| 释义 |
▪ I. gorget1|ˈgɔːdʒɪt|
Forms: 5 gorgeat, gorgette, 6 gorgyt, 6–7 gorgett, 7 gordget, gorjet, 6– gorget.
[a. OF. gorgete (F. dial. gorgette a collar), dim. of gorge throat.]
1. A piece of armour for the throat. Obs. exc. Hist.
c1470Henry Wallace iv. 661 With ire him straik on his gorgeat off steill. 1484Caxton Chivalry 62 The gorgette enuyronneth or goth aboute the neck of a knyght by cause it sholde be deffended for strokes and woundes. 1559Mirr. Mag., Clifford viii, As I would my gorget haue vndoen... An headles arrow strake mee through the throte. 1634Ford P. Warbeck iii. i. (Stage Direct.), Enter King Henry, with his gorget on. 1715–20Pope Iliad xi. 33 Three glittering dragons to the gorget rise. 1770Langhorne Plutarch (1879) II. 732/2 His helmet..was of iron... To this was fitted a gorget of the same metal, set with precious stones. 1808Scott Marm. v. ii, Their brigantines, and gorgets light. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. (1846) III. xi. 47 The gorget..gave way, and the sword entered his throat. 1859Thackeray Virgin. lxxii, One of Mr. Walpole's cavaliers with ruff, rapier, buff-coat, and gorget.
b. transf. A collar.
1629J. M. tr. Fonseca's Dev. Contempl. 90 A hundred Mules, Sumpter-Clothes on their backes, imbrodered with silke, silver and gold, with their goriets of massie-plate [etc.]. 1663Butler Hud. i. ii. 257 He wore, for ornament, a ring; About his neck a threefold gorget. 1820Scott Ivanhoe i, It was a brass ring, resembling a dog's collar..On this singular gorget was engraved..an inscription.
2. An article of female dress, covering the neck and breast; a wimple. Obs. exc. Hist.
1575Laneham Let. (1871) 37 A side gooun of kendall green..gathered at the neck with a narro gorget. 1598Yong Diana 71 She had on a light skie coloured petticoate, and vnder that a gorget of so passing fine net-worke. a1635Corbet Poems (1807) 232 To the Ladyes of the New Dresse, That weare their gorgets and rayles doune to their wastes. a1659Cleveland Wks. (1687) 382 Pray rectifie my Gorget, smooth my Whisk. 1716Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to C'tess Mar 14 Sept., I was squeezed up in a gown, and adorned with a gorget and the other implements thereunto belonging. 1826Scott Woodst. i, With these grave seniors sate their goodly dames in ruff and gorget. 1843Lytton Last Bar. iv. vi, Why, Katherine—dame—thy stiff gorget makes me ashamed of thee.
3. An ornament for the neck; a collar of beads, shells, etc.; a necklace.
1570Levins Manip. 88/10 A Gorget, torques. 1791W. Bartram Carolina 370 These champions likewise were well dressed, painted and ornamented with silver bracelets, gorgets and wampum. 1808Pike Sources Mississ. ii. App. 48, I presented the principal, with a double barrel'd gun, gorget, and other articles. 1870Lubbock Orig. Civiliz. ii. (1875) 53 Some also had gorgets of large shells hanging from the neck across the breast.
4. Mil. A gilt crescent-shaped badge suspended from the neck, and hanging on the breast, formerly worn by officers on duty.
1786Mackenzie Lounger No. 87 §7 His sword and gorget were crossed under it [a portrait]. 1816‘Quiz’ Grand Master viii. 11 Dress'd—gorget, epaulets, and sash, Lion and crown—a perfect dash. 1830Ann. Reg. 124 The gorget to be abolished. 1867in Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.
†5. Sc. A kind of pillory. Obs.
1635Sess. Rec. in W. McDowell Hist. Dumfries xxxii. (1873) 364 Adjudged to pay one dollar and wear the gorgets on Sabbath. 1640–1Kircudbr. War-Comm. Min. Bk. (1855) 40 He shall..stand in the gorgets at the kirk of Balmaghie.
6. Zool.
†a. The pouch or sac under the bill of certain sea-birds. Obs.—1
1703M. Martin Descr. West. Isl. Scotl. (1816) 283 This Solan Goose..preserves five or six herrings in its gorget entire, and carries them to the nest.
b. A patch of colour on the throat of a bird, insect, etc.
1801Southey Thalaba iii. xxxiii, She view'd his [the locust's] jet-orb'd eyes, His glossy gorget bright. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. II. 382 The golden-winged wood⁓pecker, with his broad black gorget. 1871Darwin Desc. Man II. xvi. 188 The male of..one of the humming birds..having a splendid gorget and fine ear-tufts.
7. Comb., as gorget-maker; † gorget-stead, the part of the body protected by the gorget.
c1611Chapman Iliad vii. 12 Beneath his good steele caske it pierc't above his gorget stead. 1656Artif. Handsom. (1662) 85 The Tire-women, the Gorget-makers, the Seamstresses, the Chambermaids.
Hence ˈgorgeted ppl. a., having a gorget.
1861Gould Trochilidæ IV, Heliangelus strophianus, Gorgeted Sun Angel.
▪ II. gorget2 Surg.|ˈgɔːdʒɪt|
[Corruption of gorgeret2.]
A steel instrument having the form of a channel, used in operations for stone, etc.
1740Cheselden Anat. (ed. 5) 330 Passing the gorget very carefully in the groove of the staff into the bladder. 1800Med. Jrnl. III. 196 This instrument..cuts easier than the cutting director, or common gorget. 1809S. Cooper Dict. Pract. Surg. 459 Lateral operation as performed at the present day with cutting gorgets. 1839Hooper's Med. Dict. (ed. 7), The gorget is now seldom used; the cutting one being superseded by a simple knife, and the blunt one by the use of the finger. |