| 释义 |
habitat|ˈhæbɪtæt|
[a. L. habitat, 3rd pers. sing. pres. tense of habitāre, lit. ‘it inhabits’, in Floras or Faunas, written in Latin, introducing the natural place of growth or occurrence of a species. Hence, taken as the technical term for this.]
1. a. Nat. Hist. The locality in which a plant or animal naturally grows or lives; habitation. Sometimes applied to the geographical area over which it extends, or the special locality to which it is confined; sometimes restricted to the particular station or spot in which a specimen is found; but chiefly used to indicate the kind of locality, as the sea-shore, rocky cliffs, chalk hills, or the like.
[1762Hudson Flora Anglica 70 Common Primrose—Habitat in sylvis sepibus et ericetis ubique.] 1796Withering Brit. Plants Dict. Terms (ed. 3) 62 Habitatio, the natural place of growth of a plant in its wild state. This is now generally expressed by the word Habitat. 1809Edin. Rev. XV. 127 It has also flowered..after having been transferred from its native habitat. 1817J. Bradbury Trav. 7 A catalogue of some of the more rare plants in the neighbourhood of St. Louis..together with their habitats. 1840E. Newman Brit. Ferns (1844) 255 The Black Spleenwort..occurs on rocks as a native habitat. 1857H. Miller Test. Rocks i. 9 The sea is everywhere now..the great habitat of the Algæ. 1874J. A. Allen in Coues Birds N.W. 294 A mixed race has been long known to exist in the region where their habitats adjoin.
b. Hence generally: Dwelling-place; habitation.
1854Lowell Cambridge 30 Yrs. Ago Pr. Wks. 1890 I. 48 But every thing is not a Thing, and all things are good for nothing out of their natural habitat. 1869Miss Mulock Woman's Kingd. III. 54 He reached at last Brook Street, that favourite habitat of physicians. 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue §372 This word [splotch] has its habitat in Oxfordshire. 1876Gladstone Homeric Synchr. 83 Pleas..for accepting an Asiatic origin and habitat for Homer.
2. Comb. habitat form, the form developed by a race or organism in response to its habitat; habitat group, any group of species whose members favour a similar habitat.
1902F. E. Clements in Beiblatt zu den Botanischen Jahrbüchern LXX. 17 A habitat form is the modified form of a species common to two or more formations produced by a particular formation, i.e. habitat, such as the alpine meadow habitat form of Campanula rotundifolia. 1916B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms (ed. 3) 169/1 Habitat-form, the impress given to the plant by the habitat.
1898Pound & Clements Phytogeogr. Nebraska iv. 93 A habitat group is a group of species, which are subject to similar physical conditions, and frequent like habitats. 1959E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Is. I. 57 This ‘bionomic classification’, as the method is called, is based on habitat-groups. 1962Conservationist June–July 20/2 Four new life-size dioramas (natural habitat groups) of four types of fish areas in Rochester and Munroe County are featured in permanent exhibitions in the Hall of Natural Science at the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences. |