| 释义 |
transmitter|trɑːnsˈmɪtə(r), træns-, -nz-|
[f. transmit v. + -er1.]
1. a. One who or that which transmits.
1727Savage Bastard 8 He lives to build, not boast a generous Race: No Tenth Transmitter of a foolish Face. 1775Johnson Tax. no Tyr. 73 The transmitters of wrong. 1822New Monthly Mag. V. 417 [Not] the inventor, but merely the ‘transmitter’ of a jest. 1874L. Stephen Hours in Library (1892) II. i. 6 The great bulk of mankind are transmitters rather than originators of spiritual force. 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Sept. 672 The stegomyia fasciata (the transmitter of yellow fever).
b. spec. (a) That part of a telegraphic or telephonic apparatus by means of which messages are transmitted or dispatched; a transmitting instrument: opposed to receiver 7; (b) now esp. an apparatus for transmitting radio or television signals.
Also, the part of a stethoscope which transmits the sounds to the ear of the operator (quot. 1901).
1844Brit. Patent 10,257 2, I have an instrument which I denominate a transmitter... If the operator turns a handle fixed to the wheel any number of discharges..may be passed from London to Liverpool. 1859[see printer 2 a]. 1876Preece & Sivewright Telegraphy 251 The chief faults which are met with in the Transmitter are broken spiral springs and chains, or loose adjusting screws. 1878G. B. Prescott Sp. Telephone (1879) 9 The tone transmitter.. connected by a metallic conductor with the tone receiver..at the distant station. 1888Pall Mall G. 30 May 11/2 The operator sits watching at his transmitter on the Downs, while another attends in breathless expectation at the instrument in the Haymarket. 1889Preece & Maier Telephone 5 The transmitter is the instrument into which the words are spoken. 1898Ludgate Nov. 79 The Marconi Transmitter. 1901Munsey's Mag. XXIV. 522/2 Dr. Schmuetzer placed the stethoscope over his heart,..with the rubber transmitters stuck in his ears. 1902Sloane Electr. Dict., Transmitter, in general electric phraseology, any instrument which produces signals to be transmitted through a line or circuit... Thus the Morse key in telegraphy or the Blake transmitter in telephony are examples. 1912Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 60/2, I had got our receiver into ‘tune’ with the transmitter on board a steamer. 1913E. C. Bentley Trent's Last Case ii. 18 Sir James looked at the telephone..and took up the receiver... Presently, as he listened, he..spoke quickly to Mr. Silver over the top of the transmitter. 1934J. H. Reyner Television xvii. 191 It is conceivable that the introduction of some new scanning system may reduce the width of the band needed by a television transmitter providing plenty of detail. 1955Radio Times 22 Apr. 3/2 Unless the listener lives very close to the nearest F.M. transmitter he will need to install a V.H.F. aerial. 1974G. Markstein Cooler lv. 196 They've all been trained to rig up a wireless transmitter secretly, and send messages under the nose of the Gestapo. 1978Sci. Amer. Mar. 58/2 A typical instrument consists of a handset, containing a transmitter and a receiver, that is connected to the base with an extendable cord.
c. attrib.
1876Preece & Sivewright Telegraphy 129 Fig. 90..contains a plan of the transmitter switch. 1892Pall Mall G. 27 Apr. 7/2 A phonoporic receiver will not be actuated by impulses whose speed is regulated by a transmitter reed tuned to a different note from its own. 1904Electr. World & Engin. 21 May 987 To overcome this difficulty [of being overheard by persons near] a transmitter hood has been patented. This is a metallic box adapted to be fastened upon the transmitter.
d. Physiol. = neurotransmitter.
1930Jrnl. Physiol. LXX. 142 The only hint as to the chemical nature of the transmitter is provided by the physiological similarity to the action of adrenaline. 1937J. C. Eccles in Physiol. Rev. XVII. 539 The actual transmission across the intercellular gap of the junctional region must depend upon one or more special factors—which will henceforth be called the synaptic or neuromuscular transmitter. 1954Martin & Hynes Clinical Endocrinol. (ed. 2) vii. 168 It has now been shown..that noradrenaline is the sympathetic transmitter-substance. 1970Nature 5 Sept. 1006/2 Enzymes which synthesize transmitter. 1974Ibid. 6 Sept. 14/3 l-Glutamate serves as the neuromuscular transmitter substance of arthropods, taking the place of acetylcholine in vertebrates in this respect.
2. Special Comb.: transmitter-receiver = transceiver.
1950Encycl. Radio & Television 638/2 Transmitter-receiver, assembly comprising a sender and a receiver with provision for changing from send to receive, usually by means of a switching system. 1964Discovery Oct. 23 (Advt.), The BBC 81 mobile VHF transmitter-receiver is so compact that the whole unit can be fitted under the dashboard of almost any vehicle. 1978R. V. Jones Most Secret War xxxvi. 313 He had been parachuted back into France with six radio transmitter-receiver sets for distribution to his sub-agents. |