| 释义 |
▪ I. uˈneath, a. Obs. or arch.
Forms: (see quots.).
[OE. unéaðe, -íeðe, etc.: see un-1 7 and eath a.]
Difficult, hard, troublesome, distressing.
a900Andreas 205 Nis þæt uneaðe eallwealdan gode to ᵹefremmanne on foldweᵹe. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives xiii. 247 Þa cwæð dauid him to: Uneaðe me is ðis. c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 444 Molestus, unyþe. a1200Moral Ode 181 Nis na sullic þech hom bo wa and hom be uneade [v.r. uneaðe]. c1205Lay. 2259 Corineus wes un-eðe, & wa on his mode.
1570Levins Manip. 213 Vneathe, difficilis. 1590Spenser F.Q. iv. x. 39 An altar of some costly masse, Whose substance was vneath to vnderstand. 1629H. Burton Truth's Triumph 210 The..hare..makes many doubles,..that vneath it is for the most sagacious pursuer to..finde her out. 1647H. More Song of Soul ii. liii, But what's within, uneath is to convey to narrow vessels that are full afore. Ibid. lxxxv. 1714Croxall Another Orig. Canto Spenser xii, Where Freres and Monks swarm round, that it uneath May seem 'mongst them to live. 1767Mickle Concubine ii. xxxvii, Uneath it is long Habits to expell. 1799Scott Covenanter's Fate xxii, ‘I fear me,’ quoth he, ‘uneath it will be To match thy word with deed’.
▪ II. uneath, adv. Now only arch.|ʌˈniːθ|
Forms: α. 1–3 uneaðe (3 -æðe), 2–3 uneðe (2 -ieþe), 3 on-, 4 uneþe, 4–6 unethe (4–5 on-), 6 Sc. on-, uneith, 6– uneath. β. 3–5 unneþe (3 -eæþe, -eðe, onneþe), 4–6 (9) unnethe (5 onnethe, unnythe); 3 unneaðe, -eaþe, 4 onn(y)eaþe, 6–7 unneath, 7 unneeth. γ. 4–7 uneth (5–6 oneth), 4 unneþ, 4–7 unneth. (Also 3–7 vn-.)
[OE. unéaðe, f. un- un-1 11 b + éaðe eath adv.]
1. Not easily; (only) with difficulty; scarcely, hardly.
In very common use from c 1300 to c 1600. Usually denoting limitation of the power to act in the way desired or intended, so that the sense of ‘scarcely’ becomes the prominent one.
c888K. ælfred Boeth. v. §3 Uneaþe ic mæᵹ forstandan þine acsunga. Ibid. xxxix. §4 Uneaðe hire cymð æniᵹ mon of, ᵹif he ærest an cemð. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xix. 23 Forðon wlonc uneaðe vel hefiᵹ innᵹeongas in ric heofna. a1000Colloq. ælfric in Wr.-Wülcker 96 Hwylon forlidenesse ic þolie.., uneaþe cwic ætberstende. a1050O.E. Chron. (MS. C) an. 1040, He..astealde þa swiðe strang ᵹyld, þæt man hit uneaðe acom. c1205Lay. 31438 Mucchel del heo sloȝen of þan mon-weorede, and þe king Penda uneðe gon anwende. a1250Owl & Night. 1605 Þu me hauest sore igremed..Þat ic may vnneþe speke. 13..Sir Beues (A.) 884 So mani arwes to him þai sende, Unneþe a miȝte him self defende. c1369Chaucer Dethe Blaunche 712 As I yow telle Vnnethe myght y lenger duelle. 1382Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 267 Unnethe may prestes seculers Gete any service for thes frers. c1440Generydes 977 So sorowfull he was That he onnethe myght speke to the kyng. Ibid. 4946 [He] was..sore for-bled that vnnethe myght he stonde. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1906) 9 Making suche noise that unnethe thei might haue herde the thundre. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 338 b, Whiche did asmuche benefite to the commen⁓weale, as uneth any penne maye wryte. 1578Lyte Dodoens v. lxxiv. 641 The blades are cut almost euery day harde by the grounde,..and therefore it can vnethe or scarsely growe vp. 1601Holland Pliny II. 90 Thyme seed lyeth so close, that unneth or hardly it can be found. 1631Gouge God's Arrows i. §70. 117 There was so grievous a mortality of people, as the quicke might unneath burie the dead. a1656Ussher Ann. (1658) 395 His army grew so loaden with the spoile..that they were unneeth able to march above five mile a day. 1739G. West Abuse Trav. xliii, A small river, that full slow did glide, As it uneath mote find its watry path For stones and rubbish. 1805Scott Last Minstr. vi. xxix, The standers-by might hear uneath, Footstep, or voice,..Through all the lengthen'd row. 1834Hare Guesses (1848) 346 Man's hard, clencht mouth, whence words uneath do slip.
b. Scarcely, hardly, barely (in respect of extent, amount, degree, etc.).
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 33 Þeues..wundeden him swiðe sore, and forleten him unneðe liues. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 1421 After him was gayus [emperor] vif ȝer vnneþe. c1300Seyn Julian (Ashm. MS.) 178 Þat led þat bolynde was, vnneþe it þoȝte hire warm. c1374Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 135 On him is al hir thought, Þat wele vnneþe of mete tooke she keepe. 1390Gower Conf. I. 364 The remenant of folk aboute Unethe stonden eny doute To werre ech other and to slee. c1430Two Cookery-bks. 44 Put hem in a panne.., & vnneþe ony grece in þe panne. 1484Caxton Fables of Alfonce i, I haue lyued lenger than thy self haste & vnnethe I haue gete half a frend. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 296 Uneth any tree [is] more goodly to beholde afarre of then the cypres tree. 1596C. Fitzgeffrey Sir F. Drake (1881) 58 Honour enmoves her to attempt the flight, And wave her feathers (unneath taught to flie). 1606N. Baxter Sidney's Ourania D ij, Ignorant, lewde, Uneth with one drop of Nectar bedewde.
†c. With accompanying negative. Obs.
13..Guy Warw. (A.) 254 He no dar his loue keþe, No sen hir wel vnneþe. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 100 Al my breste bolleþ for bitter of my galle; May no suger so swete aswagen hit vnneþe. c1400Mandeville (1919) xxii. 128 Fissches..casten hem self to the see banke of þat yle, so gret plentee..þat noman may vnnethe see but fissch. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 3392 Wel onethe he ne myȝt endure Hym to dismembre. 1477Paston Lett. III. 175 The causey..is so over flowyn that ther is no man that may onethe passe it. 1559Primer in Priv. Prayers (1851) 90, I dare not unneth make my prayers unto thee, for thou art angry with me. 1600Fairfax Tasso v. xxxiv, And further ads,..That none offence could greater be vneath, And yet the place the fault did aggrauate.
†d. ellipt. with but. (Cf. but conj. 7.) Obs.
1601Weever Mirr. Mart. C 2 b, A vile contagious mist which can vnneath But pestilence or worse diseases breede.
†e. erron. Almost. Obs. rare.
1590Spenser F.Q. i. xi. 4 A roaring hideous sound That..seemd vneath to shake the stedfast ground. 1600Fairfax Tasso iv. lix, Thus causelesse hatred, endlesse is vneath.
†2.
a. Reluctantly, unwillingly. Obs.
c900tr. Baeda's Hist. ii. ii. 100 Þa ᵹeðafodan þæt uneaðe þa his ᵹesacan. c1000ælfric Gen. xxxiii. 11 Ic bidde þe, þæt þu onfo þissa laca... Þa underfeng he hiᵹ uneaðe. a1200Moral Ode 189 We ȝeueð uneðe [v.r. uneaðe] for his luue a stuche of ure brede. 1382Wyclif Gen. xxxiii. 11 Vnneth, the brother compellynge, takynge [he] seith, Goo we togideres.
†b. In difficult circumstances; in hardship. Obs.
1591Spenser F.Q. i. ix. 38 Is then uniust to each his due to giue?.. Or let him die at ease, that liueth here vneath? a1592Greene Selimus i. 375 The gray-beard..liu'd at ease, while others liu'd vneath.
†3. Scarcely, in respect of time; only just. Obs.
c1000ælfric Gen. xxvii. 30 Uneaðe Isaac ᵹeendode þas spræce, þa Iacob ut eode. c1205Lay. 16397 Vn-neæðe [c 1275 onneþe] wes þis spel isæid to þan ende, Þa iseȝen heo Hængest halden ouer dune. a1225Leg. Kath. 1993 Þis wes uneaðe iseid, Þet an engel ne com. a1300Cursor M. 11685 Vnnethe had he said þe sune, Quen þe tre it boghed dune. 1382Wyclif Gen. xxvii. 30 Vnneth Ysaac had fulfillid the word, and Jacob goon out, Esau com. a1400–50Alexander 4185 Vnneth his prayer was past, quen purid all þe cloudis. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 1227 Whan kynge Vulfer approched his castell And vnneth was entred into his hall. 1556J. Heywood Spider & Fly lxxiv. 83, I was no soner returnd vnneth, Ere I had..iudgement of deth. |