| 释义 |
▪ I. galling, vbl. n.1|ˈgɔːlɪŋ|
[f. gall v.1 + -ing1.]
1. The action of the verb gall in various senses; the condition of being galled.
1546T. Phaer Bk. Childr. (1553) U v a, [It] is..good for the galling or chaffing of y⊇ fete. 1573Tusser Husb. lvii. (1878) 133 Er winter preuenteth, while weather is good, for galling of pasture get home with thy wood. 1598R. Barret Mod. Warres 96 Their vollie in their face would bee no small galling vnto them. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. i. viii. 31 Vitex or Agnus Castus held only in the hand, preserveth the rider from galling. 1678Marvell Def. John Howe Wks. 1875 IV. 196 It is a certain remedy against all gauling, at least by this argumentation. 1754Dict. Arts & Sc. I. 633 Pieces of brass, with holes in them, put into wooden shivers, to keep them from splitting and galling by the pin of the block. 1799H. T. Colebrooke Life (1873) 440 Four [elephants] were disabled, by the galling of their backs, from carrying their usual burdens.
†2. The result of galling; in pl., galls, galled spots. Obs.
c1440Promp. Parv. 185/1 Gallynge, strumositas. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 320 Honey and Verdigrease boyled together..is a good Ointment for all gallings on the withers. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Transplanting, A good Piece of Rope tyed about the neck of the Trees upon a whisp of Straw, preserves them from gallings.
3. Comb., as galling-leather, a piece of leather to prevent galling or chafing.
1794W. Felton Carriages (1801) I. 130 The Coachman's Seat is covered with cloth..lined at the bottom ends with pieces of leather, called galling-leathers. Ibid. II. 188 The galling-leather is sewed under that part of the harness where there is a buckle, to prevent it from galling the horse.
▪ II. galling, vbl. n.2|ˈgɔːlɪŋ|
[f. gall v.2 + -ing1.]
The treatment of material with galls, as a preliminary of the actual process of dyeing it.
1791Hamilton tr. Berthollet's Dyeing I. i. i. v. 105 Silk acquires by galling a [permanent] weight. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. II. 275 Galling consists in macerating any piece of stuff in a decoction of gall-nuts. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 543 After the galling, the silk is put into a solution of sulphate of iron.
▪ III. galling, ppl. a.|ˈgɔːlɪŋ|
[f. gall v.1 + -ing2.]
That galls.
1. Chafing, irritating or harassing physically.
1647H. More Song of Soul ii. ii. ii. xxxiii, What tells the hand or head the toes great grief, When it alone is pinch'd with galling shooes? 1670Milton Hist. Eng. ii. Wks. (1851) 53 What with gauling Darts and heavie strokes the Britans who wore neither Helmet nor Cuirass to defend them, were at last overcome. 1703Pope Thebais 185 As stubborn steers..joined reluctant to the galling yoke. a1839Praed Poems (1864) II. 283 And looks with marvel on his galling chain. 1879McCarthy Own Times II. xx. 89 They [the Ministry] were placed between two galling fires.
2. fig. Irritating, offensive to the mind or spirit.
1583Babington Commandm. vi. (1590) 253 The occasions of anger in many men are..nipping words, and gawling speeches. a1653Gouge Comm. Heb. xiii. 5 Covetousnesse is a gawling sinne. It works a continual vexation. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 105 The anodyne draught of oblivion..is well calculated to preserve a galling wakefulness. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 46 Ruin in fashionable life is accompanied by so many galling mortifications. 1876Green Stray Stud. 221 The more galling and oppressive instances of serfdom seem to have slipped unconsciously away.
Hence ˈgallingly adv., ˈgallingness.
1647Boyle Let. Wks. I. p. xxxix, I never found that people discontented with their own church-government (the gallingness of whose yoke is the grand scare-crow that frights us here). 1802J. Baillie Ethwald ii. iv. ii, One who, new to greatness, Feels its unwieldy robe sit on his shoulders Constrain'd and gallingly. 1852Robertson Serm. Ser. iii. xvii. 220 Law bears gallingly on those who want to break it. |