| 释义 |
▪ I. hither, adv. and a.|ˈhɪðə(r)|
Forms: α. 1–5 hider, 3–6 hyder, 4 huder, 4–5 hidir, -ur, 5 hydir, -ur, -yr, 4–6 hidder, -ir, hydder, -ir, -yr; 4 hiþer, 5–6 hyther, 5– hither. β. 3 hidere, 4–5 hidre. γ. 4–5 heder, -ir(e, -ur, -yr, 6 hedder; 4 heþer, 4–5 hethir, 5–7 hether.
[OE. hider corresp. to ON. heðra, Goth. hidrê; f. demonstr. stem hi- (see he, here) + suffix appearing also in L. ci-trā on this side. Not known in WGer. exc. in OE.; but it has been suggested that OS. herod, OHG. herot, in same sense, are of similar origin. For the later change of d to th (ð), cf. note to father.]
A. adv.
1. With verbs of motion (or cognate nouns): To or towards this place. (Now only literary; in ordinary speech supplanted by here q.v., sense 7).
c725Corpus Gl. 1158 Istuc, hider. c825Vesp. Ps. lxxii. 10. c 1000 ælfric Gram. xxxviii. (Z.) 223 Huc, hider. a1123O.E. Chron. an. 1101 Þe mid unfriðe hider to lande fundode. c1205Lay. 26733 We beoð hidere [c 1275 hider] icumen. a1300Cursor M. 10315 Nu am i hidir to þe send. 1388Wyclif John xx. 27 Putte hider thin hond. c1440Generydes 168 Of my comyng heder. c1450Merlin 39 Bringe hethir the clerkes. 1550Crowley Last Trump. 93 Come hither unto me. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. v. 5 Vnder the greene wood tree, who loues to lye with mee..Come hither, come hither, come hither. 1671Milton Samson 1445 My inducement hither. 1766Gray in Corr. w. Nicholls (1843) 63 Till my return hither yesterday. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 557 Hither..came news that the frigates had forced a passage.
†b. (Of the direction of feeling.) Obs. rare.
1579J. Stubbes Gaping Gulf E vj, That false Scot prelate Rosse, mortall enemy hether.
†c. With redundant to or unto (north. till). (Cf. from hence.) Obs.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 7746 Swa many myle, Fra heven tylle hyder. 1382Wyclif Job xxxviii. 11 Vnto hider thou shalt come, and no ferthere gon.
2. To or on this side (of). rare.
1864Carlyle Fredk. Gt. xii. ix. IV. 209 At Steinberg..some twenty miles hither of Olmütz.
†3. Up to this point (of time, or of discourse, etc.); till now, thus far, hitherto. Also with redundant to (north. till). Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 581 Now haf i sceud yow til hider [Gött. hiþer] how [etc.]. c1400Mandeville (1839) v. 44 From that tyme hidre, the Sowdan clepethe him self Calyffee. 1466Edw. IV. in Paston Lett. No. 552 II. 282 Sithen the Conquest hither. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 267 Hither of causes and sickness in general. Now it is also meet, that we speak..of signes whereby sickness is known.
†4. To this end, aim, or result; to this subject, class, or category; hereto. Obs.
1538Starkey England i. i. 7 Hyther tendyth al prudence and pollycy. 1561J. Daus tr. Bullinger on Apoc. Pref. (1573) 12 S. John hath hyther borrowed all his thinges out of the Scriptures..to.. confirme his writinges by the scripture. 1608D. T. Ess. Pol. & Mor. 118 Hither may that speech..be well referred. a1694Tillotson Serm. (1743) I. v. 137 Hither belong all those texts which [etc.].
5. Phr. hither and thither. To this place and that, in this direction and in that (alternately); to and fro; in various directions. [In OE.; also with gen. endings hidres ðidres.] So hither and yon (yond). dial. and U.S.
c725Corpus Gl. 2148 Ultroque citroque, hider ond ðider [MS. hider]. c888K. ælfred Boeth. xl. §5 Ac ic ondræde þæt ic þe læde hidres þidres on þa paþas of þinum weᵹe. c897― Gregory's Past. ix. 59 Ðæt scip..Drifen hider and ðider. c900tr. Bæda's Hist. v. xiii. [xii.] (1890) 428 Ða ahof ic mine eaᵹan upp & locade hider & ᵹeond. a1300Cursor M. 16001 Þai iesus ledd..Bath hider & þider. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton) v. i. (1859) 69, I sawe hym..fle hyder and thyder. 1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. xv. (1626) 308 Hether and thether still the Spirit strayes. 1787Grose Prov. Gloss., Hither and yon, here and there, backwards and forwards. North. 1821Galt Sir A. Wylie II. 20 (Jam.) Noo that they're hither and yont frae ane anither. 1871R. H. Hutton Ess. (1877) I. 34 A Power..that moves us hither and thither through the ordinary Courses of our lives.
B. adj. Situated on this side, or in this direction; the nearer (of two things, or ends or parts of something). Also fig. of time. [Cf. L. citer, citerior.]
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 299 Þere beeþ tweye Spaynes; þe hyder bygynneþ from þe pleynes and valeys of Pireneies..Þe ȝonder Spayne conteyneþ þe west partye. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 942/2 On this hither side of the riuer. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 722 That Globe, whose hither side With light..reflected, shines. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 53 Lay..the Mold flat upon the hither end of the using File. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) II. xix. 382 In the wildest districts of the Hither Province. 1863Hawthorne Our Old Home 177 On the hither bank a fisherman was washing his boat. 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue v. 219 A widening divergence separates them at their hither end.
b. sup. hitherest: nearest. Obs. exc. dial.
1462Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 562 My master brake his hederest ponde at Sprottes. And..lete nat owte alle the water. 1876Whitby Gloss., Hitherest, the nearest.
▪ II. ˈhither, v.
[Elliptical use of adv. = come hither.]
intr. To move or come hither; chiefly in phr. to hither and thither = to go to and fro; to move about in various directions.
1856Mrs. Carlyle Lett. II. 275 Mr. C. always hithers and thithers in a weary interminable way. 1864Carlyle Fredk. Gt. xvi. xi. IV. 436 Confused hithering and thithering. 1876Whitby Gloss. s.v., They come hithering frae all parts. 18..New Mirror (N.Y.) III. 96 (Cent.) An old black trunk—a companion to our hithering and thithering for seven long years. |