| 释义 |
Hawking, n.2 Physics.
Brit. |ˈhɔːkɪŋ|, U.S. |ˈhɔkɪŋ|, |ˈhɑkɪŋ|
[‹ the name of Stephen W. Hawking (b. 1942), English theoretical physicist and cosmologist who proposed the theory in 1974 (Nature 1 Mar. 30/1).]
attrib. Designating or relating to the process by which particle–antiparticle pairs form spontaneously in the vicinity of a black hole, usually recombining but sometimes with one of the particles being absorbed by the black hole while the other is radiated away, causing the hole to lose mass over time. Chiefly in Hawking radiation.
1976Physical Rev. D 13 2170/1 The sum over all modes of the star will..produce the Hawking radiation with its thermal characteristics. 1983Sci. Amer. Dec. 111/1 Because the quantity of radiation emitted by an object depends on its temperature, the Hawking radiation from an astrophysical black hole is utterly negligible. 1990J. Gribbin & M. Rees Cosmic Coincidences (1991) vii. 189 Like a black hole evaporating away its mass through the Hawking process, but much more rapidly, a loop of vibrating cosmic string will lose energy and shrink away. 1994P. Davies Last Three Minutes vii. 87 The Hawking effect would be strongest for microscopic black holes. 2001Nature 25 Oct. 778/1 He states that black holes are definitely not black because they give off Hawking radiation—this despite the fact that Hawking radiation has not yet been observed in an astronomical object. |