| 释义 |
recurrence|rɪˈkʌrəns|
[See recurrent and -ence.]
1. a. Return (of a thing, state, event, etc.); renewed, frequent, or periodical occurrence.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. iii. i. 106 Although the opinion at present be reasonable well suppressed, yet from the..faithfull recurrence of error, it is not improbable, it may revive..againe. 1790Paley Horæ Paul. i. 12 The perpetual recurrence of names of persons and places. 1861Trench Ep. 7 Churches Asia 16 The constant recurrence of this language in all descriptions of our Lord's second advent is very remarkable. 1877Mrs. Oliphant Makers Flor. vi. 172 So little can the world guard itself as it grows older from the recurrence of the same follies.
b. With a and pl., an instance of this.
1759Johnson Idler No. 72 ⁋4 Every recurrence [of parts of knowledge] would reinstate them in their former place. 1836Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life (1870) III. iv. 62 He brought on a recurrence of an old injury to the tendon under the left knee. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola lix, An indistinct recurrence of impressions which blended themselves with her agitating fears.
c. Reappearance (of some feature).
1864H. Spencer Princ. Biol. §83 Atavism, which is the name given to the recurrence of ancestral traits, is proved by many and varied facts.
2. Resort, recourse, reference to something. Also without const.
a1667Jer. Taylor (Ogilvie), In the use of this, as of every kind of alleviation, I shall insensibly go on from a rare to a frequent recurrence to the dangerous preparations. 1804Castlereagh in Owen Mrq. Wellesley's Desp. (1877) 262 Such an alliance will occasion frequent recurrence to arms. 1825Jefferson Autobiog. Wks. 1859 I. 61 These memoranda were on loose papers, bundled up without order, and difficult of recurrence. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. I. 153 A permanent imperial council, which might relieve him and the States from incessant recurrence to the diets.
3. The action of going back mentally or in discourse to something. Also with a and pl., an instance of this.
1751Johnson Rambler No. 173 ⁋6 By the natural recurrence of the mind to its common employment. 1815Jane Austen Emma xxii, To allow no time for insidious applications or dangerous recurrences to the past. 1834H. Martineau The Farrers vii. 120 How many recurrences of mind had she to these articles! 1862C. Stretton Chequered Life I. 115 The announcement of dinner being served, effectually put a stop to any recurrence to the subject.
4. a. Return or reversion to a state, occupation, etc.
1812G. Chalmers Dom. Econ. Gt. Brit. 477 Nothing more is wanting, than recurrence to old habits of diligence. 1855Browning Ep. Karshish 197 In sedulous recurrence to his trade Whereby he earneth him the daily bread. 1862S. Lucas Secularia 68 There is an obvious..difference in the result of a recurrence to this or that particular status.
b. spec. in Biol. (See quot.)
1862Huxley Lect. Working Men 113 A word must be said about what is called Recurrence—the tendency of races which have been developed by selective breeding from varieties to return to their primitive type.
5. U.S. Refluence (of sea-water) to a place.
1893Parkhurst in J. Strong New Era 219 The recurrence of the cold polar waters, which return to the Gulf.
6. attrib. and Comb., as recurrence frequency, recurrence interval; recurrence formula, relation Math., an expression which defines the general member of a series in terms of the preceding members; recurrence surface [tr. Sw. rekurrensyta (E. Granlund 1932, in Sveriges Geologiska Undersökn. Ser. C. No. 373. viii. 73)], a horizon in a peat bog between highly decomposed and slightly decomposed peat, indicating the commencement of a period of active peat growth; recurrence time Math., the time between two successive occasions when a Markov process enters any given state.
1902E. T. Whittaker Course Mod. Analysis x. 210 The *recurrence-formulae. We proceed to establish a group of formulae which connect Legendre functions of different orders. 1925Biometrika XVII. 165 (heading) Recurrence formulae for the moments of the point binomial.
1965Wireless World Sept. 431/1 It remains now to provide a suitable pulse generator of variable *recurrence frequency to fire the thyristor.
1965R. G. Kazmann Mod. Hydrol. iv. 76 Statistical studies made to determine the *recurrence interval of this design-flood resulted in figures ranging from 1000 to 90,000 years.
1933Biometrika XXV. 420 (heading) On a *recurrence relation connected with..double Bessel functions. 1961M. M. Nicolson Fund. & Tech. Math. for Scientists xvi. 369 A set of formulae relating Legendre polynomials of different orders n; such relations are called recurrence relations. 1979Page & Wilson Introd. Computational Combinatorics ii. 5 If such a recurrence relation can be produced, it can usually be made the basis of an algorithm for computing values of the desired function.
[1934Irish Naturalists' Jrnl. V. 134 To look for Granlund's ‘rekurrenz-surfaces’.] 1938New Phytologist XXXVII. 452 Granlund suggests that such layers are due to slowing up of bog growth by unfavourable conditions, and to the level marking the sudden renewal of growth he gives the name ‘Rekurrenzflache [sic]’, which has been translated by Jessen as *Recurrence-surface. 1956H. Godwin Hist. Brit. Flora iii. 34/2 In his work on the raised bogs of Scania, Nilsson..has been able to identify no fewer than nine recurrence surfaces between c. 3500 b.c. and the present day. 1975J. G. Evans Environment Early Man Brit. Isles iv. 77 Resumption of peat growth, leading to the formation of ‘recurrence surfaces’, takes place when conditions of high rainfall return.
[1943Rev. Mod. Physics XV. 54/2 (heading) The average time of recurrence of a state of fluctuation in which the molecular concentration in a sphere of air of radius a will differ from the average value by 1 percent.] 1949Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. LXVII. 99 A new method of finding the second moment of the *recurrence times of finite or infinite Markov chains. 1971R. A. Howard Dynamic Probabilistic Syst. I. v. 287 θii is the number of transitions between a departure from state i and the first return to i; it is called the first passage time from state i to state i, or the recurrence time of state i. |