| 释义 |
glyco-|glaɪkəʊ, glɪkəʊ|
irregularly used (instead of glycy-) as a combining form of Gr. γλυκ-ύς sweet, and in names of chemical compounds to indicate the presence of glycerol or some other substance with a name beginning with glyc-. In mod. chemical nomenclature, usu. used to refer to sugars generally, in contradistinction to gluco-: so glycose, glycoside, etc. (cf. glucose, glucoside). ˌglyco-benˈzoic, -cyˈamidine, -ˈcyamine (see quots.); glyco-ˈgelatin, a combination of glycerine and gelatin used in the making of lozenges and pastilles; glycoˈhæmia (see quot.); glycoˈlipid Biochem., any substance which is a combination of both a carbohydrate (or carbohydrate derivative), esp. a sugar, and a lipid; ˈglycophyte Ecology, a plant whose growth is inhibited by saline soil (cf. halophyte s.v. halo-); hence glycoˈphytic a.; glycoˈprotein (also † -proteid) Biochem., any of a group of proteins with one or more usually relatively short side chains composed generally of a mixture of carbohydrates or carbohydrate derivatives; glycoˈtropic a. Biochem., antagonistic to insulin.
1852Fownes' Man. Chem. (ed. 4) 481 *Glycobenzoic acid is a crystalline substance, slightly soluble in water.
1864Watts Dict. Chem. II. 906 *Glyco-cyamidine, an organic base homologous with creatinine, and related to glycocyamine in the same manner as creatinine to creatine.
Ibid., *Glyco-cyamine, a compound homologous with creatine, produced by the union of cyanamide with glycocine.
1884M. Mackenzie Dis. Throat & Nose II. 551 The basis of the preparation [of pastils] is *glyco-gelatine, a compound much employed in the manufacture of pessaries and soluble bougies.
1866A. Flint Princ. Med. (1880) 73 *Glycohaemia signifies the presence of sugar in the blood.
1940Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CXXXII. 178 The cerebroside..belongs to a new class of *glycolipids which probably differ from previously described cerebrosides only because they contain glucose in place of galactose. 1970C. N. Graymore Biochem. Eye vii. 507 Cerebrosides and gangliosides may also be classified as glycolipids, both containing hexoses.
1947R. F. Daubenmire Plants & Environment ii. 61 Because salts so evidently interfere with the absorption of water by *glykophytes, saline soils have long been considered ‘physiologically dry’..for these plants. 1964V. J. Chapman Coastal Veget. 96 Glycophytes such as White clover. 1969Salisbury & Ross Plant Physiol. xxix. 692/1 Ecologists further classify those plants that are sensitive to relatively high concentrations of salt in the surrounding liquid medium..as glycophytes.
1964V. J. Chapman Coastal Veget. iv. 89 Other evidence of elevation is the existence of obvious invasion by glycophytic species.
1898Jrnl. Physiol. XXIII. 177 It is probable that every tissue containing proteids will be found to contain some admixture of *glycoproteids. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 724/1 Glycoproteids—a number of proteids, on treatment with acid, yield various sugar-like bodies.
1908Jrnl. Biol. Chem. IV. p. l, *Glycoproteins. Compounds of the protein molecule with a substance or substances containing a carbohydrate group other than a nucleic acid. 1945Adv. Protein Chem. II. 250 The group of proteins which contain less than 4 per cent hexosamine, classified as glycoproteins, embraces many proteins listed as albumins and globulins in the accepted classification of proteins. 1968A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) vi. 118 The distinction between glyco- and mucoproteins is arbitrary, and intermediate types exist. 1970R. W. McGilvery Biochem. xxiv. 585 The carbohydrate chains on glycoproteins are oligosaccharides.
1936F. G. Young in Lancet 8 Aug. 301/2 The pituitary substance responsible for the rapid development of an exaggerated glycæmic response to hypoglycæmia will be called the ‘*glycotropic factor’ without prejudice to the question of its existence as a separate entity. Ibid., Glycotropic extracts. 1955E. B. Astwood in Pincus & Thimann Hormones III. vii. 256 A prolactin preparation had some glycotropic activity in the dog. |