| 释义 |
gerundive, a. and n.|dʒɪˈrʌndɪv|
[ad. late L. gerundīvus (modus), f. gerundium gerund. Cf. F. gérondif.]
A. adj.
1. Pertaining to, akin to, or of the nature of, a gerund. (Cf. B. 2.)
1612Brinsley Pos. Parts (1615) 23 Is it then properly a Participle of the future in dus, when it signifieth Actiuely? A. No. It is rather an Adjectiue Gerundiue. 1868Max Müller Stratif. Lang. 30 In Sanskrit..the so-called gerundive participle..signifies that a thing is necessary or proper to be done. 1885Sir P. Perring Hard Knots 307 This use of the Gerundive participle will hardly be disputed. 1894W. M. Lindsay Lat. Lang. 543 The origin of the Gerundive suffix still remains doubtful.
2. humorous nonce-use. Having to do with gerunds; crammed with gerunds.
a1616Beaum. & Fl. Wit at Sev. Weap. i. ii, That Gerundive [printed Gerundine] maw of yours, that without Do will end in Di and Dum instantly.
B. n.
1. = gerund. (So F. gérondif.)
1483Cath. Angl. 154/2 A Gerundyfe, gerundium. 1520Whitinton Vulg. (1527) 3 Somtyme quis qui is gouerned..of y⊇ gerundyue. 1851G. Brown Gram. of Eng. Gram. (1873) 466 Gerundives are participles governed by prepositions; but, there being little or no occasion to distinguish these from other participles, we seldom use this name. 1896Toynbee Brachet's Hist. Gram. Fr. Lang. §553.
2. In Latin grammar, a verbal adjective, of the nature of a passive participle, expressing the idea of necessity or fitness: its suffix is the same as that of the gerund. Hence applied to forms of like meaning in other languages.
1706in Phillips (ed. Kersey), Gerundive (in Grammar) an Adjective made of a Gerund. 1721–1792in Bailey. 1847Kennedy Elem. Lat. Gram. 174 For signifying Necessity Passively, the Gerundive is used Impersonally in the Neuter Gender. 1881Bradley Arnold's Lat. Prose §391 The use of the gerundive is confined to transitive verbs, including deponents.
3. Comb., as gerundive-making adj.
1892Whitney Max Müller 71 The gerundive-making suffixes tavya and anīya.
Hence geˈrundively adv., in the manner of a gerund; as, or in place of, a gerund.
1849J. W. Gibbs Philol. Studies (1857) 92 The participle used gerundively does not differ, in external form, from the ordinary participle. |