| 释义 |
hardly, adv.|ˈhɑːdlɪ|
Forms: see hard a.
[f. hard a. + -ly2.]
In a hard manner.
†1. With energy, force, or strenuous exertion; vigorously, forcibly, violently. Obs.
c1205Lay. 7480 Hardliche [c 1275 hardeliche] heo heowen. Ibid. 16700 Samuel þæt sweord an-hof And hærdeliche adun sloh. c1305St. Christopher 82 in E.E.P. (1862) 62 He..step hardeliche & faste. c1460Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 247 Lay on him hardely, And make hym go his gate. a1550Freiris of Berwik 552 in Dunbar's Poems (1893) 303 Stryk, stryk herdely, for now is tyme to the. 1607Topsell Serpents (1658) 625 The Lamprey caught fast hold on his hand, biting hardly. 1713Steele Guardian No. 58 ⁋6 I..drink stale beer the more hardly, because, unless I will, nobody else does. 1818M. W. Shelley Frankenst. iv. (1865) 68 My pulse beat so quickly and hardly, that I felt the palpitation of every artery.
†2. Boldly, daringly, hardily. Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 268 Heo..þet, wið swuche goste, herdeliche ne uihteð. a1300Cursor M. 12953 (Gött.) Hardli [Fairf. baldeli] he ȝode him nere. c1400Rowland & O. 446 Feghte one, dere Sone, hardely. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon viii. 194 Lete vs goo to it hardly For we durste well assaylle the devylle when ye be wyth vs. 1566Painter Pal. Pleas. I. 99 b, Speake hardly thy minde. 1622Bp. Andrewes Serm. (ed. 18) 258 Keep on your hats, sit even as you do hardly.
†3. Firmly. Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 268 Herdeliche ileueð þet al þe deofles strencðe melteð þuruh þe grace of þe holi sacrament. c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. v. 264 Leue this doctryne hardyly as ȝoure crede! 1583Stanyhurst æneis, Conceites (Arb.) 138 In brest of the godesse, Gorgon was coketed hardlye.
4. With hard pressure; with severity or rigour; severely, rigorously, harshly.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cxxx. 158 He is hardely matched, wherfore he hathe nede of your ayde. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 190 Two Bishops and an Abbot..were hardly and streightly kept in strong prison so long as the king lyved. 1573G. Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 3, I besout [him]..that he wuld not deale so hardly bi me. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 51 The unconstant people..now began to speak hardly of him. a1656Bp. Hall Rem. Wks. (1660) 32 Being shipped at Deep, the Sea used us hardly. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxxi, How is it, Sir, that this poor man..is used thus hardly? 1853A. J. Morris Business i. 10 Conscience is hardly bestead by the demands of life. 1886Law T. 20 Feb. 283/2 The rule worked hardly.
5. With trouble or hardship; uneasily, painfully.
1535Coverdale Ps. xxi[i]. 29 They that lye in the dust, and lyue so hardly. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 41 Cornysh⁓men..gate theyr lyvyng hardly by minynge and diggyng tinne and metall. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 118 The Husbandmen live hardly. 1705W. Bosman Guinea 108 The Money we get here is indeed hardly enough acquired. 1712Sewall Diary 17 June (1879) II. 352 Mr. White condescending to ride before, sitting hardly. 1840Macaulay Ess., Clive (1887) 555 What is made is slowly, hardly, and honestly earned.
6. Not easily, with difficulty. Obs. exc. as contained in 7.
1535Coverdale Wisd. ix. 16 Very hardly can we discerne the thinges that are vpon earth. 1582N. T. (Rhem.) Luke xviii. 24 How hardly [Tind., Cranm., Geneva, with what difficulty] shal they that haue money enter into the kingdom of God? 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. ii. §2 We are hardliest able to bring such proofe..as may satisfie gainesayers. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus' Ann. iv. xvi. 116 Vnto whom accesse was hardliest obtained. 1650Fuller Pisgah 270 Bitumen..quickly kindled, hardly quenched. 1708Burnet Lett. (ed. 3) 123 When it has rain'd ever so little..the Carts go deep, and are hardly drawn. 1766Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. (1767) II. xiv. 271 Easily provoked and hardly pacified. 1822Keble Serm. i. (1848) 17 The rock, to which Solomon hardly won his way after many hard conflicts.
7. Barely, only just; almost not; not quite; scarcely. (In early use only gradually distinguished from 6. Formerly sometimes (as still in vulgar use) with superfluous negative.)
1553Eden Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.) 7 It hardelye agreeth with the pinciples of Philosophie and common experience. 1601Holland Pliny I. 310 Being so little. (as hardly the finenesse thereof cannot be seen). 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 89 All which will hardly amount to fower score pounds. 1674N. Cox Gentl. Recreat. iii. (1677) 59 Either of these will not suffer him to keep hardly flesh upon his back. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 142 When Day broke I could hardly believe my Eyes. 1710Steele Tatler No. 193 ⁋1, I had hardly entered the Room, when I was accosted by Mr. Thomas Dogget. 1783Ld. Hailes Antiq. Chr. Ch. i. 2 We can hardly place it earlier. 1840De Quincey Style Wks. XI. 262 With a life of leisure, but with hardly any books. 1860–1F. Nightingale Nursing 46, I need hardly say, that [etc.]. 1874Green Short Hist. ii. §7. 100 A year had hardly passed. [Mod. (vulgar) I couldn't hardly tell what he meant.]
8. In close proximity, closely; = hard adv. 6.
1584in Spenser's Wks. (Grosart) I. 483 Being hardlie followed by certaine kearnes. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 35 They were so hardly pursued. 1880Daily News 12 Nov. 2/1 They are hardly run by some of the English Potteries.
†9. Parenthetically. Certainly, assuredly, by all means: see hardily 3. Obs.
10. Comb. (with ppl. adjs.), as hardly-acquired, hardly-earned, hardly-labouring, hardly-rendered, hardly-removed, hardly-used.
1625K. Long tr. Barclay's Argenis iii. xii. 190 Tokens of his hardly-removed sicknesse. 1858Mrs. Oliphant Laird of Norlaw II. 31 Many a hardly-labouring soul, full of generous plans and motives, has seen a stranger enter into its labours. 1866Trollope Belton Est. II. vi. 158 The hardly-used groom had returned from his futile afternoon's inquiry. 1882Ouida Maremma I. 34 With her hardly-earned gains. 1890W. Stebbing Peterborough ix. 176 The honour and loyalty of the hardly-used veteran. 1937Discovery Aug. 240/2 The hardly-won natural gem. 1952C. P. Blacker Eugenics 282 Each hardly-won improvement in human conditions. |