| 释义 |
Gram3|græm|
Also gram.
The name of H. C. J. Gram (1853–1938), Danish physician, used attrib. and in the possessive to designate his method of staining bacteria and the iodine solution he employed in this method, as Gram('s) method, Gram's solution, Gram stain (so Gram-stained, Gram-staining ppl. adjs.). Hence Gram-positive, Gram-negative adjs., respectively staining, or not staining, by Gram's method.
1884Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 Sept. 487/2 Gram's method gives good results with many bacteria. 1886E. M. Crookshank Introd. Pract. Bacteriol. 246 (index) Gram's solution. 1902R. T. Hewlett Man. Bacteriol. (ed. 2) iii. 91 By this method the ordinary Gram-staining organisms are stained. 1903W. D. Frost Lab. Guide Elem. Bacteriol. (ed. 3) i. 60 (heading) Gram's stain. 1907Practitioner Aug. 277 The Boas-Oppler bacillus is Gram-positive, whereas the normal bacillary flora of the large intestine is mainly Gram-negative. 1908Park & Williams Pathogenic Micro-organisms (ed. 3) xii. 133 A Gram-stained smear may show all Gram-negative or all Gram-positive bacteria. 1949H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics II. xv. 632 The active agent inhibited the growth of certain gram positive pathogenic organisms and gram negative cocci. 1961Lancet 29 July 228/1 To avoid errors due to contamination, Gram-stained films of the growth were examined. 1963J. H. Burn Drugs, Med. & Man (ed. 2) xx. 202 Most of the bacteria which stain by the gram stain..are sensitive to the action of penicillin. 1964M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 8) v. 44 All [bacteria] may be placed into one of two broad groups according to whether they stain by Gram's technique. Ibid. v. 45 The organisms are first stained with methyl-violet or gentian-violet and then treated with iodine as a mordant; Gram-positive bacteria then resist decolourization by alcohol. |