| 释义 |
▪ I. getter, n.|ˈgɛtə(r)|
Also 4 gettare, 5 getare.
[f. get v. + -er1.]
One who gets.
1. a. One who gets or obtains; esp. one who acquires wealth.
c1440Promp. Parv. 192/1 Getare of goodys, adquisitor. c1510Barclay Mirr. Gd. Manners (1570) G iv, Vile lucre..causeth the getter oft time his purpose ban. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. V, 81 Experience teacheth that there is no lesse praise to be geuen to the keper then to the getter. 1596Bell Surv. Popery i. ii. iv. 84 After great getters come great spenders. 1667J. Corbet Disc. Relig. Eng. 25 They are not the Great Wasters, but mostly in the number of Getters. 1707Rowe Pythagoras' Gold. Vers. 44 Revolve the Getter's Joy and Loser's Pain, And think if it be worth thy while to gain. 1853Trench Proverbs 141 Unrighteous gains are sure to disappoint the getter. 1880L. Wallace Ben-Hur 238 He will have need of getters and keepers.
b. One of a class of coal-miners. (Cf. also coal-getter, stone-getter.)
1839Ure Dict. Arts 979 (Pitcoal) The set who succeed the holers are called getters. 1871Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Eng. I. 305 Beginning at the far end of his work the getter knocks out or loosens the sprags that had protected the holers, retreating as he operates. 1883Manch. Exam. 27 Nov. 5/5 The drawers at the Whinney Hill Pit..struck work for an advance of wages, and, as the getters can do nothing without the drawers, the mine is stopped.
c. A substance used to remove residual gas from an evacuated enclosure by chemical or other action. Also attrib. and Comb.
1922Proc. Inst. Radio Engin. X. 469 By ‘getter’ we mean the substances such as phosphorus, arsenic, sulphur and so on. These substances, when applied to metals and volatilized by heating them, trap the gases. 1943J. Yarwood High Vacuum Technique iv. 38 These ‘getters’ during volatilization combine with the residual gases in the vessel and they are fixed as chemical compounds deposited on the walls of the tube. 1944Light Metals Jan. 34/1 Getters are used in all radio valves..and in cathode-ray-oscillograph bulbs. 1959New Scientist 26 Mar. 708//3 In other types of getter-ion pumps, the getter film is produced by sputtering—that is, by knocking atoms out of the bulk getter metal by bombarding it with the ions of the residual gas.
2. One who begets; a procreator, begetter (obs. exc. of horses); in 14th c. Sc., a parent.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Machor 116 It is mast sorow of ane barne to be fra þe gettare sa tane. Ibid., Baptista 643 & þe lofinge of his getteris Ine to fyfe thinge wele aperis. 1607Shakes. Cor. iv. v. 240 Peace is..a getter of more bastard Children, then warres a destroyer of men. 1632Sherwood, A getter or begetter, engendreur. 1798in Spirit Publ. Jrnls. (1799) II. 298 It is well known the getter of him [a charger] was engaged in almost every review during the last war.
3. In comb. with advs., as getter-on, getter-up; also getter to bed; getter-in (Agric.), ? a machine for reaping and binding.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. (1859) 54, I recognized in him a diligent getter-up of miscellaneous works. 1834New Monthly Mag. XLII. 330 A getter-up of fights, a second of the fighters. 1837Ibid. LI. 186 Sunshine for me..and gas-shine for late getters to bed. 1849Marryat Valerie viii, Your aunt..has resided there..as a clear-starcher and getter-up of lace. 1866Athenæum No. 2025. 208/1 A getter-on, born in the Glasgow gutter. 1873H. Spencer Stud. Sociol. xv. (1877) 363 Getters-up of bubble-companies. 1884W. Sussex Gaz. 25 Sept., An American getter in.
▪ II. getter, v.|ˈgɛtə(r)|
[f. getter n.]
trans. a. To remove (gas) by means of a getter. b. To evacuate (an enclosure) by means of a getter. So ˈgettered ppl. a.; ˈgettering vbl. n., freq. attrib.
1922Brit. Pat. 187,055 3/1 The present invention..depends upon the process of ‘gettering’. 1925F. H. Newman Prod. & Measurem. Low Pressures vii. 133 In the ‘gettered’ lamp a solution of red phosphorus in alcohol was painted on the leads below the filament. 1933Phil. Mag. XVI. 673 Gettered hydrogen may be re-evolved from magnesium owing to a ‘vapour pressure’ exerted by the cleaned-up gas. Ibid. 674 Hydrogen may be gettered by and reliberated from magnesium. 1943J. Yarwood High Vacuum Technique v. 51 Gettering is carried out at the lowest possible pressure, and the magnesium or barium pellet reduces the pressure in the valve to less than 10-5 mm. Hg. 1967Ward & Bunn Introd. High Vacuum Technol. iii. 65 The gettering process..can obviously be used to remove gas from a system and hence produce a pumping action.
▪ III. getter
var. jetter, braggart. |