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单词 friezeadow
释义 I. frieze, n.1|friːz|
Forms: 5–6 fres(s)e, 5–7 fryce, fryse, 6 friese, fryze, 6–8 frees(e, -z(e, 5–9 frise, 6–9 frize, 7 freise, -ze, 6– frieze.
[a. Fr. frise (from 15th c.), f. friser (16th c.) to curl (hair, etc.): see frizz v.1]
1. A kind of coarse woollen cloth, with a nap, usually on one side only; now esp. of Irish manufacture. Also frieze-cloth, frieze-ware.
1418E.E. Wills (1882) 37 Also a gowne of grene frese.1462Mann. & Househ. Exp. 150 Item, payd ffor iij. ȝerdys off blakke ffryce ij. s. ob.1483Act 1 Ric. III, c. 8 §18 The making..of any Cloth called Frise Ware.a1529Skelton Wks. (Dyce) I. 121 In dud frese ye war schrynyd With better frese lynyd.1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iii. xix. (1634) 407 For this is truly said, that oftentimes in freese and course cloth dwelleth a purple heart.1611Speed Theat. Gt. Brit. vi. (1614) 11/1 A home-spun freeze-cloth.1627Lisander & Cal. v. 89 His wast-coate of redde fryse.1683Brit. Spec. 43 A thick Covering made of course Wool, having a Nap on both sides like Freez, worn by the Gauls and better sort of Britains to keep out the Cold.1765Sterne Tr. Shandy VII. xxi, An old calash..lined with green frize.1803Ann. Rev. I. 416 In the county of Wicklow a kind of frize and ratteen of pretty good quality, is very generally made for domestic uses.1827Miss Sedgwick H. Leslie (1872) II. 187 His dress was an overcoat of coarse frieze cloth.1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh iv. 540 Half St. Giles in frieze Was bidden to meet St. James in cloth of gold.
2. The nap or down on a plant; a tuft of the same. Obs.
1640Parkinson Theat. Bot. 255 Nine leaves, three whereof fall downe, having a freeze neere the bottomes.1657W. Coles Adam in Eden 110 Round Leaves..thicker and greener than those of the Butter-burr, with a little Down or freese.1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 109/1 Dittany hath..a Tassel in the middle..with a little Freez or Thrum.
3. In Leather-manuf. An imperfection in leather, consisting in a bruising or abrasion of the grain.
1885C. T. Davis Leather iv. xiii. 239 ‘Frieze’ is principally caused in the subsequent step of sweating when the grain of the hide is inclined to be tender and has the appearance of being scraped off.
4. attrib. and Comb. Chiefly simple attrib. or quasi-adj. = ‘made of frieze’, as in frieze coat (whence frieze-coated adj.). Also frieze-coat, a designation applied to an Irish peasant; frieze-leather = frizzed leather.
1531in Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 29 Wm Wey als. Smyȝth my old ffryse cotte.1535Ibid. 28 Sir John Sherman my ffryce gowne.c1550W. S. Disc. Common Weal Eng. ii. (1893) 82 In a kendall cote in somer or in a frese cote in winter.1563Foxe A. & M. 1365 1 Maister Latimer..wearing an olde threade⁓bare Bristowe fryse gowne gyrded to his bodye with a peny lether gyrdell.1594Plat Jewell-ho. iii. 72 A peece of freese-leather.1598Florio, Marrochino, Spanish lether, frizeleather.1610Rowlands Martin Mark-all A ij, Vp starts an old cacodemicall Academicke with his frize bonnet.1640W. M. Wandering Jew (1857) 22 A poore Ale-house is your Inne, an old Freeze Jerkin in Summer your Sonday-suit.1775Sheridan Duenna ii. iii, As ridiculous as gold lace on a frize coat.1796Coleridge Observ. Blossom 1st Feb., This dark, frieze-coated, hoarse, teeth-chattering Month.1845Disraeli Sybil (Rtldg.) 295 ‘Poor Ireland!’ said Gerard. ‘Well, I think the frieze-coats might give us a helping hand now, and employ the troops at least.’1886Hall Caine Son of Hagar ii. xvi, Paul had thrown on a long frieze ulster.
fig.1589Pappe w. Hatchet (1844) 39 Such frize jestes uppon fustion earnest.
II. frieze, n.2 Arch.|friːz|
Forms: 5 fres, 6 frise, fryse, 6–7 frese, 6–9 frize, 7 freese, 7–8 freeze, 8 freze, 7– frieze.
[a. Fr. frise fem., which (with Sp. friso masc.) is prob. related in some way to the synonymous It. fregio masc., also ‘border, fringe, ornament’:—L. Phrygium (sc. opus) a Phrygian work (cf. Phrygiæ vestes embroidered garments).]
1. That member in the entablature of an order which comes between the architrave and cornice. Also in extended sense (see quot. 1850).
1563Shute Archit. D iv b, The Architraue, frise, and Cornish..Zophorus, which we cal y⊇ frese.1644Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 110 The room..is tapestried with crimson damask..the frieze above rarely painted.1656Davenant Siege of Rhodes i. Dram. Wks. 1873 III. 259 In the middle of the freese was a compartiment, wherein was written Rhodes.1726Leoni Designs Pref. 2/1 Makes the projection of the Architrave..hide the Freze.1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) II. 57 note, The..frieze adorned in stucco with sea-monsters.a1774Goldsm. Descr. Author's Bed. Chamb. 17 With beer and milk arrears, the frieze [of a mantel-piece] was scored.1812–16J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 158 Stiffly ornamented friezes.1850Parker Gloss. Archit. (ed. 5) 221 Any horizontal broad band which is occupied by sculpture may be correctly termed a frieze (and is so by architectural writers), whether it form part of an entablature or be placed in any other position.1852A. Jameson Leg. Madonna (1857) 148 A frieze of angelic boys ornaments the alcove.
b. A band of painted or sculptured decoration.
1847Disraeli Tancred i. vi, They entered the ball-room..the walls of looking-glass, enclosing friezes of festive sculpture.1851Layard Pop. Acc. Discov. Nineveh xiii. 344 A thin coat of plaster, on which were painted figures and ornamental friezes.
2. a. In a column (also frieze of the capital) = hypotrachelium. b. In a cannon: The encircling ring immediately behind the cornice-ring (see cornice 4).
1569–91Spenser Vis. Bellay iv, The chapters Alablaster, the fryses christall.1663Gerbier Counsel 32 The Freese, Gul or Throat.1692Capt. Smith's Seaman's Gram. ii. vi. 94 C is the Freeze [of a cannon].1711Pope Temp. Fame 142 The freezes gold, and gold the capitals.
3. attrib. and Comb., as frieze-work. Also frieze-orders pl., those in which a frieze is always a part of the entablature; frieze-panel, (a) one of the uppermost panels of a six-panelled door; (b) the lower part of a gun-port (Adm. Smyth); frieze-rail, the rail below the frieze-panels.
1663Gerbier Counsel 31 Any of the *Frese orders.
1678Moxon Mech. Exerc. I. 106 The *Friese Pannel above the *Friese Rail.1859Gwilt Encycl. Arch. (ed. 4) 568 In⁓doors, the upper rails are called top rails; the next in descending, frize rails..The panels are also named from their situations on the door; thus CC, being the uppermost, are called frize panels.
1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) V. 1773 Nothing is to be seen without a kind of *freeze-work, or a representation of some animal upon it.
Hence friezed ppl. a. [-ed2], furnished with a frieze; friezeless a., having no frieze.
1819J. H. Wiffen Aonian Hours (1820) 76 Night's shrieking bird Flaps the friezed window with her wing.1852Willis Summer Cruise in Medit. xl. 244 Some friezeless portico.
III. frieze, v.1|friːz|
Forms: see frieze n.1
[ad. F. friser or Sp. frisar; perh. identical with the vb. of the same form represented by frieze v.2: see frizz v.1]
1. trans. To cover with a nap; = cotton v.1 1. Obs. exc. Hist.
1509,1557[see friezed ppl. a.1].1541Act 33 Hen. VIII, c. 15 Many poore people haue ben well set a worke..with dressing & frising of the said cottons.1591[see cotton v.1 1].1601[see friezed ppl. a.1 1].1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2009/8 For Beautifying of Cloth..by Napping and Freezing the same without Honey.1885Fortn. in Waggonette 61 There were mills for scouring, fulling, and friezing cloth.
2. = frizz v.1 (q.v. for examples in the forms freeze, frize). Obs.
3. To brush lightly over. (= F. friser ‘effleurer’, Littré.) Cf. frizzle v.1 3. Obs.
1622Peacham Compl. Gent. 115 For Leather..take yellow Oker..and where you will have it darker, by degrees, mix Umber with it, and when you have wrought it over, take a broad Pencil and frieze it over with Umber.
4. Comb., frieze-board (see quot.).
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 348/1 The [Clothiers] Frise Board is that by which the Cloth after it is sheared hath a Nap or Curl put upon it.
Hence ˈfriezing vbl. n.1; also attrib.
1565Act 8 Eliz. c. 7 §4 No Person..shall use or exercise the Faculty of Frizing or Cottoning.1694Lond. Gaz. No. 2985/4 A new built Water-Mill..containing..a Fryzing Mill, a Raising Mill for Cloth.
IV. frieze, v.2|friːz|
[ad. F. friser, related to frise frieze n.2; chiefly in pa. pple. frisé, whence med.L. frisātus embroidered (with gold).]
1. trans. To embroider with gold; to work (gold) into arabesques, etc. Now rare.
1577–87[see friezed ppl. a.2].1881Academy 28 May 400/2 A magnificent screen—golden in hue and patterned and friezed in exquisitely delicate arabesque.
2. Naut. (See quots.)
1769[implied in friezing vbl. n.2].1771Rear Admiral J. Montagu To Secretary of Admiralty 15 Apr., An order to the Navy Board ‘for his Majesty's ship Captain to be freezed on the quarters’.
3. To cover (a silver plate) with chased patterns.
Now used by workmen with reference to ‘frosted work’, and associated with freeze v.
1678Lond. Gaz. No. 1301/4 Lost..A round Gold Watch..the Dial plate freezed with a little knot in the middle.1683Ibid. 1800/4 A round Silver Watch..with a Freiz'd Dial-Plate.1684Ibid. 1938/4 A Silver Watch with..long frized Hours on the Dyal Plate.
V. frieze, friezeadow
see freeze, frizado.
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