| 释义 |
uniˈversalist, n. and a.
[f. as prec. + -ist. Cf. F. universaliste, G. universalist.]
A. n.
1. a. Theol. One who believes or maintains the doctrine that redemption or election is extended to the whole of mankind and not confined to a part of it; spec. in U.S., a member of a sect or Church holding this doctrine.
1626tr. Parallel A ij, The error of the Vniuersalists is too vniuersally dispread. 1648O. Howe (title), The Vniversalist examined and convicted, destitute of plaine Sayings of Scripture. 1684Burnet Trav. i. (1750) 58 Some Assertors both in Geneva and Switzerland, who denied the Imputation of Adam's Sin, and asserted the Universality of Christ's Death, together with a sufficient Grace given to all Men... These came to be called Universalists. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v., The Arminians are particularly denominated Universalists. 1773Wesley Wks. (1872) X. 425 Bishop Ridley, Hooper, and Latimer..were firm Universalists. 1805J. Spaulding Universalism 150 These Universalists pretend to be the foremost in extolling the grace of God. 1853Bp. S. Wilberforce Let. in Life (1881) II. 211 That you therefore do..revive the old doctrine of the Universalists. 1861Contrib. Eccl. Hist. Connecticut 278 Attempts..to gather a congregation of Universalists for public worship.
b. transf. One who believes in the brotherhood of all men in a manner not subject to national allegiances.
1944[see regionalist]. 1952V. Gollancz My Dear Timothy xii. 110 A universalist is a person for whom nations don't exist, only persons. 1955Times 25 Aug. 7/2 It seemed unfair to call him an expatriate, for he was a true universalist. It is as a man who loves his fellow men..that Mr. MacDonald has succeeded in being a one-man civilizing factor in this territory.
†2. A believer in or maintainer of the universality of the Roman Catholic Church. Obs.—1
1644Featly Roma Ruens 29 To this poynt I earnestly desire particular satisfaction, which I have not yet received from any Roman Catholike, or universalist (as they would be called).
3. One who in respect of a specified thing acts with universality or uniformity. rare.
1677Gilpin Demonol. iii. xx. 172 A true Christian should be a perfect Universalist, he should be universally against all Sin, and universally for All Duty.
†4. One who uses universals or universal propositions. Obs.—1
1680Baxter Answ. Stillingfl. Pref. A 3 Universallists, that can prove me to be an Ass, because I am an Animal.
5. a. One who is supposed to have, or pretends to, a knowledge of all things; a person who is devoted to many subjects or sciences, as opposed to a specialist; a universal scholar.
1713Bentley Freethinking iii. 11 A modern Free-thinker is an Universalist in Speculation: any Proposition whatsoever he's ready to decide. 1800in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. IV. 154 All subjects were alike to this universalist. 1830S. H. Cassan Bps. Bath & Wells ii. 172 He was an Universalist in the best sense of the word; and not a smatterer in various sciences. 1881Nature XXIV. 356 The gold of a universalist is apt to shrink down into dross when tested in the crucible of a specialist.
b. One who has many occupations, interests, etc.
1801Sporting Mag. XVIII. 104 You'll find I'm an universalist; i.e. a Professor of all trades.
6. One who regards something as a whole and not from one particular point of view.
1892E. C. Stedman Nat. Poetry iv. 142 The best critic, then, is the universalist, who sees the excellence of either phase of expression according as it is natural to one's race and period.
B. adj. Universalistic.
1819Universalist Mag. 21 Aug. 32/3 Pastor of the First Independent Church of Christ, called Universalist, in Philadelphia. 1859Allibone Dict. Eng. Lit. I. 109 Ballon, Rev. Hosea,..a prominent Universalist minister. 1877J. E. Carpenter tr. Tiele's Hist. Relig. 89 The universalist monotheism of the Gospel, which has entirely broken down the bounds of nationality. |