| 释义 |
▪ I. frush, n.1 Obs. exc. Sc.|frʌʃ|
Also 4–5 frusche, 4–6 frusshe, (5 frushe, 9 arch. frusch).
[a. OF. fruis, frois, n. of action f. fruissier, froissier: see frush v.]
†1. A rush, charge, onset, collision. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xiii. 292 He and all his cumpany..In-till a frusche all tuk the flycht. c1400Melayne 268 Righte at the firste frusche thay felde Fyve thowsande knyghtis. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. xxi, All in a frushe in all the haste they may They ran. a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxxx. 474 So they aprochyd, and al at a frusshe of both partyes dasshed together.
b. The noise caused by this; the crash of breaking weapons, etc.
1375Barbour Bruce xii. 545 Men mycht her, that had beyn by, A gret frusche of the speres that brast. 1805Southey Madoc ii. xix, With horrible uproar and frush Of rocks that meet in battle. 1875J. Veitch Tweed 144 Of mingling spears a shivering frusch.
2. collect. Fragments, splinters.
1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 18 Al the frushe and leauings of Greeks. 1819W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd (1827) 190 Some brak in sma' The carvit wark..Sending the glory o' the wa' In fritter't frush about.
▪ II. frush, n.2 Obs. exc. dial.|frʌʃ|
[Of uncertain origin; Topsell's suggestion (quot. 1607) seems not impossible. It might be plausibly regarded as a subst. use of frush a.; but that word has not been found earlier than the nineteenth century.]
= frog n.2 Also (more fully running frush) a disease which attacks this part of a horse's foot; thrush.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 324 The frush is the tenderest part of the hoof towards the heel..and because it is fashioned like a forked head, the French men call it ‘Furchette’ which word our farriers..perhaps for easiness sake of pronuntiation, do make it a monosyllable, and pronounce it the ‘frush’. 1639T. de la Grey Compl. Horsem. 9 Let her shooes be taken off, her feet pared well, the Frush and heeles opened. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 152/2 The running of the Frush; which is a rotten corrupt humour, that comes out of his [a horse's] Leg. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Hoof, When the Frush is broad, the Heels will be weak. 1737Bracken Farriery Impr. (1757) II. 32 A large Coronet is often accompanied with a tender Heel and running Frush. 1754Dict. Arts & Sc. II. 1350 Frush, or Frog, among farriers, a sort of tender horn which arises in the middle of a horse's sole. 1892Northumbld. Gloss., Frush, the thrush, or tender part of a horse's foot.
▪ III. frush, a. Sc. and north. dial.|frʌʃ|
[? f. frush v.; but cf. the synonymous frough a.]
1. Liable to break; brittle, dry, fragile. Cf. frushy a.
1802in Scott Minstr. Scott. Bord. II. 142 O wae betide the frush saugh wand! 1826Blackw. Mag. XIX. 243 Frush becomes the whole cover in a few seasons; and not a bird can open its wing..without scattering the straw like chaff. 1834M. Scott Cruise Midge (1863) 200 The bottom of the pulpit being auld and frush the wooden tram flew crash through. 1878Cumberld. Gloss., Frush, very brittle; crumbly. 1880Antrim & Down Gloss., Frush, brittle, as applied to wood, &c.: said of flax when the ‘shoughs’ separate easily from the fibre.
fig.1823Galt Entail I. 59 When we think o' the frush green kail-custock-like nature of bairns.
2. Soft, not firm in substance.
1848T. Aird Frank Sylvan Poet. Wks. 302 They..peel the foul brown film of rind [of the earth-nut] away To the pure white, and taste it soft and frush. 1889Daily News 12 Nov. 2/1 Beef that is in the flabby, unwholesome-looking condition that the butchers call ‘frush’.
3. Frank, forward. Aberd. (Jam.) ? Obs.
1779in J. Skinner's Misc. Poetry (1809) 183 Ye're unco frush At praising what's nae worth a rush.
▪ IV. frush, v.|frʌʃ|
Forms: 4–6 frusch(e, frus(s)he, (4 frussche, fruyshe, froche), 6– frush. Also (sense 5) 8 frust.
[a. OF. fruissier, froissier (mod.F. froisser):—popular L. *frustiāre to shiver in pieces, f. L. frustum fragment: see frustum.]
†1. trans. To strike violently so as to crush, bruise, or smash. Obs.
13..K. Alis. 1814 To frusche the gadelyng, and to bete, And none of heom on lyve lete. c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 201 Lest þei frushen her owne brest at þe hard stoone. c1477Caxton Jason 138 They frusshed his helme and made him a meruaillous wounde in his hede. 1588Greene Pandosto (1607) 10 High Cedars are frushed with tempests, when lowe shrubs are not toucht with the wind. 1609Heywood Brit. Troy xi. lxv, With fury each invades His opposite their mutual armour frushing.
†b. with adv. or advb. phrase. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Petrus 588 Harnise and sched & body all Fruschit in peciss vndir small. c1500Lancelot 1201 Thei fond his scheld was fruschit al to nocht. 1534More On the Passion Wks. 1275/1 Enmyty wil I put betwene thee and the woman..she shal frushe thyne head in peeces. 1569T. Stocker tr. Diod. Sic. iii. ii. 107 He was..frushed and brused to death. 1609Bible (Douay) Judg. v. 11 The chariottes were frushed together.
†c. To dash (a person) aback, down, etc. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. II. 204 Where evere þis spirit takiþ him he fruyshiþ him doun. c1400Destr. Troy 3225 Þai..frusshit hom abake. Ibid. 5931 He frusshet so felly freikes to ground.
†d. fig. To crush, disable. Obs.
c1470Henry Wallace iii. 197 The Sothroune part so frusched was that tide, That in the stour thai mycht no langar bide. c1510More Picus Wks. 9/1 Refreshing all his membres that were bruised and frushed with that feuer. 1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. in Holinshed (1807–8) VI. 38 They are sore frusht with sicknesse.
†2. intr. To rush violently; also with in, out, together. Also in comb. again-frushe: see again- 2.
1375Barbour Bruce xvi. 161 Horss com thair fruschand, hed for hed. c1400Destr. Troy 11893 Þan the freike shuld frusshe out, & a fyre make. Ibid. 11927 The grekes..Frushet in felly at the faire yates. c1400Melayne 469 A fire þan fro þ⊇ crosse gane frusche. c1400Mandeville (1839) xxii. 238 Thei frusschen to gidere fulle fiercely. c1430Syr Gener (Roxb.) 3831 He com frushing, and leid on, And sleugh ther many a worthie mon. c1450Merlin 208 Thei frussht bothe on an hepe, the horse and his maister.
3. trans. To rub harshly, scratch. Obs. exc. dial.
c1400Destr. Troy 13940 He..ffowle frusshet his face with his felle nailes. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy) 39 With his berde he frusshed hir mouthe un-mete. [1877N.W. Linc. Gloss., Frush, to rub, to rub bright, to polish.]
†4. intr. To break, snap; to break or become broken under pressure; to become crushed. Obs. rare.
1489Barbour's Bruce xii. 57 (Edin. MS.) The hand-ax⁓schaft..fruschit..in twa. 1665J. Webb Stone-Heng 219 Timber-Work..to keep the Arras from frushing.
†5. trans. The technical expression for:
a. To carve (a chicken); cf. break v. 2 b.
b. To dress (a chub). Obs.
c1430Lydg. Hors, Shepe & G. (Roxb.) 33 A chekyn [is] frusshed. 1513Bk. Keruynge in Babees Bk. (1868) 265 Termes of a Keruer..frusshe that chekyn. 1708W. King Cookery 33 Persons of some Rank, and Quality, say, Pray cut up that Goose: Help me to some of that Chicken..not considering how indiscreetly they talk, before Men of Art, whose proper Terms are, Break that Goose, frust that Chicken. 1726Gentleman Angler 149 Frushed is a Term used for a Chub or Chevin when it is dressed; as to Frush, i.e. to Dress. 1787Best Angling (ed. 2) 168 Frush a chub, dress him.
6. To straighten, set upright (the feathers of an arrow). Obs. exc. Hist.
1548Hall Chron. (1809) 418 How quikly the Archers bent their bowes and frushed theire feathers. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xix. §56 The Archers stript vp their sleeues, bent their Bowes, and frushed their feathers. 1877C. M. Yonge Cameos Ser. iii. xx. 189 The archers strung their bows and ‘frushed’ their arrows.
Hence † ˈfrushing vbl. n. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xii. 504 At the assemble thair, Sic a frusching of speris wair That fer avay men mycht it her. c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 18 Than began great..frusshyng of speres, & bateryng of harneys wt swerdes. 1562W. Bullein Dial. Soarnes & Chir. 39 b, Euery riuyng, or frushyng of mannes fleshe, whiche maie be..by meanes of a wounde, and without a wounde. 1589Florio, Ammaccatura..a frushing together. |