asse mid fole. 1382Wyclif Zech. ix. 9 A fole, sone of the she asse. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop v. x, He sawe a mare and her yong foole with her. 1535Act 27 Hen. VIII, c. 6. §2 Two mares..apte and able to beare folis. 1697Dryden æneid iv. 746 The Priestess..cuts the Forehead of a new-born Fole. 1794Coleridge To Yng. Ass 1 Poor little foal of an oppressed race! 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. v. (1873) 128 The spinal stripe is much commoner in the foal than in the full-grown animal.
Proverb.1546J. Heywood Prov. (1867) 27 How can the fole amble, if the hors and mare trot?
b. Phrases. in foal, with foal, (of a mare): pregnant. † tattered as a (feltered or tattered) foal, of a person: ragged; also, rough, shaggy.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 1537 Som gas tatird als tatird foles. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xi. 335 Bothe horse and houndes and alle other bestes Medled nouȝte wyth here makes þat with fole were. a1400[see bagged]. c1460Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 4 Now ar we..tatyrd as a foylle. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §68 They [mares] maye not be rydden..whan they be with foole. 1727Swift Modest Proposal Wks. 1755 II. ii. 66 Their mears in foal. 1835W. Irving Tour Prairies 226 A fine black mare far gone with foal.
c. Applied to the young of the elephant or camel.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. xlii. (1495) 803 Elyphauntes goo wyth foole two yeres. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 163 An Indian, who had brought up from a foal a white Elephant.
†2. A horse. Obs.
a1300K. Horn 589 Horne ȝede to stable: Þar he tok his gode fole. c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 173 Þe fole þat he ferkkes on. a1400–50Alexander 5588 Fare wele, my faire foole þou failid me neuire. 1513Douglas æneis x. xiv. 89 O moist forcy steyd, my lovyt foill.
3. Coal-mining. (See quots.)
1770–4A. Hunter Georg. Ess. (1804) II. 158 What are termed lads or foals; supplying the inferior place at a machine called a tram. 1835S. Oliver Ramb. Northumb. i. 41 Where a youth is too weak to put the tram by him⁓self, he engages a junior assistant, who is called the foal.
4. attrib. and Comb., as foal fair, (objective) foal-getter; also foal-bit (see quots.); foal-teeth, the first teeth of a horse.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), *Fole-bit and Fole-foot, two sorts of Herbs. 1755Johnson, Foalbit, Foalfoot, plants.
1880Daily News 18 Sept. 6/6 A public dinner held after the Holbeach *foal fair.
1809Spirit Publ. Jrnls. (1810) XIII. 61 He is a sure *foal-getter.
1696Sir W. Hope tr. Solleysel's Compl. Horsem. v. 19 A little before a Horse hath attained to the Age of thiry Months..he hath twelve *Foal-teeth in the fore part of his mouth. 1855Farmer's Dict. (Wilson) I. 21 The foal's nippers..technically called..foal teeth—are easily distinguished.
▪ II. foal, v.|fəʊl|
[f. prec. n.; cf. mod.Ger. fohlen.]
1. trans. To bear or bring forth (a foal); said of a mare, she-ass, etc.
c1386Chaucer Friar's T. 247 The fend..yow fech body and bones, As ferforthly as ever wer ye folid! 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. viii. (1495) 756 The asse foolyth selde two coltes. 1638Baker tr. Balzac's Lett. I. 71 His Mare..had foaled a Colt. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Colt, When your Colts are foalen you may let them run with their Dams till about Michaelmas. 1887M. E. Braddon Like & Unlike i, He would buy the maddest devil that was ever foaled if he fancied the..paces of the beast.
2. absol. or intr. To give birth to a foal.
1521Test. Ebor. (Surtees) V. 129, I have y⊇ mares wt foole, and, when they folyn, I gif the bettur [etc.]. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 18 They [Asses] will not Fole in the sight of man. 1707Mortimer Husb. 151 About September they take their Mares into the house again where they keep them till they foal.
b. Of a ewe: To yean. ? U.S. only.
1883P. E. Gibbons in Harper's Mag. Apr. 652/2 The ewes are..kept until they have foaled.
3. To get (a mare) in foal. rare.
1891T. H. Webster Let. to Chaplin in Times 9 Nov. 10/5 The horse..had foaled his mares well. |