| 释义 |
† heo dial. hoo, pers. pron., 3rd sing. fem., nom. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: see below.
[OE. híu, hío, héo, fem. of he; = OFris. hiu. In Goth., OS., and OHG., the fem. of the parallel pronominal stem i-s, i-r, was lost and supplied by a form sî, siu, Ger. sie. A like substitution took place later in Fris. and Eng.; in the latter, the northern and e. midl. dialects about the 12th c. exchanged hio, heo, hyo, ȝho, ȝhe for the forms, northern sco, scho, sho, e. midl. scæ, sȝe, sche, she. But heo in various forms survived in the south and w. midl. as a literary word till the 15th c., and is still vernacular from Lancashire to Devon and Sussex, under the forms hoo, hŭh (the latter often mistaken for the objective her), ŭh, ŭ.]
The original feminine pronoun corresponding to he; the place of which is now taken by she. Used of women, and of animals or things grammatically feminine.
(α) 1 híu, híuu, hío, héo, 2 hio, 2–5 heo, 2 hyo; 2–3 ȝho, 3 ȝeo, ȝo, ȝoe.
855O.E. Chron. (Parker MS.) an. 718 Hio wæs forgifen Norþan hymbra cyninge. c910Ibid. an. 910 Heo ᵹeherᵹade swiðe micel on þæm norð here. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xv. 27 Soð hiu cweð [c 975 Rushw. G., & hiu cweþ; c 1000Ags. G., ða cwæð heo; c 1160Hatton G., ða cwæð hyo]. c950― Mark x. 6 Hee and hiuu. c975Rushw. Gosp. Matt. ix. 24 Hio slepeþ [Ags. G., heo slæpð; Hatton G., hyo slæpð]. c1175Lamb. Hom. 111 Heo hi wernað wið drunkenesse. c1205Lay. 182 He wes king and heo quen. c1300Beket 24 The Princes heir heo was. c1330King of Tars 76 To god heo made hire preyers. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 5 ‘Loke on þe lufthond’, quod heo. c1450Myrc 396 That heo a-vow no maner þynge.
c1200Ormin 2037 Þe laffdiȝ Marȝe ȝho barr child Wiþþutenn weddedd macche. c1275Lay. 1149 Ȝeo was cwene [c 1205 heo wes quen] of alle wodes. 1297R. Glouc. (1724) 436 Ȝoe was worþy to be ycluped, Mold þe god quene Vor al þe godenesse, þat ȝoe dude her to Engelond. a1300Fall & Passion 81 in E.E.P. (1862) 15 Al hir ioi was ago, þo ȝo him sei dei in rode..þat del, neuer such nas þer none..as ȝho makid an seint Jon.
(β) 1 híæ, 1 híe, 2–3 hie, 3–4 ȝhe, ȝe, hye.
c975Rushw. Gosp. Matt. xv. 23 Forlet hiæ forþon þe hiæ cæᵹeþ æfter us. a1000Cædmon's Gen. 822 Þa spræc Eue eft, idesa scienost, wifa wliteᵹost, hie wæs ᵹeweorc godes. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 161 Hie is þe heuenliches kinges dohter. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2626 Ȝhe kepte it wel in fostre wune, Ȝhe knew it for hire owen sune. c1250Old Kent Serm. in O.E. Misc. 29 Hye spac to þo serganz þet seruede of þo wyne. a1275Prov. ælfred 292 Ibid. 121 Swo hie ne þochte. a1300Fall & Passion 82 in E.E.P. (1862) 15 For to wep ȝe nad no mo bot iiii bitter teris of blode. c1325Lai le Freine 114 That hye nil, no hye ne schal. c1330Florice & Bl. (1857) 572 Ȝhe said anon right Ȝhe had i-waked al this night.
(γ) 1 hí, 2–4 hi, 4–5 hy.
a1000Crist 559 in Exeter Bk., Hafað nu se halᵹa helle bireafod ealles þæs gafoles þe hi ᵹear-daᵹum..unryhte swealᵹ. a1175Cott. Hom. 223 Hi is ælra libbinde moder. Ibid. 227 Hi..warð mid cylde. a1250Owl & Night. 32 Me hi halt loþlich and fule. 1340Ayenb. 26 Þeruore is hy doȝter of prede. Ibid. 28 Hi ys contrarious to þe holy goste. c1460Launfal 352 Sche badd hym aryse anoon; Hy seyde to hym, Syr gantyl knyght.
(δ) 2–5 he, 4 hey, 5 hee.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 103 Þa oðer sunne [is] forliger..þet is ihaten fornicatio. He buleð þene mon. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 159 Lusteð nu wich maiden..and hwat he hatte, and hware he was fet. a1300St. Michael 203 in Treat. Science, etc. (1841) 136 The sonne..sent a-doun hire hete..and of fersch water he draweth up the breth. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 413 Crist askid þo womman watir to drinke, and ȝitte he was an alien, for he was a Samaritan. a1400Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 229 Hey endetz shameliche Hey draweþ dredfulliche. c1420Chron. Vilod. 1119 And thongede hurr' heyȝelyche..Þat hee had delyveryd hym. a1450Le Morte Arth. 584 Ther-for he dude on a Russet cote..And made heore self þo a Nonne.
(ε) 3–4 ha, a.
c1205Lay. 28219 Þa wile a [the queen] beoð aliue. a1225Leg. Kath. 136 Þus hwil ha [v.r. a] wiste hire. 1387Trevisa MS. Cott. Vesp. D. vii. 29 b, He..prayede hys wyf þat hue wolde helpe..bote a dude þe contrary.
(ζ) 2–5 ho, 3–5 hoe.
c1175Lamb Hom. 77 Þe sunne streonþ þe lome þet ho spret in to al þis wide worlde. c1205Lay. 42 He hoe [boc] ȝef þare æðelen ælienor. 1297R. Glouc. (1724) 13 Ho wende from al hire kyn. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1001 Þe olde auncian wyf heȝest ho syttez. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) lxvi, Ho kissutte hur lord. c1420Chron. Vilod. 376 In yche werk þt hoe wrouȝt.
(η) 4–5 hue.
1307Elegy Edw. I, iv, Ich biquethe myn herte aryht..Over the see that hue be diht. 1340–70Alex. & Dind. 562 While hue liuede alse. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. ii. 10 Ich was aferd of hure face, thauh hue faire were.
(θ) 5–9 hoo.
a1440Sir Degrev. 686 Natheles hoo was wel paid. 1674Ray N.C. Words 26 Hoo, he, in the Northwest parts of England most frequently used for she. c1815Lancash. Ballads & Songs 169 Hoo says hoo can tell when hoo's hurt. 1867E. Waugh Owd Blanket 72 Th' mistress said hoo thought hoo'd suit 'em.
b. Opposed to he: female, feminine.
c950–1000: see he 7. 13.. E.E. Allit. P. B. 337 Ay þou meng with þe malez þe mete ho-bestez. |