| 释义 |
▪ I. fugue, n.|fjuːg|
Forms: 6–8 fuge, (7 fug), 7–8 feuge, 7– fugue.
[a. F. fugue, ad. It. fuga lit. ‘flight’:—L. fuga, related to fugĕre to flee.]
1. ‘A polyphonic composition constructed on one or more short subjects or themes, which are harmonized according to the laws of counterpoint, and introduced from time to time with various contrapuntal devices’ (Stainer and Barrett). double fugue (see quot. 1880).
1597Morley Introd. Mus. 76 We call that a Fuge, when one part beginneth and the other singeth the same, for some number of notes (which the first did sing). 1626Bacon Sylva §113 The Reports and Fuges have an Agreement with the Figures in Rhetorick, of Repetition, and Traduction. a1646J. Gregory Posthuma (1649) 48 The Contra⁓punctum figuratum, consisting of Feuges, or maintaining of Points. 1667Pepys Diary 15 Sept., The sense of the words being lost by not being heard, and especially as they set them with Fuges of words, one after another. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 563 His volant touch Instinct through all proportions low and high Fled and pursu'd transverse the resonant fugue. 1795Mason Ch. Mus. i. 59 The Fugue is indeed come into disrepute with Modern Masters. 1875Ouseley Mus. Form ii. 4 The art of Fugue can be mastered thoroughly by dint of laborious application. 1880Grove Dict. Mus. I. 459 Double Fugue, a common term for a fugue on two subjects, in which the two start together.
transf.1863Geo. Eliot Romola i. i, Elderly market-women..contributed a wailing fugue of invocation.
Comb.1869Ouseley Counterp. xviii. 150 Of all kinds of musical composition none perhaps is so important as the art of fugue-writing. 1876Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms 181/1 The simplest form of diatonic fugue-subject is that which lies in a compass of a fifth. 1959D. Cooke Lang. Mus. i. 8 A typical contrapuntal point or fugue-subject has no real significance until it takes its place in the construction as a whole.
2. Psychiatry. A flight from one's own identity, often involving travel to some unconsciously desired locality. It is a dissociative reaction to shock or emotional stress in a neurotic, during which all awareness of personal identity is lost though the person's outward behaviour may appear rational. On recovery, memory of events during the state is totally repressed but may become conscious under hypnosis or psycho-analysis. A fugue may also be part of an epileptic or hysterical seizure. Also attrib., as fugue state.
1901C. R. Corson tr. Janet's Mental State Hystericals 422 Those long flights (fugues),..those strange excursions, accomplished automatically, of which the patient has not the least recollection. 1923Ogden & Richards Meaning of Meaning vi. 220 ‘The Unconscious’ is what causes dreams, fugues, psychoses, humour and the rest. 1925J. Laird Our Minds & Their Bodies iv. 86 There is a palpable difference between man's behaviour in somnambulism, or in a fugue, or in masked epilepsy, and ordinary human conduct. 1946Landis & Bolles Textbk. Abnormal Psychol. vii. 94 A middle-aged embezzler recalled events that had occurred during a fugue state more than twenty years earlier, although he had not been able to remember them during the entire twenty years. 1961Lancet 29 July 240/1 She had also been a voluntary patient in a mental hospital..once after an epileptic fugue. 1965Rosen & Gregory Abnormal Psychol. ii. xii. 241 A fugue is a combination of amnesia and physical fright. The individual flees from his customary surroundings; what he is really trying to escape is his own fear. 1969Ullmann & Krasner Psychol. Approach to Abnormal Behavior ii. xv. 289/2 Two days before the fugue, an anonymous letter advised him that he was in danger.
▪ II. fugue, v.|fjuːg|
[f. prec. n.]
intr. To compose, or perform, a fugue. (Nonce-use, to fugue it.)
1834Beckford Italy I. 4 Half-a-dozen squeaking fiddles fugued and flourished away in the galleries. 1894Du Maurier Trilby i. 41 They fugued and canoned and counterpointed it.
So ˈfuguing vbl. n.; ˈfuguing ppl. a. (= fugued ppl. a.).
1694Purcell Playford's Skill Mus. (1697) 98 The third sort of Fugeing is called a Double Fuge. 1731Rules for Thorow-Bass in Holder's Harmony 200 Short Lessons by way of Fugeing. 1795Mason Ch. Mus. ii. 104 Dr. Tudway..had the boldness to declare, ‘that the practice of fuguing in vocal music obscured the sense.’ 1862W. W. Story Roba di R. iv. (1864) 48 The fuguing chants of the Papal choir sound..down the aisles. 1878Mrs. Stowe Poganuc P. vii. 56 Those old fuguing tunes were like the same [calm] ocean aroused by storming winds. |