| 释义 |
turkey-cock|ˈtɜːkɪˌkɒk|
Also 6–7 Turkicock(e.
[f. Turkey1 + cock n.1 In the 16th c. synonymous with Guinea-cock or Guinea-fowl, an African bird known to the ancients (the µελεαγρίς of Aristotle, meleagris of Varro and Pliny), the American bird being at first identified with or treated as a species of this. The African bird is believed to have been so called as originally imported through the Turkish dominions; it was called Guinea-fowl when brought by the Portuguese from Guinea in West Africa. After the two birds were distinguished and the names differentiated, turkey was erroneously retained for the American bird, instead of the African. From the same imperfect knowledge and confusion Meleagris, the ancient name of the African fowl, was unfortunately adopted by Linnæus as the generic name of the American bird.]
†1. Of doubtful meaning (? = sense 2 or 3): in quot. 1555 perh. the Curassow. Obs.
1541Constitutio T. Cranmeri in Wilkins Concilia (1737) III. 862 It was also provided, that of the greater fyshes or fowles there should be but one in a dishe, as crane, swan, turkeycocke, hadocke, pyke, tench. 1555Eden Decades 79 The inhabitantes of Paria..gaue them also a greate multitude of theyr peacockes [L. pavones]. [margin] Paria. Peacockes whiche wee caule Turkye cockes. 1561in Rogers Agric. & Prices III. 195/4 Oxford..Turkey Cocks 2{at}5/-. 1579E. Hake Newes Powles Churchyarde iv. D ij b, He must prouide..Both Peacock, Crane, and Turkicock. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. 165 In time of Memory things haue bene brought in that were not here before, as..the Turky cocks and hennes about fifty yeres past.
†2. The male of the Guinea-fowl, Numida meleagris: cf. turkey2 1, turkey-hen 1. Obs.
1577B. Googe tr. Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 12 b, Here I keepe Geese, Duckes, Peacocks, Turkicockes, and other poultry. 1601Holland Pliny xi. xxxvii. I. 331 The Ginnie or Turkie Cockes and Hens.
3. The male of the turkey.
1578T. N[icholas] tr. Conq. W. India 38 They..brought bread and fruite and eyght Turkie Cockes. 1588Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China vi. 322 You shall buy there [in Mexico]..a whole sheepe for foure rials, and two hennes, such as you haue in Spaine for one riall, and of Ginny hennes, otherwise called Turkey cockes, and in Spanish Pauos, you shall haue an hundred thousande..for a rial and a halfe of plate a peece. 1592Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham) 73 A turkye coke and a hene iijs. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, v. i. 15 Gower. Why heere hee comes, swelling like a Turky-cock. Flu. 'Tis no matter for his swellings, nor his Turky-cocks, God plesse you aunchient Pistoll. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle iii. 1095 And swell in big lookes like some turkie cocke. 1668Charleton Onomast. 72 Gallopavo..the Turky-Cock. 1694Motteux Rabelais iv. lix. (1737) 243 Hortolans. Turkey-Cocks, Hen-Turkeys, and Turkey-poots. 1727Somerville Bowling-green 58 No turkey-cock appears with better grace, His garments black, vermilion paints his face. 1727Swift Country Post Wks. 1755 III. i. 176 An old turkey-cock attacked a maid in a red petticoat, and she retired with great precipitation. 1760Edwards in Phil. Trans. LI. 836 Whether this bird be produced from a turkey-hen and a cock-pheasant, or from a turkey-cock and hen-pheasant, no one knows. 1833Marryat P. Simple xxxiv, The idea..mantled the blood in my cheeks till I was as red as a turkey-cock. 1855Poultry Chron. III. 149/2 Turkey Cock and one Hen.
b. fig. and allusively. Also attrib.
1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. v. 36 Contemplation makes a rare Turkey Cocke of him, how he iets vnder his aduanc'd plumes. 1650B. Discolliminium 2 Which makes him write with such a Turky-cocks quill, too..censoriously. a1849J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 428 Thy snub nose..And thy turkey-cock air. |