| 释义 |
aggression|əˈgrɛʃən|
[a. Fr. agression, formerly aggr- (16th c. in Littré); ad. L. aggressiōn-em n. of action f. aggred-i: see aggress v.]
1. An unprovoked attack; the first attack in a quarrel; an assault, an inroad.
1611Cotgr., Aggression, an aggression, assault, incounter, or first setting on. 1693J. Owen Holy Spirit 227 An extraordinary Aggression was to be made upon the Kingdom of Sathan. 1793T. Jefferson Writings (1859) IV. 12 We have borne with their aggressions. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. 31 An unjust aggression upon their ancient liberties. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. (1875) II. iii. xliv, The sand drift is making aggressions at certain points.
2. The practice of setting upon any one; the making of an attack or assault.
a1704Lestrange (J.) There may be also..a conspiracy of common enmity and aggression. 1721Bailey, Aggression, setting upon. 1776Adam Smith W.N. I. Pref. 11 The business of government is to check aggression only. 1799Wellington in Gen. Desp. I. 17 A war of agression against the Company. 1851McCulloch Taxation iii. i. 410 Hostile aggression and insult must be opposed and avenged. 1868Peard Water-farming xv. 158 The stock..will be safe from aggression. 1955Bull. Atomic Sci. Mar. 97/1 This is clearly the future reserved for all those who are unable or unwilling to resist Communist aggression or infiltration. 1957R. N. C. Hunt Guide Communist Jargon 1 Aggression can be predicated only of imperialist Powers, which is in line with the distinction made in communist theory between ‘just’ and ‘unjust’ wars. 1959Observer 19 Apr. 1/4 A 21-nation United Nation General Assembly Committee has voted to delay for three years an attempt to define aggression.
3. Psychol. Hostile or destructive tendency or behaviour, held to arise from repressed feelings of inferiority, frustration or guilt. (Except in textbooks not clearly distinguishable from senses 1 or 2.) Also, feeling or energy displayed in asserting oneself, in showing drive or initiative; aggressiveness, assertiveness, forcefulness. (Usu. as a positive quality.)
1912A. A. Brill tr. Freud's Sel. Papers on Hysteria vii. 160 We no longer deal here with sexual passivity but with pleasurably accomplished aggressions. 1917Glueck & Lind tr. Adler's Neurotic Constitution (1921) v. 156 The neurotic succeeds in..this new line so skillfully as to manage to set up an aggression which enables him to dominate and torture others. 1918A. A. Brill tr. Freud's 3 Contribs. to Theory of Sex 22 The sexuality of most men shows a taint of aggression. 1932S. Herbert Unconscious in Life & Art 153 For the repression rouses the innate tendency to aggression against those who interfere with the original libidinous impulses. 1943J. S. Huxley Evol. Ethics iii. 22 Victims of a distorted and hyperactive conscience, charged with aggression which seeks an outlet in attacking in others all those tendencies of which itself bears the unconscious guilty burden. 1960A. S. Neill Summerhill (1962) i. 20 Well, every child has to have some aggression in order to force his way through life. The exaggerated aggression we see in unfree children is an overprotest against hate that has been shown toward them. 1968Listener 11 Jan. 59/1 So I would say that Newsroom is strategically well placed to be a success. It is also being presented with aggression and self-confidence. 1968A. Storr Human Aggression ii. 19 Once we can bring ourselves to abandon the pleasure principle, it is easy to accept the idea that the achievement of dominance, the overcoming of obstacles, and the mastery of the external world, for all of which aggression is necessary, are as much innate human needs as sexuality or hunger. 1984Guardian Weekly 9 Dec. 24/3 They'll need more aggression than they showed in allowing superiority over Coventry City at the weekend to slip away. |