| 释义 |
▪ I. transport, n.|ˈtrɑːnspɔət, ˈtræns-|
[f. next. Cf. F. transport transfer of rights (1312 in Godef. Compl.), med.L. transportus (Du Cange) transferment.]
1. a. The action of carrying or conveying a thing or person from one place to another; conveyance.
1611Florio, Trasporto, a transportation, a transport. 1621H. Elsing Debates H. Lords (Camden) 11 The Bill against transport of golde and sylver. 1674J. Josselyn Voy. New Eng. 12 Undertaking the Transport of his Family. 1841Elphinstone Hist. India II. ix. i. 277 Availing himself of the Jamna and Ganges for the transport of his stores and part of his army. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India III. iii. vi. 251 Sale at prices sufficient to cover the whole cost of transport. 1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 634 The Conducting Tissue for the transport of the formative materials. 1894Geol. Mag. Oct. 470 In the same way the beds at Moel Tryfaen are regarded as examples of glacial transport.
†b. fig. Transference. Obs.
1653Urquhart Rabelais i. ii, Many are now poor wandring beggars..who are descended of..great Kings and Emperours, occasioned..by the transport and revolution of Kingdoms and Empires.
†c. Transfer or conveyance of property. Obs.
App. the earliest use in English. It is the regular term for ‘transfer of shares’ in the Minute Books of the East India Company 1624–28.
1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 133 Men takis landis..and syne makis transport of thame, and puttis tham in othir menis handis. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccxii. 258 The sayde renounciacion, transportes, sessynge, and leauynge of all the sayde thynges. 1607(Nov. 13) E. India Co. Court Bk. II. 59 (MS.) Notwithstanding the transport made at the last Court of Mr. Bramley's adventure by Agnes Smyth to Mr. Robert Sandie. 1682J. Scarlett Exchanges 55 By this Endorsement, he to whom the Bill is sent, is the true and right Possessor of it, and needs no further Assignation, Transport, or any other Title or Right.
†2. Transference of a word to a different meaning; metaphor. Obs. rare.
1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xvii. (Arb.) 189 To call the top of a tree, or of a hill, the crowne of a tree or of a hill..because such terme is not applyed naturally to a tree, or to a hill, but is transported from a mans head to a hill or tree, therefore it is called by metaphore, or the figure of transport.
3. The state of being ‘carried out of oneself’, i.e. out of one's normal mental condition; vehement emotion (now usu. of a pleasurable kind); mental exaltation, rapture, ecstasy. Also with a and pl., an instance of this, a fit of joy or rage; sometimes transf. an ecstatic utterance.
1658Phillips, A Transport,..also a sudden trance, or rapture of minde. 1663Bp. Patrick Parab. Pilgr. xiii. (1687) 84 Can you imagine into what transports it will cast your soul to hear the praises of the Creator sung by all his Works? 1686tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 146 An unheard-of Transport of Fury. a1715Burnet Own Times an. 1660 (1766) I. ii. 151 The letter was received with transports of joy. 1796Jane Austen Pride & Prej. l, When the first transports of rage..were over, he..returned to all his former indolence. 1854J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) I. xxvi. 413 He was hailed with transport wherever he appeared. 1920D. H. Lawrence Women in Love i. 12 She experienced a keen paroxysm, a transport, as if she had made some incredible discovery. 1953E. Jones Sigmund Freud I. xi. 275 A female patient suddenly flinging her arms around his neck in a transport of affection. 1978A. S. Byatt Virgin in Garden xviii. 185 Almost she expected him to rouse himself and roar out transports of self-reproach or self-referring ecstasy, either of which would have embarrassed her profoundly. 1981A. Schlee Rhine Journey ix. 111 She had gone on to describe..the gentle transports she would expect her sensitive nature to endure, the blameless pious raptures.
4. A means of transportation or conveyance; orig. a vessel employed in transporting soldiers, military stores, or convicts; later, the horses, wagons, etc. employed in transporting the ammunition and supplies of an army; = transport plane; sometimes including the things so conveyed. Cf. tape transport s.v. tape n.1 4.
1694[implied in transport-ship: see 6]. 1712E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 140 At Five in the Afternoon, the Transports row'd for the Town of Guayaquil. 1783Justamond tr. Raynal's Hist. Indies VII. 72 [He] took three thousand men of regular troops or of militia, which he embarked upon twenty-five transports. 1834Napier Penins. War xvi. iii. (Rtldg.) II. 341 From the scarcity of transports only 38 guns could be brought to the trenches. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xiv. III. 411 The Dee was crowded with men of war and transports. 1879A. Forbes in Daily News 13 June 5/5 That all-important element in campaigning, the transport, including in that term the animals, the waggons, and the supplies. 1897S. L. Hinde Congo Arabs 86 One woman and a boy acted as transport. 1900Dundee Advertiser 17 May 4 All our larger transport has arrived without mishap. The men and horses are standing the continuous strain admirably, notwithstanding the heavy roads. 1940Times (Weekly ed.) 7 Aug. 23 German tactics in attacking aerodromes, from the first attempt to divert the fighters to the arrival of low bombers and the landing of parachutists and troop transports are now well known. 1943C. Milburn Diary 11 Apr. (1979) 174 Forty transports going to supply the Axis were brought down. 1970Nature 15 Aug. 655/2 The project to build a supersonic transport has run into renewed complaints from the environmentalists. 1974C. Ryan Bridge too Far ii. i. 79 Transports to carry paratroops and tow-planes to pull the gliders must be diverted from their normal task of supplying the advancing armies and grounded.
5. A transported convict; a person under sentence of transportation. Now rare.
1767Chron. in Ann. Reg. 58/2 Fourteen transports from Durham..were put on board..bound for Virginia. 1777Howard Prisons Eng. (1780) 386 The county has for some years..clothed such transports as were quite indigent. 18172nd Rep. Comm. Police Metrop., Min. Evid. 392 Have you ever known any instances of returned transports obtaining licences to keep public houses? 1851D. Jerrold St. Giles xix. 199 You don't mean to say..that you are an escaped transport?
6. attrib. and Comb., as transport-agent, transport-carriage, † transport felon, transport-hoy, transport-labour, transport-officer, transport-service, transport-wagon, transport worker, etc.; † transport-bill, † debenture, a voucher given for a claim for transport services; † transport brief, deed, a transfer-deed; transport-buoy, a buoy used for the mooring and warping of vessels; transport café, a roadside café for lorry-drivers; Transport House, the name of the former headquarters of the Labour Party, used as a synonym for the Labour Party leadership; transport number Physical Chem., the proportion of a current flowing through a particular electrolytic solution which can be attributed to the movement of any given ion species; = transference number s.v. transference 3; transport plane Mil., an aircraft used for transporting troops, supplies, etc.; transport-rider (South Africa), a goods carrier; so transport-riding, carriage of goods; transport-ship, -vessel: see 4.
1897J. K. Laughton in Dict. Nat. Biog. LII. 156/2 He was appointed *transport agent for the expedition to Egypt.
1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4637/3 Lost.., four *Transport-Bills,..being for two Months Freight each on the Ship Success,..Signed by..her Majesty's Commissioners for Transportation.
1895J. Brown Pilgr. Fathers iv. 124 It was conveyed..by a *transport brief or deed made on the 5th of May 1611.
1793Smeaton Edystone L. §102 The use that was made of *Transport Buoys, in the moving and mooring the king's ships in the Hamoaze.
1938‘J. Curtis’ They drive by Night i. 15 At St. Albans a lorry-driver was sitting hunched up at the counter of a *transport café. 1959Manch. Guardian 29 July 14/3 On the London–Birmingham motorway..there will be..two transport cafés, but only one restaurant. 1978C. A. Berry Gentleman of Road xiii. 130 A welcome stay at the transport café..on the strength of two cups of tea.
1895Daily News 18 Oct. 5/5 Dr. Hönig's new bicycle *transport-carriages for sick people.
1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4311/3 A *Transport-Debenture for the Year 1697. No. 32. for 965 l. 3 s. 4 d. is lost.
1766Chron. in Ann. Reg. 134/2 Three hundred *transport felons..have been shipped at Blackwall for the plantations.
1937New Statesman & Nation 11 Sept. 364/2 This new orientation fits in exactly with that of the political wing of *Transport House. 1958Spectator 31 Jan. 124/2 On the Labour side, it does not appear as though Transport House is even thinking of coming to grips with reality. a1974R. Crossman Diaries (1975) I. 72 If we as a Cabinet have neglected our relationship with the Parliamentary Party we have equally neglected our relations with Transport House and the Party outside.
1705Lond. Gaz. No. 4167/3 This day came into Kingroad..two *Transport-Hoys.
1897M. M. P. Muir tr. Lüpke's Elem. Electro-Chem. i. iii. 43 A Cu ion will pass over two of six spaces, and a SO4 ion will pass over four in the same time. The quotients 2/6 = 0·33 and 4/6 = 0·66 are called by Hittorf the *transport-numbers (die Überführungszahlen) for the kation Cu and the anion SO4, respectively. 1978P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. xxv. 843 The following are brief summaries of the three methods used to measure transport numbers of ions and, through them, individual ion conductivities and mobilities.
1917W. Owen Let. 4 Feb. (1967) 431 It doesn't necessarily mean a job as *Transport Officer straight away.
1945R. J. Oakes in Coast to Coast 1944 99 He had six wounded men to load into the *transport plane. 1977M. Sokolinski tr. Merle's Virility Factor xv. 307 The jeep..led us straight into the maw of a transport plane that swallowed the truck.
1850R. G. Cumming Hunter's Life S. Afr. (1902) 10/2 The Dutchman along their road being very unfriendly and inhospitable to the English *transport-riders. 1909R. Cullum Compact xii. 143 Each waggon has two coloured transport-riders.
1900Haggard Black Heart i, *Transport-riding—that is, in carrying goods on ox waggons from Durban or Maritzburg to various points in the interior.
1817Parl. Deb. 584 A resolution then passed for 142,500l. for the *transport service.
1694Act 5 & 6 Will. & Mary c. 23 §3 The *Transport Shipps for the Warr of Ireland. 1701Lond. Gaz. No. 3712/3 Several Transport Ships are arrived at Williamstad with Recruits. 1722De Foe Col. Jack ii, Coming to the common period of that kind of life, I mean to the transport-ship, or to the gallows.
1700Tyrrell Hist. Eng. II. 795 Fourscore Cogs, a sort of small *Transport-Vessels.
1866J. Leyland Adventures Far Interior S. Afr. 11, I travelled by a Dutch *transport waggon. 1936in N. Rouillard Matabele Thompson ii. 46, I found myself at no great distance from a transport waggon, laden with goods intended for a trader in the north.
1903Westm. Gaz. 8 Apr. 5/2 The railwaymen, who are federated with the *transport workers, declining to handle any traffic which had been unloaded by ‘free’ labourers.
▪ II. transport, v.|trɑːnˈspɔət, træn-|
[ad. F. transporter (14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), or its source L. transportāre, f. trans across + portāre to carry.]
1. trans. To carry, convey, or remove from one place or person to another; to convey across.
Formerly used in general sense: see quots.; now mostly restricted to the conveyance of persons, animals, and things as an organized operation, or with allusion to other senses.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 260 b/1 Where it shalle plese the to enhabyte it transporte me to the. 1490― Eneydos x. 39 They were separed & transported in-to dyuerse places. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxxii. 245 Dyuers bysshoppes sees were transported from one place to another; as Selwey to Chechester, Kyrton to Exetor, Wellys to Bathe,..Dorchester to Lyncolne. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV 235 If the Duke of Britayne, would transporte hym into England. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 284 That he should neither make a brydge nor finde a foorde to transport his armie. 1579Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 430 To tranchporte any manner tymber. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, ii. Prol. 35 The Scene Is now transported (Gentles) to Southampton. 1606in Calr. S.P. Irel. 551 To demise to the said Grames and such other persons as shall be transported..120 quarters of land. 1632Lithgow Trav. x. 457 He made fast the doore, and transported the keyes. 1635Swan Spec. M. vii. §3 (1643) 323 As a..Mirrour transporteth the light of the fire, or the sunne against a wall. 1709Steele Tatler No. 3 ⁋6 Mules to transport his Provisions and Ammunition. 1829Scott Anne of G. ii, I have no wings to transport me from cliff to cliff. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. i. ii. 65 This region..receiving the merchandize of East and North, and transporting it by its rivers. 1856Kane Arctic Explor. II. vi. 75 The dogs are indispensable in..transporting us to Anoatoh. 1901[see transportability].
b. fig. (app. the earliest use).
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iii. pr. ix. 65 (Camb. MS.) The errour and folye of mankynde departeth and deuydeth it,..and transporteth from verray and parfyt good to goodes þat ben false and vnparfyt. c1475Partenay 3739 And in to sorow transport our gladnesse. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xxxi. (Percy Soc.) 150 Consyder well that your lusty courage Age of his cours must at the last transporte. 1652G. Collier Vind. Sabbath (1656) 45 The Apostolick churches transported the exercises of that day to the Sunday. 1798Ferriar Eng. Historians 234 They transport our imagination to the scene. 1857W. Smith Thorndale 547 Man transports himself into nature, endues the great objects or powers of nature with human feelings, human will.
†c. To transfer or convey (property). Obs.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccxii. 257 All the right that oure sayde brother hath.., he yeldeth and transporteth them to vs perpetually. 1523[see cess v.2 2]. 1607(July 31) E. India Co. Court Bk. II. 44 (MS.) Sir James Deane's letter to the Company that his stock of the 3rd voyage, being {pstlg}200, be transported over to the accompt of Andrew Holdip his kinsman. a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Hist. Jas. II Wks. (1711) 24 Transporting lands to themselves and their friends, distributing offices and places of the crown and state.
†d. intr. for refl. To transfer oneself to another place of abode; to emigrate. Obs.
c1540tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (Camden No. 29) 143 Six months after that he had transported into Flanders. 1631Weever Anc. Fun. Mon. 794 He required him (before he transported) to returne. 1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. ii. x. (1821) 338 It shall be lawfull for any of the Inhabitants..to transport, without any molestation. 1675tr. Machiavelli's Prince viii. (Rtldg.) 56 He transported into Africa.
†e. To remove from this world to the next: cf. translate v. 1 b. Obs.
In quot. 1603, a euphemism for ‘put to death, kill’. So taken by Schmidt in quot. 1590; but W. Aldis Wright takes it as, in Starveling's language, = ‘transform, transfigure’, comparing the use of ‘translate’ in iii. i. 122.
[1590Shakes. Mids. N. iv. ii. 4 He cannot be heard of. Out of doubt hee is transported.] 1603― Meas. for M. iv. iii. 72 A creature vnprepar'd, vnmeet for death, And to transport him in the minde he is, Were damnable.
2. spec.
a. Sc. Ch. To translate (a minister) from one charge to another.
1637–50Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 164 There wes an intention to have had four of the ministers of Edinburgh transported to other places. 1726Wodrow Corr. (1843) III 257 Discharging them to be transported without the consent of the General Assembly, or declared transportable without consent of the people. a1791Grose Otio (1796) 111 By transported we mean, in Scotland, removed to another parish. 1858Ramsay Remin. v. (1870) 118 A Seceding minister at Kircaldy. But I hear he expects to be transported soon. 1904R. Small Hist. U.P. Congregat. I. 457 It was carried [in] 1830 by a great majority to transport.
b. Sc. Eccl. Law. To remove (the site of the church) to a different part of the parish.
1707Sc. Act Anne c. 10 (1824) XI. 433/1 The transporting of Kirks,..or erecting and building of new kirks, being alwayes with the consent of the heritors of three parts..at least of the valuation of the parock whereof the kirk is craved to be transported or..new kirks to be erected and built. 1765–8Erskine Inst. Law Scot. i. v. §21 With more ample powers, of..transporting churches already built to more convenient places. 1838[see transportation 2 b].
c. To carry away or convey into banishment, as a criminal or a slave; to deport.
1666Act 18 & 19 Chas. II, c. 3 §2 It shall be lawfull to and for the Justices..to transport or cause to be transported the said Offenders..into any of his Majestyes Dominions in America. 1667Pepys Diary 8 Sept., A prisoner being condemned at Salisbury for a small matter... They were considering to transport him to save his life. 1759Hume Hist. Eng. III. lxi. 326 The rest were sold for slaves and transported to Barbadoes. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 177 It was provided that the offender should not be transported to New England.
3. fig. To ‘carry away’ with the strength of some emotion; to cause to be beside oneself, to put into an ecstasy, to enrapture.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xxv. (Percy Soc.) 179 But loke hye his hart to transport. 1596Spenser Hymne Heavenly Beautie iii, Transported with celestiall desyre Of those faire formes. 1604E. G[rimstone] tr. D'Acosta's Hist. Indies i. xxi. 69 They stood transported with amazement. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 81 Onely begotten Son, seest thou what rage Transports our adversarie? 1712Addison Hymn, ‘When all thy mercies’, i, Transported with the view, I'm lost In wonder, love, and praise. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge lxxi, Transported with the thought that rescue had at length arrived, Emma and Dolly shrieked aloud for help. |