| 释义 |
▪ I. proceed, n.|ˈprəʊsiːd|
Also 7 procede.
[f. next.]
†1. The action, or manner, of proceeding or going on; proceeding, procedure; course. Obs.
1628in Crt. & Times Chas. I (1848) I. 344 He now looks for a present proceed in his affairs, laying by all unnecessary delays. 1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 1 For one more orderly proceed into the body of this Work. 1674Owen Vind. Doctr. Communion Wks. 1851 II. 297 His proceed in the same page is to except against that revelation of the wisdom of God which I affirm to have been made.
2. That which proceeds, is derived, or results from something; that which is obtained or gained by any transaction; produce, outcome, profit. Now almost always in pl. proceeds.
sing.1643Declar. Commons, Reb. Irel. 48 Saint Mallo in France, where the Hides were sold, and the proceed returned unto him in the said Ship. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. i. xxix. 47 The only procede (that I may use the mercantile term) you can expect is thanks. Ibid. II. 105 The procede of this exchange wil come far short of any Gentlemans expectations. 1767S. Paterson Another Trav. I. 256 The neat proceed of the same sum, expended in the same given time..will amount only to [etc.]. 1891Stevenson Valima Lett. viii. (1895) 74 Dust and not flour is the proceed.
pl.1665Pepys Diary 11 Dec., About {pstlg}350,000 sterling was coined out of the French money, the proceeds of Dunkirke. 1706Phillips, Proceed, that which arises from a thing; as The Neat Proceeds among Merchants. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iii. I. 287 The net proceeds of the customs amounted in the same year to five hundred and thirty thousand pounds. 1885Sir W. B. Brett in Law Rep. 14 Q.B. Div. 877 Handing over the proceeds of sale to the execution creditor.
▪ II. proceed, v.|prəʊˈsiːd|
Forms: 4–8 procede, 5–7 -ceede, 6 -ceade, Sc. -ceid(e, (-sede, prossed), 6– proceed.
[ME. procede-n, a. F. procéder (13–14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), a. L. prōcēd-ĕre to go forward, advance, go on: see pro-1 and cede.]
1. intr. To go, move, or travel forward; to make one's way onward; esp. to move onward after interruption or stoppage, or after reaching a certain point; to continue one's movement or travel.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 12 The kyng procedyng forthe upon his way, Kome to the Condyte made in cercle wise. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 26 Before we procede on our iourney. a1550Sir A. Barton in Surtees Misc. (1888) 72 But up in haist he did prossed. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage iii. vi. 224 Then proceeding on their way, they finde an Arch. 1743J. Morris Serm. vii. 183 Elisha..did not procede on his intended journey. 1768Woman of Honor III. 87 This intention of her's, to proceed for Lancashire. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 18 Accompanied by our guide, we proceeded to the glacier.
2. intr. To ‘go on’ with or carry on an action or series of actions, a discourse, an investigation, etc.; esp. with reference to the manner or order observed. Also with indirect passive.
c1400Apol. Loll. 13 To þe worschip of our Lord Jhesu Crist, & due ordre procedand up þe gospel. c1400Destr. Troy 5159 To holde A counsell in the case,..And procede on hor purpos, as prise men of wer. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys Introd. (Roxb.) 1 Two thyngys..To advertysyn begynnyng a werk If he procedyn wyl ordeneely. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 364 The cause, why the Emperor proceded on thys wise against them. a1586Sidney Ps. xv, Who thus proceeds, for aye in sacred mount shall raign. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. xx. 59 Matters also of private regard were there proceeded upon. 1718Free-thinker No. 27 ⁋1 The true Philosopher must always proceed with a sober Pace. 1884F. Temple Relat. Relig. & Sc. vii. (1885) 210 Science proceeds in far the majority of cases by trial of some theory as a working hypothesis.
†b. To carry on an argument, to argue, debate. it is proceeded = it is argued. Obs. rare.
c1449Pecock Repr. 208 As for answere and assoiling to the firste argument, y procede thus. Ibid. 565 Aȝens al this blamyng..it is procedid in othere placis of my writingis. 1724A. Collins Gr. Chr. Relig. 120 Who proceeds with them on the supposition of a lost New Testament.
c. To deal with; to treat, act (in some way, esp. judicially) with regard to. (With indirect passive.)
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 141 Ye to be juge, and lyk as ye proceede. We shal obeye to your ordynaunce. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. ii. xiv. (1674) 157 These men..ought not to be proceeded with, with such rigour. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 69, I will not hide My judgments, how with Mankind I proceed. 1737Pope Hor. Epist. ii. ii. 157 But how severely with themselves proceed The men, who write such Verse as we can read? 1831in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 330 The party offending should not only be disfranchised, but otherwise proceeded with to the utmost rigour of the law.
d. spec. To institute and carry on a legal action or process; to take legal proceedings, go to law (against, † upon a person). With indirect (formerly impersonal) passive.
c1440Gesta Rom. iv. 10 (Harl. MS.) Þerfore we aske of you, þat it be procedid aȝenst him, as owith to be don aȝen a breker of þe lawe. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxxxii. 255 Yf ye wyll procede vpon Huon by iustyce. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iv. i. 179 In such rule, that the Venetian Law Cannot impugne you as you do proceed. 1607― Cor. iii. i. 314 Proceed by Processe, Least parties..breake out. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §148 Direction in what manner he should proceed against such as refused.
3. intr. With stress on the progress or continuance of the action: To go on, advance, to continue acting, speaking, etc.: in various shades of meaning.
a. To go on with or continue what one has begun; to advance from the point already reached, go further, pursue one's course; to go on after interruption, renew or resume action or speech.
1390Gower Conf. I. Prol. 38 Ther wist non what other mente. So that thei myhten noght procede. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483) v. xi. 103 Procedeth now forth in youre mater. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 8 Thou schalt have strenghte, and myghte, Forth to procede in long felicite. 1535Coverdale 1 Sam. xix. 2 And Ionathas proceaded further, and sware vnto Dauid (he loued him so well). 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 16 b, Exhorting him to procede as he hath begonne. 1665Hooke Microgr. x. 74, I proceeded on with my trial. 1769Goldsm. Hist. Rome (1786) II. 378 In this manner Perennius proceeded sacrificing numbers of the Senate. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. I. v. 350 Henry..was determined to proceed with the divorce. 1874Green Short Hist. viii. §3. 484 The Commons..refused to proceed with public business till their members were restored.
b. To go on to do something; to advance to another action, subject, etc.; to pass on from one point to another in a series or sequence of any kind (said also of the series, or of its terms or items).
1390Gower Conf. III. 105, I wol procede To speke upon Mathematique. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. i. (1520) 6/2 Of thes men is lytel wryten in scrypture and therfore I procede to other. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer, Ordering Deacons, Then shal the Bisshop procede to the Communion. 1590Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 2, I will begin with one of their toyes, and so proceed to greater matters. 1674T. Campion Art of Descant 41 The one part proceding by degree, the other by leap. 1690Locke Hum. Und. i. i. §8 Before I proceed on to what I have thought on this Subject. 1743Emerson Fluxions 35 The Terms in the horizontal Row must be placed to proceed from the greater Indices to the lesser. 1774Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry Sect. iii. (1840) I. 116, I therefore proceed to observe, that [etc.]. 1825Thirlwall Crit. Ess. 168 The narrative proceeds from one incident to another, by the slightest connecting phrases. 1854Brewster More Worlds xv. 221 From the globular clusters of stars our author proceeds to the binary systems.
c. absol. To continue or pursue one's discourse (in speech or writing); to go on to say.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xiii. (Percy Soc.) 52, I must procede, and shew of Arismetrik With divers nombres which I must reporte. 1570Henry's Wallace vi. 72 + 6 Heirof as now I will na mair proceid. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 570 The Conqueror is dismaid: Proceede good Alexander. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 280 To proceed, the land of Egypt is highly renowned. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. vi. 19 Proceed, my Muse: Two Satyrs, on the Ground Stretch'd at his Ease, their Sire Silenus found. 1814Scott Wav. xxxiii, He paused, and then proceeded; ‘I do not intrude myself on your confidence [etc.]’. 1868Milman St. Paul's 37 The Holy Sacraments, he proceeds, were frightfully profaned.
d. To carry on an action or discourse to a particular point or stage; to advance (so far), make some progress. Now rare or merged in sense a.
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 24 b, When he had a litle proceded, he demaundeth of him in Latin, whether he wil kepe the Catholicke faith. 1643in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 492 The..rampier.., begun and considerablie proceeded in in ould time.., was this yeare recontinued. 1660Trial Regic. 105 The treaty was so far proceeded in that it was near a perfection. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §132 We again proceeded towards mooring the sloop.
†e. In emphatic sense: To make progress, advance, get on; to prosper. Obs.
c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta iv. iii, This is the hour wherein I shall proceed; Oh, happy hour, wherein I shall convert An infidel. 1611B. Jonson Catiline iii. i, These things, when they proceed not, they go backward. 1706Lond. Gaz. No. 4191/1 The French proceed but very slowly in the Siege of the Castle. 1777Johnson Let. to Mrs. Thrale 18 Sept., Invite Mr. Levet to dinner, and make enquiry what family he has, and how they proceed.
4. intr. To advance, in one's university course, from graduation as B.A. to some higher degree, as master or doctor. In the Inns of Court, to advance or be admitted to the status of a barrister.
One is said to graduate B.A., to proceed M.A., B.D., etc. (in U.S. also to proceed B.A.).
1479W. Paston in P. Lett. III. 246, I supposed..that the Qwenys broder schold have procedyd at Mydsomer. 1536Act 28 Hen. VIII, c. 13 §5 Any person..which shal resorte to any of the sayde vniuersities to procede doctours in diuinitie. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. V 37 b, Althoughe I..haue not proceded to degre in the Vniuersitie. 1563Foxe A. & M. 1297/1 He proceaded Bachelour of Diuinitye in the sayde Vniuersitye of Cambridge. 1611Rich Honest. Age (Percy Soc.) 41, I am a scholler, and I haue proceeded maister in the seauen Liberall Sciences. 1640Yorke Union Hon. 131 After hee became student in the Temple, where he proceeded Barrester. 1702C. Mather Magn. Chr. ii. ix. (1852) 154 His eldest son he maintained at the Colledge until he proceeded master of arts. 1828H. Gunning Ceremonies Univ. Camb. (new ed.) 168 Between the two Congregations he [a B.A. of 3 yrs. standing] visits the Vice-Chancellor..(Note. The practice of visiting is now discontinued. The Candidates for degrees ask the Vice-Chancellor leave to proceed as he is quitting the Senate-House.) 1833B. Peirce Hist. Harvard Univ. 52 In 1656 he proceeded Bachelor of Arts. 1879M. Pattison Milton i. 8 In 1632, when he proceeded to his M.A. degree, Milton was twenty-four. 1893Daily News 24 Mar. 5/3 The new Archdeacon was educated at St. John's College, Oxford, graduated B.A...in 1847, and proceeded M.A. in 1851, B.D. in 1856, and D.D. in 1860. 1899Oxf. Univ. Cal. 74 A Bachelor of Arts can proceed to the degree of Master in the twenty-seventh Term from his Matriculation, provided [etc.].
b. transf. and fig. To advance to some status or function; to grow or develop into; to become.
1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 159 That as you haue proued learned Philosophers, you will also proceede excellent diuines. 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. Prol., To make a child now swadled, to proceed Man. 1647Fuller Good Th. in Worse T. (1841) 152 Shall a plant take a new degree and proceed sensible? 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 440 Shooting out with Legs, and imp'd with Wings, The Grubs proceed to Bees with pointed Stings. 1704Hearne Duct. Hist. (1714) I. 224 After they were become Masters in the Law, they proceeded Rabbi or Doctor.
5. intr. Of an action, process, etc.
a. To go on, be carried on, take place; to take effect. (Cf. 2.)
c1440Alphabet of Tales 28 If þe law procede for me, be þe sentance of þe law I sall aw þe no thyng, for I ouercom þe. 1521Maldon, Essex, Town clerk's oath of office Liber B. lf. 57 b, Ye shall truly write all siche procese as shall procede this yere betwix party and party. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. ii. 181 He will..tell you What hath proceeded worthy note to day. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 244 With Diligence the fragrant Work proceeds. 1726Ayliffe Parergon 352 This Rule..proceeds and takes place when the Ambiguity thereof consists in some Points of Law alone. 1878Browning La Saisiaz 85 Forth I fared:..Saw proceed the transmutation—Jura's black to one gold glow.
b. To go on or advance to a certain point; to be carried on further, to continue. (Cf. 3.)
1670Marvell Corr. Wks. (Grosart) II. 319 The two Bills are both yet proceeded no further then to a commitment. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. (1827) I. 122 To what a pitch..the depravity of the poet had proceeded. 1885Law Times Rep. LIII. 466/2 The jury was discharged by consent, and the case proceeded before the judge alone. 1892‘F. Anstey’ Voces Pop. Ser. ii. 156 The Pantomime proceeds without further disturbance.
†6. trans. To proceed with, or cause to proceed; to carry on; in pass., of legal proceedings. Obs.
1433Rolls of Parlt. IV. 441/2 John Duc of Norffolk..besekes..yat in yis matier nothing be proceded, nor putte in execution, to his disheritance.., duryng his noun age. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. cxiv. [cx.] 327 Then I began to wake, to procede this historye more than I dyd before. 1585Reg. Privy Council Scot. IV. 9 That nathing suld be procedit aganis hir be vertew thairof. 1792M. Wollstonecraft Rights Wom. ii. 36 So that the man may only have to proceed, not to begin, the important task of learning to think and reason.
7. intr. To go or come forth; to issue.
a. lit. from († of), out of a material thing or place; and in directly derived uses. In quot. 1703, of position or direction, to arise or spring from.
1382Wyclif John xv. 26 A spirit of treuthe, the whiche procedith [gloss or cometh forth] of the fadir, he schal bere witnessing of me. 1420? Lydg. Assembly of Gods 1609 Oute of whos byll procedyd a gret leme..lyke a son beme. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxi. 41 Fra everilk mowth fair wirdis proceidis. 1526Tindale Matt. iv. 4 Every worde that proceadeth out off the mouth off God. 1548–9(Mar.) Bk. Com. Prayer, Communion, Nicene Creed, I beleue in the holy ghost, the Lorde and geuer of life, who procedeth from the father and the sonne. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. 1 xiii. 33 (margin) Laker is a kinde of gum that procedeth of the Ant. 1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iii. xvi. 170 There are many other Lakes in the high mountains, whence proceede brooks and rivers. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 30 It is fixed..by two small Shanks proceeding from that Edge of the Spring. 1813Sk. Charac. (ed. 2) I. 125 Soft sobs were heard proceeding from Catherine's bed. 1889Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 264 The most sumptuous work that has ever proceeded from the Cambridge Press.
b. spec. To be the issue or descendant of; to be descended, spring from (a parent, ancestor, or stock). Now rare or Obs.
1480Caxton Chron. Eng. iii. (1520) 27/2 Maria Cleophe the whiche was wedded to Alphe of whome proceded James the lesse. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 1 They were both of good birth, and proceeded of foure principal houses. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 381 Virgin Mother, Haile, High in the love of Heav'n, yet from my Loynes Thou shalt proceed, and from thy Womb the Son Of God most High. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 195 We all proceed from the loins of Adam.
c. fig. and gen. To issue, spring, arise, originate, emanate, result, be derived (from, † of a source or cause). Formerly also with other constructions: To arise, come into being, come to pass, happen.
c1393Chaucer Scogan 6 Allas from whens may þis þyng procede. 1484Caxton Fables of Poge iv, Wherof procedeth to me grete solas and playsyre. 1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (Percy Soc.) 24 Yf by your labour procedeth more rychesse. 1561T. Hoby tr. Castiglione's Courtyer i. (1577) c j b, Whereby somtime it proceedeth that..customes..which at sometyme haue beene in price, become not regarded. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. ii. 680 Teach me the various Labours of the Moon, And whence proceed th' Eclipses of the Sun. 1791Gentl. Mag. 22/2 Where deafness proceeds from an obstruction of the auditory duct, by wax. 1850McCosh Div. Govt. iii. iii. (1874) 425 One-half of man's exertions, and more than one-half of his happiness proceeds from hope. |