| 释义 |
Hittite, n. and a.|ˈhɪtaɪt|
[f. Heb. Ḥitt(īm, Hittite Ḫatti + -ite1. The form Hittite occurs first in the Geneva version, 1560, of the Bible. The LXX has Χέτταιοι (identified as children of Heth (Χέτ), Heb. benê Ḥêth), the Vulgate Hethæi, whence Ethei in the Wycliffite versions, G. Hethiter (Luther), Eng. Hethite (Coverdale, etc.), F. Héthéen.]
A. n.
a. In the Bible (Gen. xv. 20, etc.), one of a Canaanitic or Syrian tribe of greater or less extent, perh. an offshoot of the next.
b. In modern archæology and philology, a member of a powerful and widespread ancient (non-Semitic) people, variously named Khita or Kheta in Egyptian, and Khatti, Ḥatti (see Hattic a.) in Hittite and Assyrian, whose history can be traced from c 1900 to 700 b.c. in Asia Minor and northern Syria, or a member of a people conquered by the Hittite empire.
c. The Indo-European language (written in cuneiform and hieroglyphs) of this people.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to this people or their language.
1608Topsell Hist. Serpents 93 Most fierce & cruell enemies, which should put & cast forth the Cananites, Hettites, and Cheuits. 1614Raleigh Hist. World i. viii. 162 The second sonne of Canaan was Heth or Cethus: of whom came the Hethites, or Hittites. 1871tr. Ewald's Hist. Israel III. 262 Among the petty Hittite (i.e. generally Canaanite), and Aramean kings. 1879Academy 16 Aug. 124/1 The sculpture accompanied by inscriptions in Hittite (or Hamathite) characters..discovered at Ibreez in Lycaonia..proves that the Hittites had penetrated through the eastern barrier of Asia Minor formed by the Taurus range. 1880Encycl. Brit. XI. 808/2 The discovery of a new hieroglyphic character in the Hittite inscriptions. Ibid. XII. 26/2 Our knowledge of the Hittite language is confined to the proper names mentioned in the Egyptian and Assyrian inscriptions. 1880[see Hattic a.]. 1884W. Wright Empire of Hittites iv. 56 There can be little doubt that the Lycaonian patois, which continued to be the vernacular of the people till the days of Paul, was Hittite. 1884A. H. Sayce Ibid. xi. 170 The bilingual inscription of Tarkondêmos in cuneiform and Hittite. 1920A. E. Cowley Hittites i. 1 Until forty years ago, or less, the Hittites were still grouped with Hivites and Jebusites as an insignificant Syrian tribe unknown outside the Bible. 1926Year's Work in Eng. Stud. 1924 38 We have in Hittite..the earliest Indo-European language recorded. 1952O. R. Gurney Hittites vi. 130 The original home of Hieroglyphic Hittite seems on present evidence most likely to have been Kizzuwatna [1961 ed., Cilicia]. 1962Times 31 Oct. 14/6 Stone stairway flanked by modern but Hittite-type lions. 1972C. Raphael Feast of History i. 15 All the peoples—Amorites, Moabites, Hittites, Horites, and of course the familiar Philistines..with whom the Hebrews dealt constantly in the Old Testament.
So Hittiˈtology, the study of Hittite philology, archæology, or history; Hittiˈtologist.
1948D. Diringer Alphabet i. v. 89 Some Hittitologists accept the term Nashili. 1952O. R. Gurney Hittites 8 There developed an entirely German science of Hittitology devoted to the study of the cuneiform tablets. 1964Language XL. 149, I am not a Hittitologist. |