| 释义 |
▪ I. gelding, n.|ˈgɛldɪŋ|
[a. ON. gelding-r, f. geld-r geld a.; cf. gelda geld v.1]
†1. A gelded person, a eunuch. Obs.
1382Wyclif Gen. xxxvii. 36 Putiphar, the geldyng of Pharao. 1483Cath. Angl. 152/2 A Geldynge..eunuchus. 1548Udall, etc. tr. Erasm. Par. Matt. xix. 12 The gospell also hath his Eunuches very blessed, whiche be not geldynges of nature, nor gelded of men. 1579–80North Plutarch (1676) 741 Lysimachus..thought great scorn that Demetrius should reckon him a gelding. 1693Dryden Juvenal vi. (1697) 151 The Venerable Guelding..O'er-looks the Herd of his inferiour Fry. 1785Grose Dict. Vulg. Tongue, Gelding, an eunuch.
2. A gelded or castrated animal, esp. a horse.
1380Test. Karleolensia (1893) 134 Et qe Lawrence eit sie demure en vie un hakney bay geldyng et xl. s. 1420E.E. Wills (1882) 53 Þat Acris Mersk haue þe grey geldyng. 1520Test. Ebor. (Surtees) V. 116 My blak, trotting gelding wt a white fote. 1634Heywood & Brome Lanc. Witches ii. Wks. 1874 IV. 191 Give me the Key oth' Stable. I will goe see my Gelding. 1643in Clarendon Hist. Reb. vii. §347 Six hundred light Geldings for Recruits. 1711Budgell Spect. No. 116 ⁋7 The jolly Knight, who rode upon a white Gelding. 1815Scott Guy M. ii, He..took his grey gelding and joined Clavers at Killiecrankie. 1860Froude Hist. Eng. VI. 236 A grey gelding was led up for Philip.
3. With a mixture of senses 1 and 2.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 691, I trowe he were a geldyng or a mare. a1621Beaum. & Fl. Thierry & Theod. i. i. (1621) B 2 b, Or curse me heauen If all your guilded knaues..Be not made ambling Geldings. 1749Fielding Tom Jones vi. x, As for Jones, he swore, if he caught him at his house, he would qualify him to run for the gelding's plate.
†4. Applied to a tree (see quot.). Obs.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 75 a, As long as the tre is very yong the fruite hath no stone within him and therefore suche are called geldynges.
5. Used appositively (quasi-adj.).
a1658Cleveland Gen. Poems, etc. (1677) 65 A Gelding Earl. 1691Lond. Gaz. No. 2638/4 A black Gelding Colt. 1693Dryden Persius v. (1697) 485 Guelding Priests.
Hence geldinˈgeity, nonce-wd. [after corporeity, etc.], the quality of being a gelding.
1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1852) II. 190 Colteity, horseiety, and geldingeity, must always continue themselves, in whatever beast inexisting.
▪ II. gelding, vbl. n.|ˈgɛldɪŋ|
[f. geld v.1 + -ing1.]
The action of the vb. geld in various senses.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xii. xvii. (1495) 424 Cocke hyghte Gallus and hath that name of geldynge. c1440Promp. Parv. 190/1 Geldynge of beestys, or fowlys, castracio. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §67 Than shall ye se the oxe calfe, ferre greatter euery waye, than the bull..there is noo cause, but the geldynge. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 182 b, This kind of gelding of your hives. 1656Sanderson Serm. (1689) 31 In gelding of good Authors by expurgatory indexes. c1720W. Gibson Farrier's Guide ii. lviii. (1738) 217 The Gelding of a Foal is an easy operation. 1848Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. IX. i. 25 Ant-hills..the other plan is, to throw them, or what is provincially termed ‘gelding’. 1884J. Phin Dict. Apic., Prune, to cut out old combs so that new may be built. Called by the older writers gelding.
attrib.1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Castradera, the cutting, or gelding knife. |