| 释义 |
▪ I. † aˈlive, v. Obs.
Forms as in live.
[f. a- prefix 1 intens. + live, OE. libban. Cf. Ger. erleben.]
To live. (prop. trans.)
c885K. ælfred Oros. i. ii. §2 Hý..on bilwitnesse hyra lif alyfdon. c1175Lamb. Hom. 109 Ȝunge monnan mei tweonian hweðer hi moten alibban.
▪ II. alive, adv. or (pred.) a., orig. phr.|əˈlaɪv|
Forms: α. 1–2 on lífe, 2–7 on liue, 4–6 on lyue, on lyve, 6 on lyfe. β. Contr.: 3 oliue, 3–7 aliue, 4 olyve, olyfe, 4–6 alyve, alyue, 5 a lyff, 6 alyfe, 6– alive.
[A prep.1 = on, in + ME. live, OE. lífe, dat. sing. of líf life. Here, as in the pl. lives and the vb. live, the f between two vowels took the voice-sound v, while f final remained in the nom. sing. This disguises the fact that a-live is only a shortened form of on life = in life. The fuller form on live was still current in the 17th cent.]
1. a. In life; in the living state; living.
αa1000Cædmon Gen. (Grein) 2610 Seó on life wæs wintrum yldre. 1205Layam. 1378 Wel wes him on liue [1250 aliue]. 1387Trevisa Higden Rolls Ser. V. 259 Þey þat were lefte no lyve. c1440Gesta Rom. (1879) 285 He went and bete him, and lefte hym halfe on lyve. c1500Partenay 4204 Fair sir, saue my life, lete me on-lif go. 1576Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 68 About which time Geffrey of Monmouth was on live also. 1602[See 3].
βc1200Moral Ode 23 Hwile he beð aliue. [Another MS. Hwile ȝe buð a life.] c1300Beket 67 Whar he scholde alyve this Gilbert fynde. c1400Destr. Troy xxiii. 9549 Achilles..Might socour his Soudiours, & saue hom alyue. c1440Morte Arth. 802 Thus he brittenyd the bere, and broghte hyme olyfe. 1538Starkey Eng. ii. ii. 136 Theyr parentys being Alyfe. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. ii. ii. 75 God reste his soule aliue or dead. 1611Bible Josh. ii. 13 Saue aliue my father. 1711Steele Spect. No. 254 ⁋2 To be married I find is to be buried alive. 1796H. Glasse Cookery x. 154 Take your cod whilst alive and cut it in slices. a1842Tennyson May Queen iii. i., I thought to pass away before, and yet alive I am.
b. Occas. as adj. in attrib. position (senses 1 and 5).
1938E. Bowen Death of Heart iii. i. 329 Portia said, in a hardly alive voice: ‘I thought you said you had finished everything.’ 1959D. Eden Sleeping Bride xix. 150 Her intensely alive face..her eager response. 1961K. Norway Waterfront Hosp. iv. 67 Group Captain Hurst is the most alive man I know.
c. Colloq. phr. alive and well (and living in..), etc.: alive and active, flourishing (at the place named), esp. despite suggestions to the contrary.
1966New Statesman 26 Aug. 286/3 Much of today's wittiest and most significant writing can be found scrawled on walls... How would the Englishman react to God is alive and living in Argentina, or God is Dead: Nietzsche, countered by Nietzsche is dead: God? 1968Listener 3 Oct. 449/3 The Daily Mail recently began a column-length tribute to Radio Leeds with the conceivably exaggerated remark: ‘The Goon Show is not dead. It is alive and well, living in Yorkshire and operating under the name of BBC Radio Leeds.’ 1970New York 16 Nov. 66/1 Entertainments..reminding us that laughter is alive and well (and not a nervous reaction to some blackness of comedy). 1974[see motel]. 1977Time 5 Sept. 52/3 The last English eccentric is alive and well and living comfortably in Oakland. 1978G. Bordman Amer. Musical Theatre xi. 656/1 A small-scale ‘cabaret revue’..opened January 22 [1968] at the Village Gate...The Belgian Jacques Brel had gathered about him so loyal, persuasive a cult that by the time Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and living in Paris closed it had run up..1,847 performances...At the time, when some theologians were asking ‘Is God dead?’ others were replying that God was alive and well in various locations. 1986More (N. Z.) Feb. 19/2,I was stunned when this happened. I thought bigotry is alive and well in my community.
2. a. Often used for emphasis: ‘any man alive,’ any living man whatever, any man in the world.
a1230Hali Meid. 19 Þeo beon to alle men oliue iliche meane. c1400Destr. Troy xxxii. 12814 Hir brother ho best louet of buernes olyue. c1420Chron. Vilod. 793 Glad and blythe was everyche a lyff. c1449Pecock Repr. 535 Ouer hard to eny man on lyue. 1552Lyndesay Monarche 5062 To peirs the hartis Off euerilk Creature on lyue. 1711Steele Spect. No. 167 ⁋3, I should be the most contented happy man alive. 1858Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. Part. I. xxii. 81 There is no assignable cause; man alive cannot tell a reason why.
b. Hence, as intensive or expletive. colloq.
a1845Hood Agric. Distress vi, Says he, ‘no matter man alive!’ 1857Dickens Christmas Carol 43 Why, bless my heart alive, my dear, how late you are! a1860in Bartlett Dict. Amer. s.v. Sakes, Why, sakes alive! do tell me if Enos is as mean as all that comes to.
3. fig. in reference, e.g. to fire, courage, discontent, fame, memory, or anything which is liable to subside, fail, or decay: In full force or vigour, unextinguished, unabated, unforgotten.
1602Carew Cornwall 38 b, Cornish gentlemen use all possible remedies..to keep it on live. 1603Shakes. Meas. for M. iii. ii. 240 There is scarce truth enough aliue to make Societies secure. 1756Burke Vind. Nat. Soc. Wks. I. 61 Our boasted liberty..has only been kept alive by the blasts of continual feuds. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 74 He kept discontent constantly alive. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. III. xiii. 277 The political constitution once common to every Teutonic people was still alive in England.
4. In the sentient or susceptible condition which distinguishes life from death; fully susceptible (to any sensation or idea); sensitive, awake, fully conscious.
1732Pope Ess. Man I. 191 The touch, if tremblingly alive all o'er, To smart. 1762Falconer Shipwr. (R.) Tremblingly alive to nature's laws. 1778Bentham Penal Law Wks. 1843 I. 456 Women..are more alive to, and susceptible of, the impression of shame than men. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 31 My feelings were yet alive on the subject. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 139 Both sides were fully alive to the vital importance of the crisis.
5. a. In the active condition which distinguishes life from death; full of alacrity, lively, vivacious, brisk, quick in action. to look alive (colloq.): to make haste. (all) alive, (alive), oh! (from the cry of fish sellers): very much alive and active. alive and kicking: see kicking ppl. a.
c1709Squire Bickerstaff Detected 7 Can any Man of common Sense think it..not much beneath the Dignity of a Philosopher, to stand bawling before his own Dore—Alive! Alive! Hoa! 1748Richardson Clarissa (J.) She was not so much alive the whole day, if she slept more than six hours. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. iii. (1863) 108 The most entertaining person, the most alive of any one I met there. 1825T. Creevey Let. 16 Mar. in Creevey Papers (1963) xii. 205 Our York is all alive O! He dined at Sefton's this day week as gay as a lark. 1835Marryat Jac. Faithf. i. 5 We must be at the wharf early tomorrow morning, so keep alive. 1854J. R. Planché Once upon a Time i. iv. 16 Sub. Girls, where's your mother? Chloe. Coming at a wish. Sub. She is — and all alive O! like your fish. 1858T. Hughes Scouring W. Horse 29 The Squire..told the men to look alive and get their job done. 1859[see O int. 3]. 1884J. Yorkston Cockles & Mussels, As she wheel'd her wheel barrow Through streets broad and narrow, Crying ‘cockles and mussels alive, alive o!’ 1941‘N. Blake’ Abom. Snowman xix. 215 He and Andrew have skipped together, both alive-oh. 1956‘M. Innes’ Old Hall, New Hall i. x. 91 Joscelyn..was suddenly struck all of a heap by Edward's all alive-oh Grecian girl.
b. transf. Of things, in specific uses. (See quots.)
1845S. Judd Margaret ii. i. 186 Her Mother ‘stirs it off’ and a due quantity of the ‘quick’ and ‘alive’ crystal sweet is the result. 1892Gunter Miss Dividends xvi. 234 The locomotives..are moving about slowly, with a view to keeping themselves what is technically called ‘alive’—that is their steam up, sufficient to give them power of motion. 1937Times 13 Apr. p. xxv/2 The spare parts department..carries approximately 40,000 different components, all of which are kept ‘alive’ for a period of no less than five years. 1943‘T. Dudley-Gordon’ Coastal Command ii. 20 It [sc. a torpedo] becomes ‘alive’ only after running through the water for a certain distance, so that the arming vane rotates a certain number of times.
c. Electr. Charged with electric current; connected to a source of electricity. Cf. live a. 4.
1898E. J. Houston Dict. Electr. Words (ed. 4) 674/2 ‘Alive’, (1) a name sometimes given to a live wire or circuit. (2) an active wire or circuit. 1958Which? I. ii. 6/1 If the casing becomes alive and you touch it while in contact with the bath, you may get electrocuted.
6. In a state of commotion, stirring, or swarming with things in motion.
1789Morse Amer. Geogr. 205 The markets are alive with them [sc. fish]. 1808Scott Marm. v. vi, All was alive with martial show. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 361 The whole river was alive with wherries. 1872Black Adv. Phaeton xxvi. 362 The hotel was all alive with elderly ladies.
7. Comb. alive-like a., with all the appearance of being alive.
1639J. Clarke Parœmiol. 275 He's alive, and alive-like, Crotone salubrius. |