| 释义 |
alkanet|ˈælkənɛt|
[? ad. Sp. alcaneta (also arcaneta), dim. of alcana, alcaña: see alcanna. The diminutive form was applied to a European plant yielding red dye, the Anchusa or Alkanna tinctoria, (formerly sometimes called Alkanna spuria) to distinguish it from the oriental Al-kanna = henna. Hence it has been extended to other species of Anchusa and allied genera. A variant is orcanet, a. Fr. orcanète, ad. Sp. arcaneta above.]
1. A dye-material obtained from the roots of a boraginaceous plant, which yields a fine red colour.
1326etc. Prices of Foreign Prod. in Rogers Agric. & Prices II. 545 Anno 1326 ‘Alkanet 1/4lb. {at} 1/8,’ anno 1334 and 1376 ‘Alkanet 1lb. {at} /8.’ c1440in Househ. Ord. (1790) 256 Take alkenet ii penyworth, and frie hit in faire grese. 1601Holland Pliny II. (1634) 96 With an addition of Orchanet it will be red. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Lip, Add a little Orcanet to give it a Colour. 1791Hamilton tr. Berthollet's Dyeing I. Introd. 11 Others again prepared their cloth with alkanet. 1876Ure Dict. Arts I. 89 Oil coloured by alkanet is used for staining wood in imitation of rosewood.
2. The plant whose root yields the dye, Anchusa or Alkanna tinctoria, family Boraginaceæ, also called Orchanet, Dyer's Bugloss, Spanish Bugloss, and Bugloss of Languedoc.
1567J. Maplet Greene Forest 55 Orchanet, of the Romaines and Greekes is called Anchusa. 1578Lyte Dodoens 9 The first [of the smal Buglosses] is called in French Orchanette, in English Alkanet, or Orchanet. 1616Surflet Countr. Farme 332 Red [Waxe is made] by putting the root of Alkanet vnto common Wax. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Orkanet, The Orkanet grows in the Southern Parts of France. 1796Withering Bot. Arrangem. II. 226 The root of the foreign Alkanet that is kept in the shops. 1828S. Gray Operat. Chem. 541 Alkanet root gives a fine colour.
3. Applied to kindred plants:
a. Common (English) Alkanet (Anchusa officinalis);
b. Evergreen Alkanet (A. sempervirens);
c. Bastard Alkanet (Lithospermum arvense);
d. Alkanet (of America), (L. canescens).
1597Gerard Herbal ii. cclxxi. 657 The Alkanets flower and flourish in the sommer moneths. 1861Pratt Flower. Pl. IV. 50 The roots of most of the Alkanets furnish some slight degree of red colouring matter. |