| 释义 |
▪ I. grove|grəʊv|
Forms: 1–2 gráf, 4 grof(e, 6 Sc. grave, grawe, 6–7 groave, 2– grove.
[OE. gráf masc. and neut.:—prehistoric *graiƀo-. Cf. greave n.1
The word is not found in any other Teut. lang., and no Teut. or even Indogermanic root seems to be known to which it can plausibly be referred.]
1. A small wood; a group of trees affording shade or forming avenues or walks, occurring naturally or planted for a special purpose.
Groves were commonly planted by heathen peoples in honour of deities to serve as places of worship or for the reception of images. Cf. 2 a.
889Grant in Birch Cartul. Sax. II. 199 Heo hæbbe ða wudu-raeddenne in ðæm wuda ðe ða ceorlas brucaþ & ec ic hire lete to þæt ceorla graf. c1205Lay. 469 Al swa þat wilde swin: þæt wroteð ȝeond þan grouen. [1249–52Visit. Ch. belong. St. Paul's Cathedr. (Camden 1895) 13 Tenentes de ecclesia de Heubrege. Johannes Gobbe j acra et reddit vj đ..Johannes ad portam j parvam grovam et reddit iiij đ sed grova destructa est.] a1250Owl & Night. 380 He..hupth and stard suthe cove, And secheth pathes to the grove. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 11 Eueriche grove schoon wiþ horten treen and oþer tren ful of fruyt. c1400Destr. Troy 13557 Þan se þai besyde..A grete herte in a grove. c1500Lancelot 2481 The birdis may them hiding in the grawis Wel frome the halk. 1513Douglas æneis iv. ii. 46 Scho skipping furth..Gan throw the forrest fast and gravis glyde. Ibid. xii. Prol. 190 In gresy gravis wandrand by spring wellis. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. iii. i. 390, I,..like a Forrester, the groues may tread. 1629Sir W. Muir True Crucifix 1262 Such vncouth flames made men the Temple leaue Worship to Images in groaues to giue. 1735Somerville Chase iii. 478 Proud Monarch of the Groves, whose clashing Beam His Rivals aw'd. 1770Goldsm. Des. Vill. 361 The breezy covert of the warbling grove. 1838Thirlwall Greece IV. xxxiv. 358 The temple stood in a grove of fruit trees. 1856Stanley Sinai & Pal. vii. 301 The forest..was a vast grove of majestic palms.
b. transf. and fig.
1667Milton P.L. iv. 982 When a field Of Ceres ripe for harvest waving bends Her bearded Grove of ears. Ibid. vii. 404 Through Groves Of Coral. [1671― P.R. iv. 244 The olive-grove of Academe, Plato's retirement.] 1715–20Pope Iliad ii. 182 The moving host appears, With nodding plumes and groves of waving spears. 1793Wordsw. Old Cumbld. Beggar 120 They who live Sheltered, and flourish in a little grove Of their own kindred. 1821Shelley Prometh. Unb. iv. 404 Labour, and pain, and grief, in life's green grove Sport like tame beasts. 1849Robertson Serm. Ser. i. viii. (1866) 142 The groves of Athenian literature. 1849Thackeray Pendennis I. xviii. 166 Into this certainly not the least snugly sheltered arbour among the groves of Academe, Pen now found his way. 1889Ruskin Præterita III. 49 The sunset shining down a long street through a grove of bayonets.
¶2. In Eng. versions of the Bible, e.g. Coverdale's and the Authorized, an erroneous rendering, following the Septuagint and the Vulgate:
a. of Heb. Ashērāh, which is now understood as the name of a goddess or of a pillar serving as an idol.
1535Coverdale 1 Kings xviii. 19 The foure hundreth and fiftye prophetes of Baal, and the foure hundreth prophetes of y⊇ groue, which eate at Iesabels table. 1611Bible 2 Kings xxi. 7 He set a grauen image of the grove [Coverd. groue Idol, Vulg. idolum luci, R.V. of Asherah, marg. or obelisk] that he had made, in the house. 1853Maurice Proph. & Kings vii. 108 The prophets of the grove were building their own power upon the degradation of the multitudes whom they drew after them.
b. of Heb. ēshel (R.V. ‘tamarisk tree’).
1535Coverdale 1 Sam. xxii. 6 Whyle Saul dwelt at Gibea vnder a groue in Rama. 1611Bible Gen. xxi. 33 And Abraham planted a groue [marg. Or, Tree, Coverd. trees, Vulg. nemus] in Beer-sheba.
3. attrib. and Comb., as grove idol (see 2), grove-pine, grove-spirit, grove-tree, grove-worship; grove-encircled, grove-like adjs.; † grove-crop, a grove; grove-dock, Rumex Nemolapathum (Paxton Bot. Dict. 1840); grove-snail (see quot.).
1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 32 In towns myd center theare sprouted a *groauecrop, in arbours Greene weede thick shaded.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. i. v, A mystic *grove-encircled shrine.
1535Coverdale 2 Kings xxi. 7 A *groue Idol also which he had made, set he in the house.
1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 510 That old oak..Once *grovelike, each huge arm a tree.
1873Atlas of Michigan Pref. 20 Some varieties of ‘*grove’ pine are found on a lighter soil.
1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. iii. 174 The Wood snail, Helix Sylvatica, Drap., and the *Grove snail, H. Nemoralis, Linn.
1827H. Steuart Planter's G. (1828) 353 The adjoining space..is massed up with *Grove Trees and Underwood.
1845A. Duncan Discourses 387 Abraham worshipped under an oak or in a grove..We shall thus be able to account for..the origin of *grove-worship.
Hence ˈgroveless a., devoid of groves.
1835Blackw. Mag. XXXVII. 686 Even were her shore⁓hills silvan no more—groveless the bases of all her remoter mountains. 1873McArthur in Harp Renfrewsh. 391 These groveless banks, those ruined walls.
▪ II. grove
var. groove; obs. pa. tense of grave v.1 |