| 释义 |
▪ I. reˈciprocate, a. rare.
[ad. L. reciprocāt-us, pa. pple. of reciprocāre: see next.]
†1. Complementary; closely connected. Obs.
1619J. Sempill Sacrilege Handled 28 They are of Nature, Reciprocate; that is, the one cannot be without the other. 1653Consid. Dissolv. Crt. Chancery 30 Principles..so interwoven and radicated in the very Being of Parliaments, so inseparable from it, and so reciprocate to it.
2. = reciprocal a. 2 b.
1833Fraser's Mag. VIII. 343 The congenial and reciprocate stupidity and ignorance of the majority of actors and the majority in audiences.
▪ II. reciprocate, v.|rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt|
[f. L. reciprocāt-, ppl. stem of reciprocāre, f. reciproc-us reciproque.]
1. intr.
†a. To go back, return; to have a backward direction. Obs.
1623Cockeram, Reciprocate, to returne from whence one came. 1629Jackson Creed vi. ii. xi. §4 Our thankfulness would reciprocate upon the fountain from which they flow. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. Introd., The gula, to which the intestine is joyned, which is single, and reciprocating towards the head.
b. To move backwards and forwards (now only Mech.); † to go up and down, to vary (obs.).
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. i. iv. §13. 221 Whereby things reciprocate forwards and backwards, as when a Bow is successively Intended and Remitted. 1730Phil. Trans. XXXVI. 254 Always in a Morning it reciprocated between 80 Deg. and 100 Deg. 1843Holtzapffel Turning II. 740 The saw blade is strained in a rectangular frame, which both reciprocates and descends in a vertical plane.
c. trans. To alternate the direction of; to cause to move backwards and forwards.
1653Harvey Anat. Exerc. (1673) 46 [The blood] like Euripus reciprocating its motion again and again, hither and hither. a1677Barrow Serm. xxix. Wks. 1700 I. 359 Vainly reciprocating the saw of endless contention. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1900/2 The propeller is reciprocated by a horizontal engine.
2. trans.
a. To give and receive in return or mutually; to interchange; † to have in common.
1611Cotgr., Reciproquer, to reciprocate, interchange, returne one for another. 1645Evelyn Diary 7 Feb. (Baiæ), The waters reciprocating their tides with the neighbouring sea. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 6 Affectionate adieus, reciprocated and interchanged between the King and herself. 1719J. T. Philipps tr. Thirty-four Confer. 34 We are not come here to reciprocate Questions and Answers out of this or that System of borrow'd Principles. 1837J. Phillips Geology 24 The sources of variation which are daily in action may not exactly reciprocate their influence. 1866Howells Venet. Life iii. 34 At night men crowd the close little caffès, where they reciprocate smoke, respiration, and animal heat.
b. To return, requite; to do, feel, etc., in or by way of return.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 68, I verily believe he reciprocated the sentiment with all his heart. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. i. ii. 21 He took some pains to reciprocate the civilities he had received by entertaining his hosts in return. 1903G. B. Shaw Man & Superman iii. 97 He..is peevish and sensitive when his advances are not reciprocated. 1922Joyce Ulysses 717 Hospitality extended and received in kind, reciprocated and reappropriated in person. 1924C. Mackenzie Old Men of Sea viii. 131, I was rather disappointed to hear that she was unlikely to reciprocate Dick Duffy's affection.
3. a. intr. To make a return or interchange with (another or others). Now rare or Obs.
1626R. Harris Hezekiah's Recov. 4 In manners wee must reciprocate with men, much more with God. a1662Heylin Laud i. (1671) 52 She so far reciprocated with him in the like affection..that some assurances past between them of a future Marriage. 1781Cowper Charity 119 'Tis thus reciprocating each with each Alternately the nations learn and teach.
b. spec. To make a return or exchange of good wishes. Also gen., to return love or liking.
1779Johnson in Boswell 12 Oct., Then when the two glasses of water were brought,..he said, ‘Madam, let us reciprocate’. 1874L. Carr Jud. Gwynne I. viii. 258 Oh! yes, thanks; quite right again. And I reciprocate by hoping that you have got over that horrible fire. 1883‘Mark Twain’ Life on Mississippi iv. 542 He had loved one ‘too fair for earth’, and she had reciprocated. 1916G. B. Shaw Androcles & Lion p. xxx, Unless you love your neighbor as yourself and he reciprocates you will both be the worse for it. 1922Joyce Ulysses 679 In what manners did she reciprocate? She remembered... She provided... She admired. 1936L. C. Douglas White Banners xi. 235 Hannah liked her, and felt that the girl heartily reciprocated.
4. a. trans. To make correspondent or convertible with; to convert. ? Obs.
1620T. Granger Div. Logike 47 End is adequate which is euened or reciprocated with the whole thing. 1640J. Stoughton Def. & Distrib. Divinity i. 38 It is more aptly resembled to a Rule or Canon, as it respects faith and things to be beleeved, with which it is every way reciprocated. 1788Reid Aristotle's Logic v. §2. 111 If the attribute cannot be reciprocated, it must be something contained in the definition or not.
b. intr. To be correspondent or in agreement (with something); to be equivalent or convertible.
1683O. U. Parish Churches No Conventicles 7 Logicians will tell [him]..that every Definition must reciprocate with the Thing defin'd. 1746S. Fielding Fashion in David Simple (1747) II. 290 Truth and Falshood can never reciprocate, but are immutably distinct thro' all Eternity. 1788T. Taylor Proclus' Comm. I. Diss. 44 Risibility..mutually reciprocates with its subject; since every man is risible, and whatever is risible is man. a1806Bp. Horsley Serm. (1812) I. ix. 175 This atonement was the end of the incarnation: And the two articles reciprocate.
5. Math.
a. trans. To find the reciprocal to (a curve).
1861Ferrers Trilinear Co-ordinates vi. 100 The process of generating E from L, or L from E, is called reciprocating L or E. Ibid. 103 If one conic be reciprocated with respect to another, the reciprocal curve will be an ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola, according as [etc.].
b. intr. To pass into by reciprocating.
1861Ferrers Trilinear Co-ordinates vi. 103 The asymptotes..reciprocate into the points of contact of the tangents drawn to the reciprocal curve from the centre of the auxiliary conic. 1885Sylvester Theory of Reciprocants iii.
Hence reˈciprocated ppl. a.
1782Cowper Friendship 48 'Tis a union that bespeaks Reciprocated duties. 1858W. Arnot Laws fr. Heaven for Life on Earth Ser. ii. xiv. 123 The heart of the man Christ Jesus yearns for the reciprocated love of saved men. |