| 释义 |
▪ I. grudge, n.|grʌdʒ|
Forms: see the verb.
[f. grudge v., or variant of grutch n.]
†1. Murmur, murmuring, grumbling; discontent, dissatisfaction; reluctance, unwillingness. Obs.
1477Marg. Paston in P. Lett. No. 801 III. 197 For syche grwgys and other causys, I am ryght sory that the graunte is knowyn that I have mad, with ought it myght take effect. 1484Rich. III in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. I. 104 The gret clamor grugge and complainte which our liege people of this our Royme have made of and upon the coigne of silver made in our lande of Irland. 1518in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford (1880) 19 Ther shold ensew grogis and murmures amongst the kyngis subgects. 1526Tindale Acts vi. 1 There arose a grodge amonge the grekes agaynste the ebrues. 1533More Answ. Poysoned Bk. Wks. 1092/2 That they shulde eat his fleshe and drincke his bloud after their owne carnal vnderstandinge, but yet in another fourme, to put awaye all grudge of stomacke. c1555Harpsfield Divorce Hen. VIII (Camden) 193 They declare what murmur and grudge was in England. 1611B. Jonson Catiline iii. i, That still your counsell of me be approu'd; Both by your selues, and those to whom you haue, With grudge, prefer'd me.
†2. ‘Murmuring’ of the conscience; uneasiness or disturbance of mind; scruple, doubt, misgiving. Also, an instance of this. Obs.
1483Vulgaria abs Terentio 7 b, There is oon grugge or dout that maketh me euyll at ese [L. vnus scrupulus restat]. 1531Dial. on Laws Eng. i. xxxii. (1638) 56 Without any scruple or grudge of Conscience. 1540Morysine Vives' Introd. Wysd. C v, We must be content, that in our conscience, we fele our selves void of secret gruge and unquietnes. 1558Bp. Watson Sev. Sacram. xxi. 134 God gaue hym grudge in his conscience agaynste hys sinne. 1598Barret Theor. Warres i. ii. 11 Is it no grudge to the souldiers conscience to fight against them?
3. a. Ill-will or resentment due to some special cause, as a personal injury, the superiority of an opponent or rival, or the like. Obs. (exc. as in b).
1477Earl Rivers (Caxton) Dictes 17 b, The lesse grugge ye haue, the more ye fle from malice and wikkedenesse. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 435 He wanne of them as moche grudge & hatred as he to fore hadde loue & good wyll. 1513More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 768 To the great grudge of all men and high displeasure of God. 1533― Debell. Salem Wks. 1016/1 He might dyffame all the temporall ministers too, and bryng them in grudge & obloquie of the people. 1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 88 Although he were moved with inward grudge yet he wisely repressed his anger. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. iv. 61 Heavy looke..that plaine In him bewraid great grudge, and maltalent. 1635R. N. Camden's Hist. Eliz. i. ii. 23 Queen Elizabeth bare..secret grudge against her. 1722Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. Pref. 21 This hath raised envy, grudge, and malice against them. 1784Cowper Task v. 203 They plough'd, and sow'd, And reap'd their plenty without grudge or strife. 1878Browning La Saisiaz 57 There is no such grudge in God as scared the ancient Greek.
b. A particular instance of this feeling: const. against (a person); also freq. in phr. to have a g. against, († to, † at), to bear, owe (a person) a g., etc.
1531Elyot Gov. ii. ix. (1883) II. 102 The people called Dores..wolde aduenge their olde grudges agayne the Atheniensis. 1581Savile Tacitus' Hist. ii. v. (1591) 55 They laid grudges aside [L. positis odiis]. a1586Sidney Arcadia ii. (1622) 201 Public affairs were mingled with private grudges. 1601F. Godwin Bps. of Eng. 169 The Conqueror..hauing a priuate grudge at Stigand. 1603R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. 75 The Countes of Maunsfielt have a grudge to the house of Saxony. 1611Bible Mark vi. 19 Herodias had a quarrel [marg. inward grudge] against him. 1657North's Plutarch, Add. Lives (1676) 4 The Arians..bore Athanasius a grudge. 1678Dryden Kind Keeper ii. i. Dram. Wks. 1725 IV. 312, I have a grudge to him, for the Privilege of his Sex. 1767T. Hutchinson Hist. Mass. II. iii. 282 There was a private grudge against him. 1830Cunningham Brit. Paint. II. 244 He went on his errand with a grudge. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. II. 40 He had..an old grudge to stimulate his zeal. 1871Dixon Tower III. xxvii. 306 He nursed some grudge against the Duke. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. x. (1877) 204 Men of this character pursue a grudge unceasingly, and never forget or forgive.
†4. = grudging vbl. n. 2. Obs.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 20 b, If any grudge of the same disease chance to rise againe. 1584Cogan Haven Health ccxiii. (1636) 225 [He] was never vexed with any sicknesse..except the grudge of a fever of one day. 1678R. L'Estrange Seneca's Mor. (1702) 106 They are past the Hazard of a Relapse, but they have still the Grudges of a Disease.
†5. Injury, injurious influence or effect. Obs. rare.
1491Act 7 Hen. VII, c. 10 It was ordeyned..that the said Statute..shuld be adnulled..to the grete prejudice grugge singler hurte and jeoperdie of all your seid true lieges. 1641Milton Reform. ii. (1851) 69 This our shaken Monarchy, that now lies labouring under her throwes, and struggling against the grudges of more dreadfull Calamities.
6. Comb., as grudge-bearing adj.; grudge fight, a fight based on personal antipathy; also fig.
1611Cotgr., Maling, malignant, ill-willie, grudge-bearing. 1927Daily Express 19 July 3/4 It is a ‘grudge fight’,..and it is clear that Stalin is trying to expel Trotsky..from the Central Committee of the Communist Party. Ibid. 22 Sept. 2//5 It may be that the interchange of letters between the Dempsey and Tunney camps has convinced the sporting public that this will be a ‘grudge fight’. 1964J. Hale (title) The grudge fight.
▪ II. grudge, v.|grʌdʒ|
Forms: 5–6 gruge, grugge, groge, 6–7 grudg, (5 grwge, grughe, grogge, growge, 6 grodge, groudge), 5– grudge.
[Altered form of grutch v.; possibly influenced by gregge, agregge, aggrege; cf. aggrudge (aggroggynge, aggrugged) synonymous with aggrieve.]
†1. intr. To murmur; to utter complaints murmuringly; to grumble, complain; to be discontented or dissatisfied. Obs.
1461Paston Lett. No. 404 II. 30 They grudge and sey, how that the kyng resayvith sych..as haff be his gret eanemyes. 1470Fortescue Articles in Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1885) App. B. 349 Somme man..shal mowe obtayne gretter rewardis than thei have disserved, and yit grugge, seying they haue to litill. 1502W. Atkynson tr. De Imitatione i. ix. 159 They haue therin peyne, and lyghtly gruges [earlier version gretchin, v.r. gruccheth]. 1535Coverdale Ps. ii. 1 Why do the Heithen grudge? why do the people ymagyn vayne thinges? 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. (1556) 89 b, Not with standynge all this tourment..he never grudged. 1552Latimer Serm. St. John Evang. Day (1584) 284, I woulde not haue you in any wise to grudge or murmure because ye lack houses. 1600Holland Livy iv. i. (1609) 139 The Volscians and æquians grudged and muttered for the fortifying of Verrugo. 1611Bible Ps. lix. 15 Let them wander vp and downe for meate, and grudge if they be not satisfied. a1632T. Taylor God's Judgem. i. ii. x. (1642) 207 The Cardinall..on his death bed, murmured and grudged.
†b. Const. against, earlier also with (chiefly, a person); at, of (chiefly, a thing). Obs.
c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 228 Thus for to grugge ageyns Godys myght, Aȝens hyȝ God ȝe do offens. 1483Presentm. Juries in Surtees Misc. (1888) 29 The comyns gretly grughis ther wythe þt ther is non as ther was wont to be. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxxiii. 248 He toke vpon hym..to rule in suche wyse, as the Kynge grudged with his doynge. a1529Skelton Sp. Parrot 435 Grocers were grugyd at and groyned at but late. 1535Coverdale Mark xiv. 5 And they grudged against her. 1538Starkey England i. iii. 82 The temporalty grugyth agayn the spiritualty, the commyns agayne the nobullys. 1582–8Hist. Jas. VI (1804) 98 The people of the countrey grudget heavilie at the promotion of this Regent. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. xvii. §2 Nor is there cause why the guilty..should grudge or complain of injustice. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus ii. 9 That too ordinarie a sinne of seruants, when as they priuatly mutter and grudge against the commandments and corrections of their masters and mistresses. 1679Harby Key Script. i. 10 Nor let any grudg at this brief Digress. a1720Sheffield (Dk. Buckhm.) Wks. (1753) II. 260 What! shall we too..Like children, grudge at one another's play-things? 1820Brown Hist. Brit. Ch. I. xi. 345 Stillingfleet..grudged at the late toleration.
†c. with clause expressing the cause.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. i. 47 Many perhaps do grudge, that the Scripture doth not..set forth that fall and the cause..therof. 1621Donne Serm. xv. 148 Neither grudge that thou goest, nor that worse stay. 1642Rogers Naaman 304 How ready..to grudge..that the heat of the day lyes upon them more then others. 1760Beattie Virg. Past. ii. 49 Nor grudge, Alexis, that the rural pipe So oft hath stain'd the roses of thy lip.
†d. to grudge a thought: to think an envious thought. Obs.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iii. i. 176 So perish they, That grudge one thought against your Maiesty.
2. trans. To be unwilling to give, grant, or allow (something); to begrudge. Also with inf. as obj.
c1500Three Kings' Sons 110 For the symplesse & pouert of his persone, he gruggid the lesse his deliueraunce. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Jas. 32 Shall his faythe auaile him, that at Goddes commaundement grudgeth to geue a cote to hys neyghbour that starueth for colde. 1596Edward III, iii. iv. F 4 b, The garrison of Genoaes..weary with their march, Grudging to be soddenly imployd. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 415 What if God had called mee to heaven; would you have grudged my departure? 1618J. Bulloker in Farr S.P. Jas. I (1848) 291 His owne disciples, too, that sate at bord, Do grudge such cost bestow'd vpon their Lord. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 268 The English are very good Sea-men..never grudging their labour. 1711Addison Spect. No. 10 ⁋6, I hope these my gentle Readers..will not grudge throwing away a Quarter of an Hour in a Day on this Paper. 1755Young Centaur v. Wks. 1757 IV. 236 Shall we grudge to pay half that pains for an eternity? 1758Johnson Idler No. 80 ⁋4 [She] tells how she grudges every moment of delay. 1830D'Israeli Chas. I, III. ix. 198 Some..were jealous to obtain the distinction of a royal visit, though they grudged the cost. 1845McCulloch Taxation ii. ii. (1852) 169 The duties on spirits and tobacco..are paid without being grudged. 1846Keble Lyra Innoc. (1873) 158 Why should we grudge the hour of prayer? 1848Baroness Bunsen in Hare Life (1879) II. iii. 120, I grudge your being disturbed in the composure you had re-conquered. 1873Browning Red Cott. Nt.-cap 199 And as with body, so proceed with soul: Nor less discerningly..grudge To play the doctor.
b. Const. to or dat.
1639Fuller Holy War v. iii. (1640) 233 The world..never grudged them great wages who did good work. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 677 Long the Gods..Have grudg'd thee, Cæsar, to the World below. 1719Young Busiris ii. i, I'd grudge her beauties to the gods that gave them. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xv. III. 508 Even zealous Royalists might not have grudged the old Republican a grave in his native soil. 1871R. Ellis tr. Catullus lxiv. 170 Thus to my utmost need chance..Grudges an ear. 1873Helps Anim. & Mast. iii. (1875) 63, I don't grudge these people their pleasures.
†3. trans. To envy (a person). Also intr. To be envious. Obs. rare.
1587Gascoigne Wks., Pr. Pleas. Kenilw. A v, Whose graces make the Gods to grudge, me thinkes it should be shee. a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 376 No good man will grudge him under this title, who shall seriously peruse this his epitaph.
†4. trans. To trouble or vex mentally: said either of something which grieves the conscience or of the conscience distressing a person. Also impers. Obs.
1483Nottingham Rec. II. 393 On thyng in especyalle gruggyd theyr consyens. 1488Will of Sir E. Shea (Somerset Ho.), My conscience gruggeth me that I wronged hym. 1534More Let. to Marg. Roper Wks. 1429/1, I woulde not declare any speciall part of that othe that grudged my conscience. 1535Goodly Primer, Chr. Instruct. Childr., Call to your mind what offence..chiefliest grudgeth your conscience. 1619J. Dyke Counterpoyson (1620) 22 Oh how it grudges the wretch to spare God so much time! Ibid. 50 It would have grudged him farre more to haue seene them hang from yeare to yeare.
absol. or intr.c1460G. Ashby Poems iii. 895 To do ayeinste conscience in suche guise, Whiche shal frete and gruge in your soule & mynde. 1558Bp. Watson Sev. Sacram. xxi. 134 He stopped hys eares, and woulde not suffer hys conscience to grudge, nor shewe hym hys offences.
†5. pass. and intr. To be seized with a disease; to have the first touch or access of a fever. Obs. (Cf. grudge n. 4, grudging vbl. n. 2.)
1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clxv. 160 He was grudgyd with a feuoure; for remedye whereof, he toke a pocion of a physycion Iewe. 1530Palsgr. 575/2, I groudge, as one doth that hath a groudgyng of the axes, je frilonne... Me thynke his axes cometh upon hym, for he groudgeth all redy. 1549Chaloner Erasm. on Folly H j a, Who maie auant him selfe to do wiseli, and not to be grudged with some spyce of madnesse [L. quique non aliquo insaniæ genere teneatur].
†b. intr. To chatter with the teeth (? as in ague). Obs. rare— 1.
c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. v. 1309 There is noon that it seeth But for feer he gruggeth with his teeth.
†6. trans. To load, cram [? for gregge, aggrege].
1642Rogers Naaman 532 Hee shall choke them with their owne morsells, and grudge them therewith till they come out at their nostrills.
Hence grudged ppl. a.
1549Chaloner Erasm. on Folly G ij a, They fele not what a twitching turment it is to have a grudged conscience. c1636Strafford Papers I. 210 Nobility is such a grudged and envied piece of monarchy. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xlvii. (1856) 442 A grudged ration of seal's meat. |