| 释义 |
hæmatite, hematite Min.|ˈhɛmətaɪt, ˈhiːm-|
Formerly also in Lat. form hæmatites |hiːməˈtaɪtiːz|. Also 6–7 em-. The spelling hem- is usual in commercial and economic use.
[ad. L. hæmatītes, Gr. αἱµατίτης (sc. λίθος) lit. blood-like stone, f. αἱµατ- blood: see -ite.]
Native sesquioxide of iron (Fe2O3), an abundant and widely distributed iron ore, occurring in various forms (crystalline, massive, or granular); in colour, red, reddish-brown, or blackish with a red streak. (Sometimes distinguished as red hæmatite: cf. b.)
α1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. 207 a/2 (Stanf.) Of the stone called ematites. 1601Holland Pliny II. 587 The sanguine load-stone, called Hæmatites. 1750tr. Leonardus' Mirr. Stones 98 Emathitis, or Emathites, is a reddish Stone. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 384 The purest iron is made from an ore called hæmatites by ignition with charcoal.
β1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 715 Andreas Balvacensis writeth, that the Bloud-stone called the Hæmatite, is made of the Dragons bloud. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. 33/2 The Onix, Topaz, Iaspar, Hematite. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 40/2 The Ematite..is of some called stench blood, for that it stoppeth the..course of flowing. 1849Murchison Siluria xix. 463 Chromate of iron, hematite, and magnetic iron-ore. 1863A. C. Ramsay Phys. Geog. xxxv. (1878) 596 Rich deposits of hæmatite.
b. brown hæmatite: a mineral of a brown or brownish-yellow colour, consisting of hydrated sesquioxide of iron; also called limonite.
1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 3) 230 Reniform brown hematite. 1843Portlock Geol. 113 A layer of earthy brown hematite. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. i. 11 Brown iron ore or haematite consists essentially of three equivalents of water united to two of peroxide of iron.
c. attrib.
1861Lond. Rev. 16 Feb. 167 We find the Whitehaven district yielding annually upwards of 400,000 tons..of hematite iron ore. 1872W. S. Symonds Rec. Rocks x. 392 At Llantrissant in Glamorganshire there are hæmatite iron ores. 1891Daily News 19 Jan. 2/6 A number of the best pig iron makers..particularly hematite producers.
Hence hæmaˈtitiform, hem-, a., having the form of hæmatite.
1801Bournon in Phil. Trans. XCI. 180 Variety 5. Hematitiform. |