| 释义 |
Führer|ˈfyːrə(r)|
Also Fuehrer.
[G., leader.]
Part of the title (Führer und Reichskanzler) assumed by Adolf Hitler (see Hitler) in 1934 as head of the German Reich, after the model of Duce. Also transf. and attrib.
1934N. & Q. CLXVII. 254/1 Since the Führer refuses permission for this, it is thought probable the German stamps will show the swastika. 1936A. Huxley Eyeless in Gaza viii. 91 Stupidity has come back, as a king—no; as an emperor, as a divine Führer of all the Aryans. 1937― Ends & Means v. 34 They yet persist in taking the same roads as are taken by the Duces and Fuehrers. 1943‘G. Orwell’ in Partisan Rev. July—Aug. 347 Some..declare that he has a ‘fuehrer complex’ and..would split it rather than share authority. 1944H. G. Wells '42 to '44 183 Galton had the mental disposition of a Fascist and was all for fuehrers and duces. 1948E. E. Cummings Let. 24 Sept. (1969) 186 Presently a smallish mob of muckers..materialized, & their führer-commissar suggested a friendly snowfight. 1959Sunday Times 14 June 22/5 The cold and pointless ferocity of the gang fights came out vividly in interviews..with two or three young fuehrers. 1967Spectator 29 Dec. 819/3 Mr. Gordon Walker..issued his führer order that the Bloomsbury site be scrapped.
Hence Führer-prinzip (or principle): see quot. 1950.
1937Auden Let. in Auden & MacNeice Lett. fr. Iceland v. 57 The Teutonic Führer-Prinzip would have appealed to you. 1940Ann. Reg. 1939 148 The tendency to adopt the ‘führer’ principle would threaten religious life and freedom. 1950Theimer & Campbell Encycl. World Politics 176/2 The Fuehrer Prinzip was the principle that the fuehrer had the right to command and the people the duty to obey him. 1959Chambers's Encycl. XI. 51/2 Fascism was inherently militaristic and anti-democratic, with the ‘Führer-principle’ as its dominant political idea. |