| 释义 |
triumvir|traɪˈʌmvə(r)|
Also 7 -ver. Pl. -virs, or in L. form -viri |-vɪraɪ|.
[a. L. triumvir, usually in pl. triumvirī (also trēsvirī), back-formation from trium virōrum, gen. pl. of trēs virī three men.]
Rom. Hist. One of three magistrates or public officers forming a committee charged with one of the departments of the administration; also, a member of the coalition of Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus, 60 b.c. (first triumvirate), or of the administration of Cæsar, Antony, and Lepidus, 43 b.c. (second triumvirate).
1579–80North Plutarch (1595) 940 M. Anthony the Triumuir. 1600Holland Livy vi. xxi. 232 They created certaine Quinqueviri for the division of the Pomptine lands: and Triumviri for the planting of a colonie at Nepet. 1697Dryden æneid Notes 626 Virgil had..describ'd the Miseries which Rome had undergone betwixt the Triumvirs and the Common-wealth-Party. 1704Hearne Duct. Hist. (1714) I. 378 Three Men called Triumviri were yearly appointed to be Judges what Lands were Public and what Private. 1814Byron Corsair ii. xv, Yet be the soft triumvir's fault forgiven. 1847Tennyson Princ. vii. 116 By axe and eagle sat, With all their foreheads drawn in Roman scowls..The fierce triumvirs.
b. transf. and fig. pl. Three persons (or things) associated in power or authority; cf. triumvirate 2, 3; spec. in the French Revolution: see quot. 1895.
1619Purchas Microcosmus v. 34 Those Triumviri, the Liver, Heart, and Braine. 1788Gentl. Mag. Jan. 16/2 Those triumviri in the republick of letters, Lipsius, Casaubon, Scaliger. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. III. vi. vii, Saint-Just is standing motionless,..Couthon ejaculating, ‘Triumvir?’.. Robespierre is struggling to speak. 1894Q. Rev. July 98 Keble, Newman and Pusey have been called its Triumvirs. 1895Edin. Rev. Oct. 388 The Triumvirs, as they were called,—that is, Robespierre, Couthon, and St. Just.
Hence triˈumvirship, triumvirate.
1597Beard Theatre God's Judgem. (1612) 411 In the beginning of his triumuirship. 1870Echo 7 Nov., The narrow escape we have had from another Reign of Terror, under the triumvirship of..MM. Flourens, Pyat, and Blanqui. |