| 释义 |
▪ I. trailing, vbl. n.|ˈtreɪlɪŋ|
[f. trail v.1 + -ing1.]
1. The action of trail v.1 in various senses.
a. Dragging along, hanging down as a robe so as to drag, etc.: see the vb.
13..Min. Poems fr. Vernon MS. xlviii. 194 Wher is þat gomen and þat song, Þat trayling & þat comelich ȝong, Þo haukes and þe houndes? 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xii. 242 Þe pekok..may nouȝte fleighe heighe; Fro þe traillyng of his taille ouertaken is he sone. 1671Grew Anat. Plants iii. App. §9 In that [shade] all Strawberries delight; and by the trailing of the Plant is well obtain'd. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. iii. 37 The trailing is now done by horses only. 1886Willis & Clark Cambridge I. 579 The trailing of their chains [i.e. of the portcullises in heraldic devices] is as varied in design as that of the stalks and leaves of the roses. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. 265 The trailings and climbings of deep purple convolvulus.
b. The following of a trail, hunting by the trail.
1742Fielding Jos. Andrews iii. vi, The best hound that ever pursued a hare;..good at trailing. 1902St. James' Gaz. 31 May 20/1 One can understand the absorbing interest of trailing... Every animal leaves a trail. The expert even reads the story of a snake's trail.
†c. Billiards. (See quot.) Obs.
1775Ann. Gaming viii. 105 What now gives the peculiar advantage to the mace over the cue, is what has been artfully introduced by professed players, under the name of trailing, which is following the ball with the mace to such a convenient distance from the other ball as to make it an easy hazard.
d. A form of bowling played on Scottish greens, the object being to trail or carry the jack into a semicircle drawn beyond two bowls placed three feet apart.
1902Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 329/2 In trailing, two bowls are laid on the turf..and a jack is then deposited equidistant from each bowl... A semicircle is then drawn behind the bowls with a radius of nine feet from the jack. 1923J. A. Manson Bowling 84 Trailing is the section of the Points game which is most worthy of attention.
e. Ceramics. A method of decorating pottery by applying slip or glaze through a nozzle or spout. (See also quots. 1960, 1968.)
1940B. Leach Potter's Bk. vi. 145 Glazes are applied by dipping, double dipping..dripping, splashing and trailing. 1960C. Winick Dict. Anthropol. 543/2 Trailing, a technique of making broad incised lines in pottery. 1968J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts xix. 241 Glazes are applied in a liquid state, either by immersion or by brush-work; this is called trailing. a1977Harrison Mayer Ltd. Catal. 18/2 Slip decoration: trailing, feathering. Slip can be applied by all the usual painting, pouring, trailing and dipping methods.
f. The advance broadcasting of excerpts of films, programmes, etc., as a form of publicity. Cf. trail v.1 4.
1961Listener 17 Aug. 254/3 The trailing of future programmes by announcement or sampling..now seems to be overdone—especially those repeated alluring snippets of coming films which could equally well be false starts of the next programme. 1978Broadcast 20 Nov. 19/3 Intensive trailing on radio and TV.
2. concr. A trailing branch or shoot of a plant, a ‘runner’; a trailing part or appendage.
1727Bradley's Fam. Dict. s.v. Garden, Strawberries..begin to shoot forth in January... You may cut off their Trailings in March. 1884Amer. Meteorol. Jrnl. I. 8 A heavy, low flying..storm cloud with ragged trailings.
▪ II. ˈtrailing, ppl. a.
[f. trail v.1 + -ing2.]
1. a. That trails (almost always in intr. sense); dragging or dragged behind, drifting along, hanging from something, etc.: see trail v.1
13..in Rel. Ant. II. 15 Ne be þi winpil nevere so jelu ne so stroutende, Ne þi faire tail so long ne so trailende. 1413Pilgr. Sowle iv. xxxvi. (Caxton 1483) 84 A traylyng gowne of twelue yerdes wide solempnly dagged with huge bagge sleues. 1601Markham Mary Magd. Lament. Pref. 70 [She] made a towell of her trayling haires. 1784Cowper Task v. 56 The trailing cloud [of tobacco-smoke] Streams far behind him, scenting all the air. 1858G. Macdonald Phantastes (1878) II. xix. 109 Walking with a..somewhat trailing and stumbling step.
b. Of a plant, or a branch, stem, or shoot of a plant: see trail v.1 6. Also in the names of plants with a trailing habit; trailing arbutus = New England mayflower s.v. New England b; also fig.
1698Phil. Trans. XX. 468 Stalks, round and most commonly upright, not square nor trayling. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) I. 161 The right sort hath long Stalks and trailing Branches. 1784Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. I. 413 Cuscuta... Trailing Cockspur... Borders of brooks and ditches. 1785H. Marshall Arbustrum Americanum 42 Trailing Arbutus..grows naturally upon northern hills, or mountains. 1813H. Muhlenberg Catalogus Plantarum Amer. Septentrionalis 91 Salix prostrata. Trailing willow. Ibid. 93 Juniferus prostrata. Trailing juniper. 1855Trailing arbutus [see New England mayflower s.v. New England b]. 1861Trans. Illinois Agric. Soc. IV. 462 We have on the lake shore a beautiful trailing evergreen—the Trailing Juniper. 1877–84F. E. Hulme Wild Fl. p. vi, Branches long, very trailing, slender; hooked prickles. 1878R. T. Cooke Happy Dodd 347 A profusion of trailing pine had been stored away in the barn cellar, before frost came. 1899M. Going Field, Forest, & Wayside Flowers 251 The lycopodiums..under the name of..‘club-moss’, or ‘trailing-evergreen’, are familiar to almost every one who has summered in New England. 1939Wodehouse Uncle Fred in Springtime i. 18 The male, Barny, was calling me a trailing arbutus..and The Subject was talking about horsewhips. 1979United States 1980/81 (Penguin Travel Guides) 633 Among the many woodland trails are no less than 600 varieties of flowering plants—including the trailing yew, unique to this island.
2. In specific technical applications.
a. trailing wheel, a wheel to which the motive force is not directly applied (opp. to driving-wheel), as one of the hinder wheels of a locomotive, or the rear wheel of a front-driving bicycle. Also applied to parts connected with this, as trailing axle, trailing spring; so trailing-weight, that part of the weight of a locomotive which rests upon the trailing-wheels.
1849–50Weale Dict. Terms, Trailing springs, the springs fixed on the axle-boxes of the trailing wheels of a locomotive engine. Ibid., Trailing wheels. 1877Knight Dict. Mech., Trailing-axle, an axle behind the driving-axle in British locomotives. 1904Daily Chron. 2 Feb. 6/6 Two pairs of coupled driving-wheels; then a single pair of trailing-wheels placed behind the fire-box.
b. trailing points, on a railway, points directed away from a coming train (opp. to facing points). trailing horns in a dynamo-electric machine: see quot. 1902.
1889G. Findlay Eng. Railway 79 Trailing points..at a distance of 220 yards from the cabin. 1902Sloane Stand. Electr. Dict., Following Horns, in dynamo-electric machines, the projecting ends of the pole pieces towards which the outer uncovered perimeter of the armature turns... The leading horns are those away from which the armature rotates... Synonym—Trailing Horns. 1909Cent. Dict. Supp. s.v. Switch, Trailing-point switch, in railroading,..contrasted with facing-point switch.
c. trailing vortex (see quot. 1969).
1929Proc. R. Soc. A. CXXIII. 440 The flow behind the screw is the same as if the screw surface formed by the trailing vortices was rigid. 1949O. G. Sutton Sci. of Flight iv. 112 The trailing vortices actually spring from two wing-tip vortices which, in flight, form just inside the wing tips. 1969Gloss. Aeronaut. & Astronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) iv. 15 Trailing vortex, a vortex extending down⁓stream from the surface of a body.
Hence ˈtrailingly adv.
1589Fleming Virg. Georg. iv. 65 Then is their sound heard heauier, and trailingly they hum. 1831Blackw. Mag. XXX. 476 One of them..hangs trailingly along the mossy greensward. 1842Mrs. Browning Grk. Chr. Poets, etc. 59 Green vine-branches trailingly inclined. |