| 释义 |
▪ I. gob, n.1|gɒb|
Also 4, 6 gobbe, 6 gobb, gubbe, goubbe.
[App. a. OF. gobe, goube (mod.F. gobbe), a mouthful, lump, etc. (in mod.F. only in the special senses of a food-ball for poisoning dogs, feeding poultry, etc., and a concretion found in the stomachs of sheep), related to the vb. gober to swallow: see gobbet.]
1. a. A mass or lump (cf. gobbet 3). Now dial.
1382Wyclif Isa. xl. 12 Who heeng vp with thre fingris the heuynesse [Douce MS. gobbe; L. molem] of the erthe. 1892J. Barlow Irish Idylls iii. 47 He was a rael gob o good nature.
b. A lump, clot of some slimy substance. (Cf. gobbet 2 b, gobbon 2.) Now dial. or vulgar.
1555–8T. Phaer æneid ii. H iij b, Belching out the gubbes of blood. 1753J. Bartlet Gentl. Farriery vi. 59 He [a horse]..throws out of his nose and mouth great gobs of white phlegm. 1872‘Mark Twain’ Innoc. Abr. vii. 45 Suggestive of a ‘gob’ of mud on the end of a shingle. 1877N.W. Linc. Gloss., Gob, a large thick expectoration. 1886Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk., Gob, a piece, a mass or lump; usually applied to some soft substance. 1893Crockett Stickit Minister 197 Cleg took a ‘gob’ of hard mud in his hand.
c. Glass-making. A lump of molten glass that is used to make a single bottle, jar, etc.
1925Hodkin & Cousen Textbk. Glass Technol. xxxii. 427 This plunger, moving vertically with a reciprocating motion, serves to form and deliver gobs of suitable size and shape. 1941C. J. Phillips Glass ix. 191 As each section passes a feeding station served by a gob feeder, a gob of glass is dropped into the press mold and pressed into a parison. 1967Times Rev. Industry July 47/2 (Advt.), The shear blades cut off a lump of this molten glass (bottlemakers call it a ‘gob’) from which each bottle is made.
†2. A large sum of money. Also gob (gubbe) of gold. Obs.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph., Socrates §31. 1. 14 A bodye..to whom hath happened some good goubbe of money. 1566Drant Horace, Sat. vi. H vj, He to whome God Hercules did bringe A gubbe of goulde. 1574J. Studley tr. Bale's Pageant Popes 104 a, That she might heape vppon thee many gubs of goulde. 1593Nashe Choise Valentines (1899) 8/70 And tenne good gobbs I will unto thee tell, Of golde or siluer. 1598Barret Theor. Warres v. v. 167 The gobbes of gold by heapes in their studies. 1655Nicholas Papers (Camden) II. 352 My..grandsonne whoe..only knowes where my poore recruites are, of which if I heare nothing this next weeke nor can haue poore gubb from his Mati⊇, I must of necessity slip out of the [world?] or be disgraced for euer. 1692R. L'Estrange Fables (1694) 265 Dost think I have so little wit as to part with such a Gob of money for God-a-mercy?
3. a. A lump or large mouthful of food, esp. of raw, coarse, or fat meat. (Cf. gobbet 3.) Now dial. or vulgar.
1557–8T. Phaer æneid vi. Q 3 b, He [Cerberus] gaping wyde his threfold iawes, All hungry caught that gubbe [L. offam]. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. ii. C 4 b, O that the stomack of this queasie age Digestes, or brookes such raw vnseasoned gobs, And vomits not them forth! 1613F. Robartes Revenue Gospel Title-p., The eagle spies, A gob [L. offam] she lurch'd, and to her young she flies. 1711E. Ward Quix. I. 369 Than for your worship's Eyes to follow Each Gob or Morsel that I swallow. 1774Foote Cozeners 1, The venison was over⁓roasted, and stunk, but Doctor Dewlap twisted down such gobs of fat. 1828J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. in Blackw. Mag. XXIII. 124 A father that gaed aff at a city-feast wi' a gob o' green fat o' turtle half way down his gullet. 1871Mrs. Stowe Oldtown Fireside Stor. 8 Ye tell 'em one story, and they jest swallows it as a dog does a gob o' meat.
†b. at a (or one) gob, at one mouthful. Obs.
Perhaps a different (though cognate) word; cf. Fr. (obs.) avaler tout de gob, whence the mod.Fr. phrase tout de go easily, without trouble or ceremony.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe (1871) 65 And flead him, and thrust him down his pudding-house at a gobb. 1611L. Barrey Ram Alley i. i. A 3 b, That little land a gaue Throte the Lawyer swallowed at one gob For lesse then halfe the worth.
▪ II. gob, n.2 north. dial. and slang.|gɒb|
[Of obscure origin; possibly a. Gael. and Irish gob beak, mouth, but cf. gab n.3]
a. The mouth.
a1550Christis Kirke Gr. xx, Quhair thair gobbis wer ungeird, Thay gat upon the gammis. a1605Polwart Flyting w. Montgomerie 754 Misly kyt! and thou flyt, Ile dryt in thy gob. 1674–91Ray N.C. Words 134 A Gob, an open or wide mouth. 1693Scot. Presbyt. Eloq. (1738) 112 Beware of the Drunkenness of the Goose, for it never rests, but constantly dips the Gob of it in the Water. 1788W. Marshall Yorksh. II. 332 Gob, a vulgar name for the mouth. 18..R. Burrowes in Father Prout's Rem. ix. 267 Just to..moisten his gob 'fore he died. 1833M. Scott Tom Cringle i. (1859) 3, I thrust half a doubled up muffin into my gob. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 421 He tied my hands and feet so that I could hardly move, but I managed somehow to turn my gob (mouth) round and gnawed it away. 1893Northumbld. Gloss., Gob, the mouth..The form gab is quite unknown in Northumberland.
b. Comb., as gob-mouthed a. dial., gaping; gob-stick, (a) dial., a spoon; (b) Fisheries (see quot. 1883); (c) slang a clarinet; gob-stopper slang, a large, hard, freq. spherical sweet for sucking; gob-string, a bridle.
1894Hall Caine Manxman 27 Hould your dirty tongue, you *gobmouthed omathaun!
1674–91Ray N.C. Words 142 A *Gobstick. Cochleare. 1788W. Marshall Yorksh. II. 332 Gobstick, a wooden spoon. 1876Whitby Gloss., Gobstick, a wooden spoon or other implement for conveying food to the mouth. 1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 195 Halibut-killer and gob-stick for killing the fish and disgorging the hook. 1936Amer. Mercury May x/2 Gob stick, a clarinet. 1938Dylan Thomas Let. 16 May (1966) 195 The double-bed is a swing-band with coffin, oompah, slush-pump, gob⁓stick. 1959‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene 292 The player as such calls his instrument a clarinet..; qua hipster he may call it..the obs. gobstick.
1928W. de la Mare Come Hither (ed. 2) 769 *Gob-stoppers and toffee—are these not ‘good’ names for goodies? 1959D. Barton Loving Cup 89 The sky looks like one of those orange gobstoppers we used to buy in the tuckshop. 1971Times 6 Jan. 12/5 A large ball of green leaves is formed in the cheek which makes qat chewers looks [sic] as though they are perpetually sucking gobstoppers.
1785Grose Dict. Vulg. Tongue, Gab or *gob string, a bridle. 1855in Robinson Whitby Gloss.
Add:[b.] gob-struck a. slang = *gobsmacked ppl. a.
1988Gay Times Jan. 46/2, I was that *gob-struck at the barefaced cheek of the man that I couldn't say anything coherent. 1989Sunday Times 30 July a13/1, I thought it worth mentioning after all the guff last week about foreign potentates being gobstruck at the palatial way Geoffrey and Elspeth Howe ran their grace and favour house. 1990Guardian 24 Jan. 46/3 ‘I looked in the mirror and saw this emu.’ ‘How fast were you going?’ ‘About 50 mph... I was gobstruck.’
▪ III. gob, n.3 dial.|gɒb|
[= gab n.2, but prob. apprehended by speakers as a fig. sense of prec.]
Talk, conversation, language. gift of the gob (see gab n.2 1 b). to give gob (see quot. 1855).
1695S. Colvil Whigs Supplic. To Rdr. A v, [Pretended quot. from Z. Boyd.] There was a Man called Job, Dwelt in the land of Uz, He had a good gift of the Gob. [a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew s.v., Gift of the Gob, a wide, open Mouth; also a good Songster, or Singing-master.] 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss. s.v., ‘To gie gob’, to mouth, or give word, to abuse. 1893Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., ‘It's a grand thing the gift o' the gob’.
▪ IV. gob, n.4 Coal-mining.|gɒb|
Also gobb.
[Perh. an alteration of goaf2, influenced by gob n.1]
The empty space from which the coal has been extracted in the ‘long-wall’ system of mining (cf. goaf); also, the material used for packing such a space (= gobbing).
1839Ure Dict. Arts 979 The place where the coal is removed is named the gobb or [printed or gobb] waste; and gobbin or gobb-stuff is stones or rubbish taken..to fill up that excavation as much as possible. Ibid. 980 The roads are carried either progressively through the gobb, or the gobb is entirely shut up. 1871Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Eng. I. 304 The roof being allowed to come down on to the packings of the gob behind the miners. 1883Standard 23 Oct. 3/6 A large quantity of the ‘gob’ was on fire in the Bullhurst seam. 1884Times 29 Jan. 10/4 After driving 10 yards through the gob the body of Mr. Thomas was found.
b. attrib., as gob-fire, road, -stuff (see quots.).
1839Gob stuff [see above]. 1860Weale's Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) S. Staff. terms, Gob-road, a road..through that part of the mine which has been previously worked. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Gob-fire, fire produced by the heat of decomposing gob. 1898Daily News 20 Apr. 8/5 A ‘gob’ fire, caused by a heap of fire-clay, duct, and coal slack.
▪ V. gob, n.5 slang (orig. U.S.).|gɒb|
[Cf. gobby.]
An American sailor or ordinary seaman. Also attrib.
1915Recruiters' Bulletin (U.S.) Dec. 34/2 Even though us ‘gobs’ were on the ‘Conny’ standing by, Why, we all had a finger in the pie. 1923R. D. Paine Comrades of Rolling Ocean iii. 44, I was feeding the coal to her when most of those..amateur gobs were seasick and useless. Ibid. xiv. 241 Here is one Yankee gob..that will be there on the first call. 1925J. Gregory Bab of Backwoods xvi. 193 Step lively, you gobs! 1944T. Rattigan While Sun Shines i. 187 Can you beat that—an earl being a gob. 1951Landfall V. iii. 193 He wore..a little white gob hat.
▪ VI. gob, v.1 techn.|gɒb|
[? f. gob n.1]
a. trans. To choke up or obstruct (a furnace).
b. intr. Of a furnace: To become choked or obstructed (see quots.).
1863Rep. Brit. Assoc. 738 Frequent interruption..led at length to the furnace being ‘gobbed’ and ultimately abandoned. 1877in Davies Suppl. Gloss. s.v., If you put into your furnaces a quantity of stuff in which..silica preponderates, your furnaces will not flux, but they gob. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Gob-up, of a blast furnace, to become obstructed in working by reason of a scaffold or a salamander.
▪ VII. gob, v.2 dial.|gɒb|
[f. gob n.3 Cf. gab v.2]
intr. To prate, brag. Hence ˈgobbing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
a1810Tannahill Poems (1846) 88 Quoth gobbin Tom of Lancashire, To northern Jock. 1832W. Stephenson Gateshead Poems 99 It's worth your while..To hear their jaw and gobbins. 1893Northumbld. Gloss., Gob, to talk impudently, to brag.
▪ VIII. gob, v.3|gɒb|
[f. gob n.1]
trans. and intr. To spit. Also with up.
1881A. B. & S. Evans Leicestershire Words 161 Gob, to spit out; expectorate. 1933L. A. G. Strong Sea Wall ii. xvi. 223 Come on, man, gob it up. 1953Dylan Thomas Under Milk Wood (1954) 50 And they thank God, and gob at a gull for luck. |