| 释义 |
herbaceous, a.|həˈbeɪʃəs|
[f. L. herbāce-us grassy, f. herba herb: see -aceous. Cf. F. herbacé (16th c. in Hatz.-Darm.).]
1. Of the nature of a herb.
a. Applied to plants which do not develop wood in the stem or branches, but die down every year, after flowering (opp. to arborescent); also to the soft succulent stems of such plants (opp. to ligneous).
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. vi. 97 Ginger is the root of neither tree nor shrub, but of an herbaceous plant. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornwall 254 The Alcyonium is of a middle nature betwixt the herbaceous and horny submarines. 1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxv. 347 The stem is simple, herbaceous, and procumbent. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. ix. (1878) 245 Two plants, one being woody and the other herbaceous. 1887Pall Mall G. 6 Nov. 13/2 Horticulturists generally apply the term herbaceous in a more limited sense—that is, to those plants which die down annually, as the pæony and Michaelmas daisy.
b. Of the texture and colour of an ordinary leaf; applied esp. to green flowers or floral organs.
1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xv. 168 The flowers [of Lady's Mantle]..having no corolla..are only green, or what botanists call herbaceous. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 307 Polygoneæ..sepals 3–6, petaloid or herbaceous.
†2. Composed of or containing herbs. Obs. rare.
1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Sallet, One of the most agreeable of all the boil'd Herbaceous dishes.
†3. Feeding on herbs, herbivorous. Obs. rare.
1713Derham Phys.-Theol. iv. xi. (1786) I. 257 The herbaceous eaters, for instance, are many, and devour much. Ibid. (J.), Their teeth are fitted to their food..the herbaceous to gathering and comminution of vegetables.
4. herbaceous border, a border filled with herbaceous perennial plants (so, as nonce-wd., herbaceous borderer); herbaceous perennial, a plant whose roots live for several years, although stem and leaves die down to the ground each year, after flowering.
[1822Loudon Encycl. Gard. III. 993 (heading) Species and Varieties of..*Herbaceous Border-flowers. 1868D. Thomson Handy Bk. of Flower Garden 6 There is enough in a border of hardy herbaceous plants..to gratify the keenest sensibility.] 1881T. Moore Epitome of Gardening vi. 190 The herbaceous border should be a distinct compartment, and not less than 10 ft. in width. 1883F. Miles in W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden p. xl/2 What cannot be done with an herbaceous border edge when that edge is the green grass? 1909H. G. Wells Tono-Bungay iii. ii. §1 An ardent rose grower and herbaceous borderer. 1931C. St. John Ellen Terry & Bernard Shaw 132 Miss Audrey Campbell: an enthusiastic amateur actress, and a plant of ‘vigorous habit’ in Ellen Terry's herbaceous border of friends. 1968R. Hay Gardener's Round 213 A friend, anxious to replant a fairly large herbaceous border, asked me to mark a catalogue for him.
1868D. Thomson Handy Bk. Flower Garden vi. 153 *Herbaceous perennials are a class of plants distinct in their nature. 1871W. Robinson Hardy Flowers iii. 277 (heading) A choice selection of the very finest herbaceous perennials. 1959C. H. Potter Perennials in Garden i. 8 The term perennial..refers to hardy herbaceous perennials which tend to live year after year without replanting.
Hence herˈbaceously adv., in a herbaceous manner; in quot., With a flavouring of herbs.
1887Ruskin Præterita II. iv. 112 To have caught a chub in the Avon, and learned how to cook it spicily and herbaceously..would have been a better result. |